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Axial Skeleton: Bones and Features of the Skull
Axial Skeleton: Bones and Features of the Skull and hyoid (human)
61
Anatomy
Undergraduate 2
02/07/2012

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Term
meatus (pl. meatuses)
Definition
natural body cavity or canal
Term
foramen (pl. foramina)
Definition
opening in bone
allows passage of NAV
Term
fossa (pl. fossae)
Definition
natural depression (e.g. on a bone) usually to accommodate another structure
Term
tubercle
Definition
round nodule or small eminence found on some bony structures typically for muscle/tendon insertions
Term
fontanelle / fontanel
Definition
Soft spot on infant skull
Allows for elastic deformation of skull e.g. during birth
Term
Number of named bones in the adult human skeleton
Definition
206
Term
Axial Skeleton
Definition
skull
ossicles of the middle ear
hyoid bone (throat)
the rib cage & sternum
vertebral column
(80 bones)
Term
== Cranial Bones ==
Definition
PEST OF 6: Parietal(2), Ethmoid, Sphenoid, Temporal(2), Occipital, Frontal (6 types, 8 total)
Term
PEST OF 6
Definition
Cranial Bones

Parietal, Ethmoid, Sphenoid, Temporal, Occipital, Frontal
Term
Saggital Suture
Definition
Fusion of left and right parietal bones
Term
Coronal Suture
Definition
Fusion of frontal bone to parietal bones
Term
Lambdoid suture
Definition
Fusion of occipital bone to parietal bones
Term
Squamosal suture
Definition
Fusion of parietal and temporal bones
Term
Frontal suture
Definition
Fusion of left and right frontal bones

Generally fused by about age 6
Term
Bregma
Definition
Junction of coronal and saggital sutures
Term
Lambda
Definition
Junction of lambdoid and saggital sutures
Term
Anterior fontanelle (location)
Definition
Located on coronal suture
Term
Posterior fontanelle (location)
Definition
Located on lambdoid suture
Term
Sphenoidal (posteriolateral) fontanelle (location)
Definition
Located (generally) on squamosal and sphenoparietal sutures
Term
Mastoid (anteriolateral) fontanelle (location)
Definition
Located (generally) on parietomastoid and occipitomastoid sutures
Term
Frontal bone (structure)
Definition
Forehead and anterior floor of cranium, roof of nasal cavity, roof of orbits
Term
Frontal bone (major components)
Definition
supraorbital notch, frontal sinuses
Term
Parietal bone (structure)
Definition
Side and roof of cranium
Term
Parietal bone (major components)
Definition
??
Term
Temporal bone (structure)
Definition
Inferior lateral cranial floor and wall near ear
Term
Temporal bone (major components)
Definition
Zygomatic arch, Mastoid process, Petrous
Term
Occipital bone (Structure)
Definition
Posterior wall and floor of cranium
Term
Occipital bone (major components)
Definition
external occipital protuberance, foramen magnum, ligamentum nuchae
Term
Sphenoid bone (structure)
Definition
Wings, like a bat; articulates with all other cranial bones providing overall stability
Term
Sphenoid bone (major components)
Definition
hypophyseal fossa (houses pituitary gland) seat of sella turcica, optic foramen, superior orbital fissure, Pterygoid processes; has the greater and lesser wings
Term
Petrous
Definition
Contains, in its interior, the essential parts of the organ of hearing
Term
Ethmoid bone (structure)
Definition
Roof of the nose between the orbits, separating the nasal cavity from the cranial
Term
Ethmoid bone (major components)
Definition
cribriform plate, crista galli, perpendicular plate
Term
== Facial Bones ==
Definition
Virgins Can Not Make My Pet Zebra Laugh

Vomer, Conchae, Nasal, Maxilla, Mandible, Palatine, Zygomatic, Lacrimal
Term
Virgins Can Not Make My Pet Zebra Laugh
Definition
Facial Bones

Vomer, Conchae, Nasal, Maxilla, Mandible, Palatine, Zyphoid, Lacrimal
Term
Vomer (structure)
Definition
posterior inferior portion of nasal septum
Term
Vomer (major components)
Definition
Doesn't seem to be very interesting
Term
Conchae (nasal) (structure)
Definition
lateral wall of nasal cavity
Term
Conchae (nasal) (major components)
Definition
lamina of spongy bone, curled upon itself like a scroll
Term
Nasal bone (structure)
Definition
bridge of nose (between them)
Term
Nasal bone (major components)
Definition
??
Term
Maxilla (structure)
Definition
Fused along palatal fissure and form upper jaw, roof of mouth, portions of floor/lateral wall of nasal cavity, portion of orbit
Term
Maxilla (major components)
Definition
Unusually Zionist Floozies Always Penalize Irritating Mobsters

Upper teeth, Zygomatic process, Frontal process, Alveolar process, Palatine process, Infraorbital foramen, Maxillary sinus
Term
Unusually Zionist Floozies Always Penalize Irritating Mobsters
Definition
Major Components of Maxilla

Upper teeth, Zygomatic process, Frontal process, Alveolar process, Palatine process, Infraorbital foramen, Maxillary sinus
Term
Mandible (structure)
Definition
Forms lower jaw and holds lower teeth
Term
Mandible (major components)
Definition
body, ramus (pl. rami), Alveolar process, Condylar process, Cornoid process
Term
Condyle of the Mandible (importance)
Definition

Forms the tempromandibular joint (TMJ) with the temporal bone

 

Posterior process of the ramus (making Coronoid process the anterior one)

Term
Palatine bones (structure)
Definition
Located between the maxilla and the pterygoid process of the sphenoid

Forms posterior edge of the hard palate, portions of eye socket, portions of nasal cavity wall and floor
Term
Palatine bones (major components)
Definition
Pyramidal process, Orbital process, Sphenoidal process
Term
Zygomatic bones (structure)
Definition
Prominence of the cheek, portions of wall and floor of the Orbit, portions of temporal and infratemporal fossa
Term
Zygomatic bones (major components)
Definition
Zygomaticofacial foramen, Origin of the Zygomaticus major muscle
Term
Lacrimal bones (structure)
Definition
Tiny paired bones form anterior medial wall of the orbit
Term
Lacrimal bones (major components)
Definition
Posterior lacrimal crest (divides lateral/orbital surfaces), Lacrimal fossa
Term
Openings of the Orbit
Definition
Oblong Skidmarks Instantly Sell Loneliness

Optical foramen (canal), Superior orbital fissure, Inferior orbital fissure, Supraorbital foramen, Lacrimal fossa
Term
Oblong Skidmarks Instantly Sell Loneliness
Definition
Openings of the Orbit

Optical foramen (canal)
Superior orbital fissure
Inferior orbital fissure
Supreorbital foramen
Lacrimal fossa
Term
Unique features of the skull
Definition
Sutures, Paranasal sinuses, Fontanelles
Term
Paranasal sinuses (bones)
Definition
Frontal, Sphenoid, Ethmoid, Maxillary
Term
Paranasal sinuses (functions)
Definition
Lighten mass of skull

Vocal resonance
Term
Cranial fossa "contents"
Definition
Anterior = frontal lobe
Middle = temporal lobe
Posterior = cerebellum, pons, medulla oblongata
Term
Hyoid bone (structure)
Definition
Located at the base of mandible (ventrally) and at C3 (dorsally)
Term
Hyoid bone (major components)
Definition
body, greater and lesser horns (2 each, also cornu/cornua)
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