Term
| What are the different names of collections of axons from neurons that are similar ie doing a similar fx? |
|
Definition
bundle, fasciculus, tract
stria, ansa |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a projection from a more localised area to a broader area |
|
|
Term
| What are 'U' or 'arcuate' fibers |
|
Definition
| short fasciculi that interconnect close cortical regions |
|
|
Term
| Name the 2 intra hemispheric association bundles and their paths |
|
Definition
| sup and inf longitudinal fasiculus-> anteroposteriorly |
|
|
Term
| What connects Wernicke's area and Brocke's area and what happens if there is a lesion |
|
Definition
| arcuate fasciculus (left side-usually dominant side) and would cause speech problems. eg person would not be able tp repeat the word tree back to you |
|
|
Term
| What connects occipital and temporal lobe? |
|
Definition
| inferior longitudinal fasciculus |
|
|
Term
| What connects the temporal and frontal lobes and what happens if damaged? |
|
Definition
| uncinate fasciculus (hooked shaped)and causes unicnate fits (seizures) |
|
|
Term
| What interconnects the anterior temporal lobes? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What and where is forceps major and minor? |
|
Definition
Forceps minor: anterior portion of corpus callosum connecting frontal lobes
Forceps major: posterior corpus callosum
Corpus callosum interconnecting occipital lobes |
|
|
Term
| Name the different parts of the corpus callosum and there location |
|
Definition
rostrum->genu->body->splenium
anterior to posterior |
|
|
Term
| What is a disconnection syndrome |
|
Definition
| Absence of/lesion of corpus callosum |
|
|
Term
| Name a disease that affects the corpus callosum |
|
Definition
| Tay Sachs disease->shows a thinning of corpus callosum |
|
|
Term
| What part of the corpus callosum is removed if you have severe seizures and what is left and why? |
|
Definition
| anterior and body removed and splenium left so that the visual information can go back and forth. So that visual information can be connected to Broca's area. |
|
|
Term
| What does the corona radiata represent? |
|
Definition
| Fibers to and from cortex and lower (subcortical) structures(eg thalamus, brainstem and spinal cord) like a funnel |
|
|
Term
| What is the internal capsule? |
|
Definition
| narrowing of the corona radiata-> b/w brainstem and corona radiata |
|
|
Term
| Name the 3 parts of the internal capsule |
|
Definition
| anterior limb, genu and posterior limb |
|
|
Term
| What lies lateral to external capsule? |
|
Definition
| claustrum->extreme capsule->insula |
|
|
Term
| What is the centrum semiovale? |
|
Definition
| large central area of white matter in the cerebrum->includes the intersections of internal capsule, callosal fibers and superior longitudinal fissure. |
|
|
Term
| Does the brainstem consist of grey matter? |
|
Definition
| white and grey matter mostly jumbled up |
|
|
Term
| What are the brainstems associated tracts? |
|
Definition
| medial longitudinal fasciculus and central tegmental tract |
|
|
Term
| are association bundles inter or intrahemispheric |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is The arcuate fasciculus? |
|
Definition
the lower part of SLF both anteriorly and posteriorly sweeps downward
- this arching subset of the SLF interconnecting Wernicke’s and Broca’s speech(language)areas is given the special name arcuate fasciculus |
|
|
Term
| what are arcuate fasciculi? |
|
Definition
| curved tracts that connect adjacent areas of cortex |
|
|
Term
| A lesion in what part of the SLF will cause speech and language problems? |
|
Definition
| Lesion of the left (dominant side) arcuate fasciculus causes problems of speech and language because it interrupts communication from the language comprehension cortex to the motor speech cortex |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| as association tract of the liimbic system that underlies the cingulate and parahippocampal gyri |
|
|
Term
| how has intractable pain and OCD been treated surgically? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what kind of lesion affects the upward gaze? |
|
Definition
a lesion on the posterior
commissure; in ventral stalk of pineal gland; connects visual nuclei in midbrain tectum |
|
|
Term
| where is the anterior commissure? What structures does it connect? |
|
Definition
| superior part of lamina terminalis; middle and inferior gyri of the temporal lobe and olfactory cortex |
|
|
Term
| what is the largest commissure in the brain? What is it formed from? |
|
Definition
Corpus Callosum formed from the
majority of mirror image interhemispheric connections |
|
|
Term
| give superior, inferior and midline relationships of the corpus callosum |
|
Definition
> the superior side of the callosum in the midline is at the bottom of the longitudinal fissure
> the inferior side forms the roof of the lateral ventricle and relates to the fornix and septum pellucidum in the midline |
|
|
Term
| what structure is partially removed to treat intractable seizures? what part if preferentially removed and why? |
|
Definition
corpus callosum
anterior is preferentially removed because it is the main culprit in seizures and the splenium connects the dominant Broca's area to the non-dominant side of the brain. |
|
|
Term
| name four vertical tracts contained in the internal capsule |
|
Definition
including ascending thalamocortical
fibers and descending corticothalamic, corticospinal and corticobulbar fibers |
|
|
Term
| what fibers does the ALIC carry? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what fibers do the PLIC carry? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what fibers does the genu of the internal capsule carry? |
|
Definition
|
|
