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Autonomic Nervous System
Test 3
28
Anatomy
Undergraduate 2
10/21/2009

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Term
What does ANS and SNS stand for? Give names. Tell what each does.
Definition

Autonomic Nervous System

-innervates all organs under the direct control of the CNS except skeletal muscle.

Term
Have a general idea when humans became aware of the physiological phenomean controlled by the ANS.
Definition
Humans were aware of the sympathetic response of the variouse body organs long before recorded history began. In the earliest written records, of which the bible is amond the oldest, there are accounts of how pain, injury and stress affected: heart rate, sweating, digestive system, pupil of eye, tear production, other body functions.
Term
List four physiological concepts/phenomena that were first discovered or proposed as a theory by physiologists studying the ANS.
Definition
Homeostasis, adaptation to changes in our external environment, adaptation to changes in our internal enviroment, total body response to stress, the idea of specific receptors for chemical messengers, other physiological phenomena.
Term
List the three types of cells/tissues innervated by the ANS.
Definition
Smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, gland cells
Term
List the only major organ(s) not under ANS control.
Definition
Skeletal muscle
Term
We have seen that one cannot live without the ANS unless ther person was lying down in a controlled environment, being fed through veins with no stress of any kind. List the three major things the ANS does.
Definition

-to maintain homeostasis of our internal environment.

-for adjusting to external environment.

-to organize visceral support for somatic behavior

Term
Be able to explain what is meant by "organizing visceral support for somatic behavior"
Definition
meaning the internal organs do what is needed to support skeletal muscles activites.
Term
Are we aware of most ANS activities? Explain. Give two or more examples.
Definition

ANS is automatic and mostly subconscious

-homeostasis

-rate of heart

Term
What is the best name for the ANS?
Definition
Visceral Efferent System
Term
List the two sources of sensory information for the ANS. Be sure you know what both of these do; where each gets it information from.
Definition
Somatic afferent and visceral afferent
Term

Know Neurotransmitter and Receptors on postsynaptic membrane:

 

Somatic motor neuron

Definition
Term

Know Neurotransmitter and Receptors on postsynaptic membrane:

 

P Preganglionic neuron

Definition
Term

Know Neurotransmitter and Receptors on postsynaptic membrane:

 

P Postganglionic neuron

Definition
Term

Know Neurotransmitter and Receptors on postsynaptic membrane:

 

S Preganglionic neuron

Definition
Term

Know Neurotransmitter and Receptors on postsynaptic membrane:

 

 

S Postganglionic neuron

Definition
Term

Know origin of sympathic system

Know general action produced by sympathic system

Know when sympathic system will dominate

Know how to deduce effects of sympathic system stimulation.

Definition
Term

Know origin of parasympathetic system.

Know general action produced by parasympathetic system

Know when parasympathetic sysem will dominate

Know how to deduce effects of parasympatheric system of stimulation.

Definition
Term
Is complete P or S dominance common? When do we come the closest to P dominance? To S dominance?
Definition

Rarely do you have complete S or P dominance. Usually we are under partial S and partial P control.

Closest to P dominance when sleeping/relaxed, comfortable, after meal, reading in good light and being "turned on"

Closest to S dominance when about to be killed.

Term
What do we mean by S and P are reciprocal?
Definition
As the level of one increases, the level of the other decrease.
Term

When ACh binds with muscarinic receptors, we may see one of two effects. List these two effects. Tell channels opened to cause each effect. Explain what happens for each one.

 

Definition

- Open Na+ chs.

Therefore depolarization.

Therefore smooth muscle will contract

or gland cells will secrete

 

-Open K+ chs.

Therefore hyperpolarization

Therefore causes inhibition of smooth muscle- thus it will relax

or decrease of gland cells

or S.A node slows heart.

Term
What is atropine? Where does it act? What is its effect?
Definition
Atropine Blocks M-R
Term
List the four most common receptors for norepi.
Definition
Term
Know location, effect on muscle or gland cells innervated and know mechanism of action:
Definition
Term
Know location, effect on muscle or gland cells innervated and know mechanism of action:
Definition
Term
Know location, effect on muscle or gland cells innervated and know mechanism of action:
Definition
Term
Know location, effect on muscle or gland cells innervated and know mechanism of action:
Definition
Term
Norepi binds primarily with____________ receptors.
Definition
Term
Epi binds primarily with ___________ receptors.
Definition
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