Term
| Autonomic Nervous System (ANS) |
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Definition
| Innervates smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, and glands |
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Term
| What type of adjustments are made by the ANS |
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Definition
routing adjustments in physiological systems
regulates visceral (cardiovascular, respiratory, digestive, excretory)
and reproductie functions |
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Term
| What are some of the differences in somatic motor sytems comparied to autonomic motor systems |
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Definition
Somatic
1) one motor neuron extends from the CNS to skeletal muscle
2) Axons are well myelinated, conduct impulses rapidly |
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Term
| What are some of the differences in autonomic motor systems compaird to somatic motor systems |
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Definition
Autonomic
1) chain of two motor neurons
a) Preganglionic neurons
b) Postganglionic neuron
2) Conduction is slower due to thinly or unmyelinated axons |
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Term
| The ANS differs from the somatic nervous system in |
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Definition
| the arrangement of the neurons connecting the central nervous system (CNS) to the effector organs |
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Term
| In the ANS, the axon of a visceral motor neuron within the CNS innervates |
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Definition
| a second neuron located in a peripheral ganglion |
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Term
| In the ANS, the second neuron controls what |
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Definition
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Term
| Visceral motor neurons in the CNS are know as what |
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Definition
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Term
| Visceral motor neurons in the CNS send their axons called_________ to synapse on _____________, whose cell bodies are located _____________ in ___________ |
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Definition
preganglionic neurons
preganglionic fibers ganglionic neurons
outside the CNS
autonomic ganglia |
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Term
| Axons from the ganglionic neurons are called _________ because they |
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Definition
postganglionic fibers
carry impulses away from the ganglion |
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Term
| Postganlionic Fibers innervate |
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Definition
| peripheral tissues and organs, such as cardiac and smooth muscle, adipose tissue, and glands |
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Term
| Autonomic Nervous system consists of 2 divisions |
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Definition
Fight or flight response
or
Rest and repose response |
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Term
| Sympathetic (Thoracolumbar) Division of the ANS sends messages to where |
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Definition
| preganglionic nerons in lateral gray horns of spinal segment T1 - L2 |
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Term
| Sympatheic Division - Preganglionic neurons are in the |
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Definition
| lateral gray horns of spinal segments T1 - L2 |
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Term
| Sympathetic Division - Preganglionic neurons send preganglionic fibers to |
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Definition
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Term
Sympatheic Division
ganglia near spinal cord send postganglionic fibers to |
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Definition
| Target organs most potganglionic fibers release NE at neuroeffector junctions------Fight or flight response |
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Term
Parasympathetic (Caraniosacral) Division
is connected to what neurons |
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Definition
| Preganglionic neurons in brain stem and in lateral portiaon of anterior gray honrs of S2 - S4 |
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Term
| Parasympathetic (Caraniosacral) Division - preganglionic neurons send preganglionic fibers to |
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Definition
| Ganglia in or near target organs |
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Term
| What do Preganglionic fibers in the Parasympathetic (Caraniosacral) Division release |
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Definition
| Preganglionic fibers release ACH (excitatory), stimulating ganglionic neurons |
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Term
| Parasympathetic (Caraniosacral) Division - Ganglia in or near target organs send |
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Definition
| postganglionic fibers to target organs----rest and repose response |
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Term
| Parasympathetic (Caraniosacral) Division - what does the postganglionic fibers release once they have reached the target organs |
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Definition
| ACh at neuroeffector junctions |
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Term
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Definition
| Acetylcholin - is a neurotransmitter in both the peripheral nervous system (PNS) and centeral nervous system (CNS) |
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Term
| Thoracolumbar Division is part of what Division of ANS and what does it affect |
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Definition
| sympathetic division Thoracic nerves Lumbar nerves L1 - L2 only |
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Term
| Craniosacral Division is part of what division of ANS |
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Definition
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Term
| Craniosacral Division affects what cranial nerves |
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Definition
Cranial nerves
III Oculomotor
VII Facial
IX Glossopharyngeal
X - Vagus |
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Term
| Craniosacral Division affects which Sacral Nerves |
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Definition
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Term
| Iris Sympathetic Stimulation |
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Definition
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Term
| Iris Parasympathetic Stimulation |
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Definition
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Term
| Salivary Glands Sympathetic Stimulation |
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Definition
| Saliva production reduced |
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Term
| Salivary Glands parasympathetic Stimulation |
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Definition
| Saliva production increased |
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Term
| Oral/Nasal Muscosa Sympathetic Stimulation |
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Definition
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Term
| Oral/Nasal Mucosa Parasympathetic Stimulation |
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Definition
| Mucus production increased |
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Term
| Heart Sympathetic Stimulation |
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Definition
| Heart rate and force increased |
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Term
| Lung Sympathetic Stimulation |
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Definition
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Term
| Stomach Sympathetic Stimulation |
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Definition
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Term
| Small intestine Sympathetic Stimulation |
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Definition
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Term
| Large intestine Sympathetic Stimulation |
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Definition
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Term
| Liver Sympathetic Stimulation |
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Definition
| Increased conversion of glycogen to glucose |
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Term
| Kidney Sympathetic Stimulation |
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Definition
| Decreased urine secretion |
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Term
| Adrenal medulla Sympathetic Stimulation |
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Definition
| Noreponephrine and epinephrine secreted |
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Term
| Bladder Sympathetic Stimulation |
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Definition
| Wall relaxed Sphincter closed |
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Term
| Heart parasympathetic stimulation |
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Definition
| Heart rate and force decreased |
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Term
| Lung parasympathetic stimulation |
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Definition
| Bronchial muscle contracted |
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Term
| Stomach parasympathetic stimulation |
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Definition
| gastric juice secreted motility increased |
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Term
| small intestine parasympathetic stimulation |
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Definition
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Term
| large intesting parasympathetic stimulation |
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Definition
| secretions and motility increased |
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Term
| Kidney parasympathetic stimulation |
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Definition
| increased urine secretion |
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Term
| Bladder parasympathetic stimulation |
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Definition
| wall contracted sphincter relaxed |
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Term
| Sympathetic neurotransmitter released by preganglionic axons |
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Definition
| norephinephrine (adrenergic) |
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Term
| Parasympathetic neurotransmitter released by postganglionic axons |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
Independently controls gut function
Reflexes
Multiple neurotransmitters
Actions modified by vagal and sympathetic nerves |
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Term
| Parasympathetic Division includes |
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Definition
viseral motor nuclei in the brain stem
Four cranial nerves
III-Oculomotor nerve
VII-Facial
IX-Glossopharyngeal
X-Vagus |
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Term
| Parasympathetic Division - ganglionic neurons are situated in the |
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Definition
| intramual ganglia (within wall) or in terminal ganglia closey associated with their target organs |
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Term
| Sympathetic Division - Basic organization |
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Definition
| issues fron T1 -L2 Preganglionic fibers form the lateral gray horn Supplies viseceral organs and structures of superficial body regions Contains more ganglia than the parasympathetic dividsion |
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Term
| Sympathetic Division is located where |
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Definition
| located on both sides of the vertebral column linked by short nerves into sympathetic trunks joined to spinal nerves by white and gray rami communicantes white rami contain preganglionic axons gray rami contain postganglionic axons |
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Term
| Sympathetic division - adrenal medulla |
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Definition
| major effect produced by preganglionic fibers innervating the adrenal medullae -release of apinephrine and norepinephrine into the general circulation |
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Term
| Sympathetic Division - consists of |
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Definition
| preganglionic neurons located between segments T1 and L2 of the spinal cord two types of ganglionic neurons in ganglia near the vertebral column specialized neurons in the interior of the adrenal gland |
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Term
| Sympathetic Division of the ANS includes |
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Definition
| two sympathetic cahins, three collateral ganglia, and two adrenal medullae |
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Term
| Sympathetic Division of the ANS preganglionic fibers are short because |
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Definition
| the ganglia are close to the spinal cord |
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Term
| Sympathetic Division of the ANS - preganglionic neurons release |
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Definition
| ACh at their snyapses with ganglionic neurons |
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Term
| Sympathetic Division of the ANS Postganglionics release |
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Definition
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Term
| Disorders of the Autonomic Nervous System |
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Definition
Achalasia - defect in the autonomic innervation of the esophagus
Horner's Syndrome
Sunken adn droopy eye (right uppr lid ptosis)
Positive cocaine test- after cocaine the righ pupil did not dilate
Deficiency of sympathetic activity
Overblaance of parasympathetic activity |
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Term
| The parasympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system is characterized by |
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Definition
Terminal ganglia are locted close to effector organs
Preganglionic fibers are myelinated; postganglionic fibers are not
Parasympathetic postganglionic fibers secrete acetylcholine |
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Term
| Partial or complete inability to coordinate voluntary movements is also referred to as |
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Definition
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Term
| Which structure is not innervated by the sympathetic nervous system |
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Definition
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Term
| The cell body of all somatic sensory neurons is located within the |
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Definition
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