Forms the framework for the engine cylinders and reciprocating asselby. 

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A cylindrically shaped object with a top that moves up and down in the engine's cylinders. Hot gases produced from the combustion of the air-fuel mixture push on the piston to do the actual work. 

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Forms a guide for the piston to move in; allows the piston to move up and down as the engine completes its cycle. 

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Connects the piston to the connecting rod, and forms a pivot point for the small end of the connecting rod to move on.

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Seal the piston to the cylinder and prevent combustion gases from leaking past. Oil rings prevent oil form the engine's crankcase from making its way into the combustion chamber. 

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Connects the piston/wristpin assembly to the engine's crankshaft. The Large end of the connecting rod attaches to the crankshaft on the connecting rod journal. 

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Converts the linear motin of the piston into a rotary motion, which can then be used to power a vehicle or drive an accessory. 

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located above the piston, it houses the combustion chamber, the intake and exhaust valves, and the intake and exhaust ports.

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located in the cylinder head directly above the piston, it is where the actual combustion of the air-fuel mixture takes place. 

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Allows the air-fuel mixture to be drawn into the combustion chamber. When closed, it must seal the combustion chamber from the intake port.

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Allows the waste gases to be removed from the combustion chamber. When closed, it must seal the combustion chamber from the exhause port. 

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responsible for the opening and closing of the engine's intake and exhaust valves. This turns at one-half the speed of the engine's crankshaft. 

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The position of the various cylinders relative to each other. 

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all of the engine's cylinders are lined up in a row. 

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This arrangement has all cylinders lying in a horizontal plane, with half of the cylinders facing away from the other half and the crankshaft located between them. 

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These engines have one cranksaft conneted to pistons on both sides of the V shaped engine. The two rows of cylinders are located 60 to 90 degrees away form each otehr, and each row has one cyliner head, for a total of two heads for the engine. 

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The camshaft is responsible for the opening and closing of the engine's valves, and is driven by the crankshaft through a 

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Some moder engine's have the camshaft located in the engine block and the intake and exhaust valves located in the cylinder head. Engines built in thei manner would be known as.... becausethe valves are arranged above the piston and the combustion chamber.

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OHV

Overhead Valve

The camshaft is located above the valves 

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Overhead Cam 

OHC 

OHC Arrangement 

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SOHC

Single Overhead cam 

DOHC 

Double overhead cam 

Valves in the Cylinder 

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Two Valve Cylinder Head

Four Valve Cylinder Head

The order that the cylinders fire in is known as... 

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Engines that do not incorporate a spark ignition, but use a higher compression ratio to generate sufficient heat of compression to ignite the air-fuel mixture. Fuel is injected into the combustion chamber or the pre-combustion chamber. 

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is the point in time during the combustion cycle that a spark is generated at the spark plug. This is decribed relative to the postion of the engine's crankshaft. Advancing and retarding described when the flame is started. 

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