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Axilla
Brachial Plexus
174
Anatomy
Graduate
09/19/2014

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Cards

Term
What is the thoracic wall made up of?
Definition
epidermis, demis, superficial fascia, deep fascia, muscle&bone, parietal pleura
Term
The breast is a modified ______ gland
Definition
sweat
Term
The breast overlies this muscle
Definition
pectoralis major
Term
The amount of fat surroudning the glandular tissue determines what
Definition
the size
Term
The breaste extends to the axilla with what?
Definition
axillary tails
Term
The lobules of the breast are drained by what?
Definition
lactiferous ducts
Term
The lactiferous ducts open where
Definition
on the nipple
Term
THe breast is attached to the skin by what
Definition
cooper's ligaments
Term
THe breast is supplied by these 5 arteries
Definition
internal thoracic, lateral thoracic, thoracodorsal, thoracoacromial, intercostal arteries
Term
What is the role of the axillary, parasternal, abdominal, and oppsoite breast associated lymphh nodes
Definition
lymphatic drainage
Term
what are the 6 bony landmarks of the pectoral region
Definition
pectoral girdle, scapula, clavicle, humerus, sternum, ribs
Term
What is the pectoral girdle made up of
Definition
scapula, clavicle
Term
the pectoral girdle serves as an attachment for what
Definition
upper limb
Term
the attachment to the axial skeleton is made where
Definition
sternoclavicular joint
Term
features of teh scapula
Definition
acromion, coracoid process, vertebral border
Term
what are the 2 extremities of the clavicle
Definition
acromial, sternal
Term
The clavicle is an origin for these 3 muscles
Definition
pectoralis major, deltoid, subclavius
Term
Features of the humerus (7 total)
Definition
head, greater & lesser tubercles, intertubercular sulcus, anatomical neck, surgical neck, deltoid tuberosity
Term
THe sternum serves as an anterior attachment for whatt?
Definition
the ribs
Term
The ribs attach at the sternum at what kind of joint
Definition
sternocostal
Term
What are the 3 parts of the sternum
Definition
manubrium, body/gladiolus, xiphoid process
Term
manubrium
Definition
handle
Term
notches of the manubrium
Definition
jugular (suprasternal), clavicular
Term
joint of the manubrium
Definition
sternoclavicular
Term
articulations of manubrium
Definition
rib one, body of sternum
Term
sychondrosis
Definition
a cartilagenous joint where the connecting medium is hyaline cartilage
Term
The connection between rib 1 and the manubrium is
Definition
sychondrosis
Term
The body of the sternum pairing with the manubrium is a
Definition
symphysis
Term
the manubrium and body of the sternum joining creates this
Definition
sternal angle/angle of louis
Term
The junction of manubrium and the body are an articulation for what
Definition
rib 2
Term
The body/gladiolous form articulations with what ribs
Definition
3-6
Term
What is the danger of the xiphoid process
Definition
liver laceration
Term
xiphisternal junction articulates with what
Definition
rib 7
Term
how many pairs of ribs are there
Definition
12 + costal cartilages
Term
How many pairs of vertebrosternal ribs are there
Definition
7
Term
How many pairs of vertebrochondral ribs are tehre
Definition
3
Term
How many pairs of vertebral ribs are there
Definition
2
Term
What are the typical ribs
Definition
3-10
Term
What feature of the ribs articulates with vertebral bodies
Definition
head
Term
the head of the rib articulating with the vertebral bodies creates this joint
Definition
costovertebral
Term
what feature of the ribs articulates with the transverse process of the vertebral bodies
Definition
tubercle
Term
the tubercle of the ribs articulating with the transverse process of the vertebra creates what kind of joint
Definition
costotransverse joint
Term
the shaft of the rib has thse two features
Definition
angle, costal groove
Term
What is the angle of the typical rib refer to
Definition
point of greatest curvature
Term
What are the atypical ribs
Definition
1,2,11,12
Term
Which is the shortest rib
Definition
rib 1
Term
why is rib 1 atypical
Definition
grooves for subclavian aa & vv and scalne tubercle
Term
why is rib 2 atypical
Definition
tuberosity for serratus anterior
Term
why are ribs 11& 12 atypical
Definition
no tubercle, reduced costal cartilage, single facet on head
Term
What are the extrinsic accessory respiratory muscles
Definition
pectoralis major, serratus anterior, serratus posterior superior & inferior, scalaneus muscles
Term
What are the intrinsic muscles innervated by
Definition
intercostal nerves
Term
What are the muscular attachments for the ribs
Definition
oblique fibers from one rib to adjacent ones
Term
actions of rib musculature
Definition
stabilizes rib cage during forcible ventilation
Term
what are the 4 muscles of the ribs?
Definition
external, internal, innermost, transversus thoracis
Term
the external intercostal is continuous with what muscle
Definition
external oblique
Term
the external intercostal is replaced by what anteriorly
Definition
parasternal membrane
Term
the internal intercostal is continuous with what
Definition
internal oblique
Term
the internal intercostal muscle is replaced posteriorly by what
Definition
paravertebral membrane
Term
the innermost intercostal muscle is part of what
Definition
interal intercostal
Term
Blood supply for the intercostal muscles
Definition
interocstal arteries
Term
The intercostal arteries are branches of what
Definition
internal thoracic (mammary) arteries from subclavian, aorta
Term
The intercostal veins drain to what
Definition
internal thoracic veins or azygos vein
Term
The ribs are innervated by what
Definition
anterior primary rami of thoracic spinal nerves, communicate with sypmathetic ganglia via gray and white rami
Term
t12 nerve name
Definition
subcostal
Term
dermatome of t4
Definition
nipple
Term
dermatome t10
Definition
umbilicus
Term
the deltoid muscle is innervated by what nerve
Definition
axillary nerve
Term
what are the spinal levels for the axillary nerve
Definition
c5-c6
Term
actions of pec major
Definition
adduction and medial rotation of humerus
Term
pec major origin
Definition
clavicle (clavicular head) sternum, sixth costal cartilage (sternocsotal head)
Term
pec major insertion
Definition
lateral edge of interubercular sulcus
Term
pec major innervation
Definition
lateral (both heads) medial pectoral (sternocostal head) n
Term
what is the spinal level of the lateral pectoral n
Definition
c5-c7
Term
what is the spinal level of the medial pectoral nerve
Definition
c8-t1
Term
the lateral nerve is an extension of what cord of the brachial plexus
Definition
lateral
Term
the medial pectoral nerve is an extension of what cord of the brachial plexus
Definition
medial
Term
the pec minor is a landmark for what
Definition
parts of the axillary artery
Term
pec minor origin
Definition
ribs 3,4,5
Term
pec minor insertion
Definition
coracoid process of scapula
Term
pec minor innervation
Definition
medial pectoral nerve
Term
pec minor actions
Definition
depression of scapula
Term
subclavius origin
Definition
1st rib and manubrium of sternum
Term
subclavius insertion
Definition
clavicle
Term
subclavius innervation
Definition
nerve to subclavius
Term
what is the spinal level of the nerve to subclavius
Definition
c5-c6
Term
subclavius actions
Definition
stabilization of clavicle and sternoclavicular joint
Term
the subclavius provides protection to subclavian vessels and brachial plexus in case of what
Definition
fractured clavicle
Term
serratus anterior origin
Definition
first 8 or 9 ribs
Term
serratus anterior insertion
Definition
medial border of scapula
Term
serratus anterior innervation
Definition
long thoracic nerve
Term
spinal levels of long thoracic nerve
Definition
c5-c7
Term
the long thoracic nerve comes off of the brachial plexus where
Definition
roots
Term
serratus anterior actions
Definition
protraction of scapula, secures scapula to thoracic cage
Term
failure of the serratus anterior produces what
Definition
winging
Term
the right subclavian artery comes from where
Definition
braciocephalic artery
Term
the left subclavian artery comes from where
Definition
arch of aorta
Term
subclavian artery path
Definition
passes laterally, deep to scalene ant, continues as axillary aa at lateral bordre of rib 1
Term
subclavian artery major branches
Definition
thyrocervical trunk, vertebral aa, internal thoracic aa, costocervical trunk
Term
the thyrocervicl trunk is the source for what arteries
Definition
inferior thyroid, transverse cervical, suprascapular
Term
the vertebral artery ascends cervical spine via transverse foramina to form what
Definition
vertebrobasilar system within cranium
Term
first division of axillary artery
Definition
lateral border of rib 1 to medial border of pec minor
Term
branch of first division of axillary artery
Definition
superior thoracic artery
Term
second division of axillary artery
Definition
behind pectoralis minor
Term
branches of second division of axillary artery
Definition
thoracoacromial trunk, lateral thoracic artery
Term
thoracoacromial trunk of axillary artery is position
Definition
medial
Term
lateral thoracic artery of 2nd division of axillary artery position
Definition
laterally
Term
which axillary artery is larger in females with many mammary branches
Definition
lateral thoracic aa
Term
axillary artery 3rd division
Definition
lateral border of pec minor to inferior border of teres major
Term
arteries of 3rd division of axillary artery
Definition
subscapular, circumflex humeral ant & post aa
Term
the subscauplar aretery splits into what arteries
Definition
circumflex scapular, thoracodorsal
Term
the brachial artery is a continuation of what into the upper limb
Definition
axillary artery
Term
The brachial artery begins where
Definition
inferior border of teres major
Term
the cephalic vein transverses what
Definition
deltopectoral triangle
Term
the cephalic vein passes deep to the deltopectoral triangle to enter what
Definition
axillary vv
Term
axillary and subclavian veins parallel what
Definition
their corresponding aa
Term
the axillary nerve supplies what
Definition
deltoid
Term
spinal level of axillary nerve
Definition
c5-c6
Term
the delotid is supplied by which cord of the brachial plexus
Definition
posterior
Term
the lateral and medial pectoral nn are sometimes joined in a bridge over what
Definition
axillary artery
Term
the nerve to subclavius comes from what of the brachial plexus
Definition
superior trunk (c5-c6)
Term
the acromial end of clavicle rises ______ than the acromion
Definition
higher
Term
infraclavicular fossa overlies deltopectoral triangle with access to what
Definition
cephalic vein
Term
what does the posterior axillary fold consist of
Definition
latissimus dorsi
Term
what does the anterior axillary fold consist of
Definition
pectoralis major
Term
Borders of Axilla: Apex: anteriorly
Definition
clavicle
Term
Borders of Axilla: Apex: Posteriorly
Definition
superior border of scapula
Term
Borders of Axilla: Apex: Medial
Definition
rib 1
Term
Borders of Axilla: floor
Definition
armpit, axillary fascia + skin
Term
Borders of Axilla: anterior wall
Definition
anterior axillary fold (pec major & minor mm)
Term
Borders of Axilla: posterior wall
Definition
posterior axillary fold (lattissimus dorsi, teres major & subscapularis mm)
Term
Borders of Axilla: medial wall
Definition
serratus anterior mm and ribs
Term
Borders of Axilla: lateral wall
Definition
meeting point of ant and post folds at intertubercular sulcus of humerus
Term
contents of orders of axilla
Definition
fat, axillary aa & vv, lymph nodes, cords of brachial plexus, long&short heads of biceps, coracobrachials mm
Term
How many roots in the brachial plexus
Definition
5
Term
How many trunks in the brachial blexus
Definition
3
Term
How many divisions in the brachial plexus
Definition
6
Term
HOw many cords in the brachial plexus
Definition
3
Term
How many terminal branches in the brachial plexus
Definition
5
Term
Where do the roots of the brachial plexus originate from
Definition
anterior primary rami of C5-t1
Term
what are the branches of the roots of the brachial plexus
Definition
dorsal scapular n, long thoracic n
Term
the dorsal scapular n is supplied mainly from
Definition
c4-c5
Term
what are the trunks of the brachial plexus
Definition
upper, middle, lower
Term
the upper trunks of the brachial plexus are made up of
Definition
c5&c6
Term
the middle trunk is made up of
Definition
c7
Term
the lower trunk is made up of
Definition
c8-t1
Term
what are teh branches of the trunks of the brachial plexus
Definition
suprascapular nerve, nerve to subclavius
Term
the suprascapular nerve and nerve to subclavius come from which trunk of the brachial plexus
Definition
upper
Term
What are the divisions of the brachial plexus.
Definition
ant/posterior divisions of trunks
Term
the cords of the brachial plexus are named how
Definition
according to relationship with axillary aa
Term
the lateral cords of the brachial plexus come from
Definition
anterior divisions of upper and middle trunks
Term
the lateral cord is the source of what muscle innervation
Definition
lateral pectoral n to pec major
Term
the medial cord of teh brachial plexus comes from
Definition
anterior division of lower trunk
Term
the medial cord of teh brachial plexus is the source for what nerves
Definition
medial pectoral n, medial brachial cutaneous, medial antebrachial cutaneous
Term
spinal levels of medial pectoral n
Definition
c8-t1
Term
medial pectoral n innervates what mm
Definition
pectoralis major and minor mm
Term
what are the spinal levels of the medial brachial cutaneous and medial antebrachial cutaneous nn
Definition
c8-t1
Term
the posterior cord is made up of what
Definition
all 3 posterior divisions of all trunks
Term
what nerves comes off of the posterior cords
Definition
upper subscapular nn, lower subscauplar nn, thoracodorsal nn
Term
What are the spinal levels for the upper and lower subscauplar nn
Definition
c5-c7
Term
musculocutaneos nn spinal level
Definition
c5-c7
Term
what nerve ends the lateral cord
Definition
musculocutaneous
Term
the musculocutaneous nn supplies what
Definition
anterior compartment of arm, cutaenous to lateral forearm
Term
median n spinal lvls
Definition
c5-t1
Term
What nerve comes off of the lateral and medial cords
Definition
median n
Term
median n supplies what
Definition
anterior forearm mm, motor & sensory to hand
Term
ulnar n spinal lvls
Definition
c8-t1
Term
what nerve ends the medial cord
Definition
ulnar n
Term
ulnar n supplies what
Definition
motor to anterior forearm and hand, sensory to hand
Term
axillary n spinal lvls
Definition
c5-c6
Term
axillary n comes off of what cord
Definition
posterior cord
Term
axillary nerve supplies what
Definition
deltoid and teres minor mm
Term
radila n spinal lvl
Definition
c5-t1
Term
the radial nn comes off of what
Definition
posterior cord
Term
radial n supplies what
Definition
posterior compartments of upper limb, sensory to wrist and hand
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