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Autonomic Nervous System
Human Anatomy - Dr. Gardner
40
Anatomy
Not Applicable
11/10/2011

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Term
What part of the vertebrate nervous system innervates smooth and cardiac muscle and glandular tissues and governs involuntary, vital functions?
Definition
Autonomic nervous system
Term
If we follow a nerve impulse from the CNS to an effector within the SNS, how many motor neurons would be involved?
Definition
One
Term
If we follow a nerve impulse from the CNS to an effector within the ANS, how many motor neurons would be involved?
Definition
Two
Term
A motor neuron within the ANS that lies between the CNS and a ganglion is what type of neuron?
Definition
Prganglionic Neuron
Term
A motor neuron within the ANS that lies between a ganglion and an effector is what type of neuron?
Definition
Ganglionic Neuron
Term
What is the axon of a ganglionic neuron within the ANS?
Definition
Postganglionic Axon
Term
What are the two divisions of the ANS?
Definition
Parasympathetic
Sympathetic
Term
What division of the ANS is primarily concerned with conserving energy and replenishing nutrient stores and has been nicknamed the “rest-and-digest” division?
Definition
Parasympathetic
Term
What division of the ANS is primarily concerned with preparing the body for emergencies and is often referred to as the “fight-or-flight” division?
Definition
Sympathetic
Term
What is another term for the parasympathetic division?
Definition
Cranioscral Division
Term
Where are the cell bodies of the preganglionic neurons for the parasympathetic division located?
Definition
Brainstem
Gray regions of S2-S4 spinal cord segments
Term
Where are the ganglia of the parasympathetic division found?
Definition
Next to or within the organs they innervate
Term
What cranial nerves carry parasympathetic fibers?
Definition
CN III-Oculomotor
CN VII-Facial
CN IX-Glossopharyngeal
CN X-Vagus
Term
The parasympathetic division innervates what structures through the oculomotor nerve?
Definition
Ciliary muscle
Pupillary constrictor muscle of the iris
Term
The parasympathetic division innervates what structures through the facial nerve?
Definition
Lacrimal gland
Nasal mucosa
Submandibular and sublingual salivary glands
Term
The parasympathetic division innervates what structures through the glossopharyngeal nerve?
Definition
Parotid Salivary Gland
Term
The parasympathetic division innervates what structures through the vagus nerve?
Definition
Airways
Heart
Abdominal Viscera
Term
What specific regions of the spinal cord house the cell bodies of the parasympathetic division of the ANS?
Definition
Lateral gray regions of the S2-S4 spinal cord segments
Term
What nerves carry fibers of the parasympathetic division of the ANS through the pelvis?
Definition
Pelvic Splanchnic Nerves
Term
What does "splanchnic" mean?
Definition
Visceral
Term
You miss lunch and only have time for a bag of chips. What division of the ANS brings about an increase in the production of saliva as you eat?
Definition
Parasympathetic
Term
You walk from a relatively dim building into the brightness of a sunny winter’s day. Your pupils constrict. What division of the ANS brings about this constriction?
Definition
Parasympathetic
Term
A test in the Testing Center takes longer than you anticipated. Now you’re late for your next class. You jog. You arrive and settle into your seat. The airways in your lungs constrict was you catch your breath. What division of the ANS brings about this constriction?
Definition
Parasympathetic
Term
A bit of dirt gets blown into your eye. Tears flow. What division of the ANS brings about the flow?
Definition
Parasympathetic
Term
What is another term for the sympathetic division of the ANS?
Definition
Thoracolumbar Division
Term
From what regions of the CNS does the sympathetic division arise?
Definition
The lateral horns of the T1-L2 regions of the spinal cord
Term
What part of spinal nerves do the preganglionic sympathetic axons travel within as they leave the lateral horn of the spinal cord?
Definition
Anterior Root
Term
What sympathetic ganglia lie on the left and right sides of the vertebral column from T1-L2?
Definition
Sympathetic trunk (paravertebral or chain) ganglia
Term
What structure of the sympathetic division of the ANS has the appearance of a pearl necklace?
Definition
Sympathetic Trunk (paravertebral or chain) ganglia
Term
What clusters of ganglia of the sympathetic division of the ANS lie within the neck?
Definition
Cervical Ganglia
Term
What are the connections between the spinal nerves and the sympathetic trunks?
Definition
Rami Communicantes
(Communicating Rami)
Term
What structures carry preganlionic sympathetic axons from the sympathetic trunk to the spinal nerves?
Definition
Gray Rami Communicantes
(Gray Rami)
Term
What structures are composed of preganglionic axons that do not synapse in a sympathetic trunk ganglion?
Definition
Splanchnic Nerves
Term
Splanchnic nerves of the sympathetic division of the ANS terminate in what structures?
Definition
Prevertebral (collateral) ganglia
Term
What structures are singula rather than paired, are anterior to the vertebral column, and are located only in the abdominal cavity?
Definition
Prevertebral Ganglia
Term
List the three prevertebral ganglia.
Definition
Celiac Ganglion
Superior Menenteric Ganglion
Inferior Mesenteric Ganglion
Term
What pathway is a postganglionic axon within if it travels through a gray ramus that is at the level as the ganglionic neuron to innervate blood vessels or arrector pili muscles or swear glands?
Definition
Spinal Nerve Pathway
Term
What pathway is a postganglionic axon within if the preganglionic neuron synapses with a ganglionic neuron in a sympathetic trunk ganglion, but the postganglionic axon does not leave?
Definition
Postganglionic sympathetic nerve pathway
Term
What pathway is a postganglionic axon within if it passes through the wympathetic trunk ganglia without synapsing and extends to the prevertebral ganglia?
Definition
Splanchnic Nerve Pathway
Term
What pathway is a sympathetic zxon within if it goies to the adreal medulla?
Definition
Sympathetic Division
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