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Back & Suboccipital Triangle
Superficial Back, Deep Back, Posterior Neck & Suboccipital Triangle
17
Anatomy
Graduate
09/11/2012

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Cards

Term
Trapezius
Definition

Nerve: Spinal accessory nerve (IX) and twigs from C3 and C4

 

Origin: External occipital protuberance, superior nuchal line, ligamentum nuchae, spinous processes of C7-T12

 

Insertion: Anterior border of spine of scapula, acromion and lateral 1/3 of posterior border of clavicle

 

Action: adducts and rotates scapula; upper part elevates scapula; lower part depresses scapula

Term
Latissimus dorsi
Definition

Nerve: Thoracodorsal nerve

 

Origin: Spinous processes of T6-T12, thoracolumbar fascia, crest of ilium and lower 3 or 4 ribs

 

Insertion: Floor of intertubercular groove of humerus

 

Action: Extends & adducts arm; rotates arm medially

Term
Levator scapulae
Definition

Nerve: Nerve to levator scapulae

 

Origin: Transverse process of C1-C4

 

Insertion: Posterior lip of medial border of scapula

 

Action: Elevates scapula and inclines head laterally

Term
Rhomboid major
Definition

Nerve: Dorsal scapular nerve

 

Origin: Spinous processes of T2-T5

 

Insertion: Posterior lip of medial border of scapula

 

Action: Adducts scapula

Term
Rhomboid minor
Definition

Nerve: Dorsal scapular nerve

 

Origin: Spinous processes of C7-T1

 

Insertion: Root of spine of scapula

 

Action: Adducts scapula

Term
Serratus posterior superior
Definition

Nerve: Intercostal nerves T2-T5

 

Origin: Ligamentum nuchae and spinous processes of C7-T3

 

Insertion: Superior border of ribs 2-4

 

Action: Elevate ribs (proprioceptive?)

Term
Serratus posterior inferior
Definition

Nerve: Intercostal nerves T9-T12

 

Origin: Spinous processes of T11-L2

 

Insertion: Inferior border of ribs 8-12

 

Action: Depress ribs (proprioceptive?)

Term
Erector spinae: iliocostalis
Definition

Nerve: segmentally by dorsal rami of spinal nerves

 

Origin: Broad tendon from iliac crest, sacrum and lumbar spinous processes

 

Insertion: Angle of ribs and cervical transverse processes

 

Action: Unilaterally - lateral flexion of vertebral column; Bilaterally - extend vertebral column

Term
Erector spinae: longissimus
Definition

Nerve: Segmentally by dorsal rami of spinal nerves

 

Origin: Broad tendon from iliac crest, sacrum and lumbar spinous processes

 

Insertion: Posterior medial aspects of ribs and transverse processes of thoracic and cervical vertebrae

 

Action: Unilaterally - lateral flexion of vertebral column; Bilaterally - extend vertebral column

Term
Erector spinae: spinalis
Definition

Nerve: Segmentally by dorsal rami of spinal nerves

 

Origin: Spinous processes from lower thoracic and lumbar vertebrae

 

Insertion: Spinous processes on upper thoracic and cervical vertebrae

 

Action: Unilaterally - lateral flexion of vertebral column; Bilaterally - extend vertebral column

Term
Splenius capitis
Definition

Nerve: Segmentally by dorsal rami of spinal nerves

 

Origin: Ligamentum nuchae and spinal processes of C7-T3

 

Insertion: Mastoid process of temporal bone and superior nuchal line of occiput

 

Action: Laterally flex/rotate head

Term
Splenius cervicis
Definition

Nerve: Segmentally by dorsal rami of spinal nerves

 

Origin: Spinal processes of T2-T6

 

Insertion: Transverse processes of C1-C3

 

Action: Laterally flex/rotate neck

Term
Semispinalis capitis
Definition

Nerve: Segmentally by dorsal rami of spinal nerves

 

Origin: Transverse processes of C4-T12

 

Insertion: Superior nuchal line of occiput

 

Action: Extend head and neck

Term
Rectus capitis posterior major
Definition

Nerve: Suboccipital (Dorsal ramus C1)

 

Origin: Spinous process of C2

 

Insertion: Lateral inferior nuchal line of occiput

 

Action: Extend and rotate head

Term
Rectus capitis posterior minor
Definition

Nerve: Suboccipital (Dorsal ramus C1)

 

Origin: Posterior tubercle of C1

 

Insertion: Medial inferior nuchal line of occiput

 

Action: Extend and rotate head

Term
Obliquus capitis superior
Definition

Nerve: Suboccipital (Dorsal ramus C1)

 

Origin: Transverse process of C1

 

Insertion: Occiput between nuchal lines

 

Action: Extend and rotate head

Term
Obliquus capitis inferior
Definition

Nerve: Suboccipital (Doral ramus C1)

 

Origin: Posterior tubercle of C2

 

Insertion: Transverse process of C1

 

Action: Rotate neck

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