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ATTR 210
Exam#2 Lower Extremity
27
Anatomy
Undergraduate 1
10/08/2012

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Term
Which foot bone is weight bearing?
Definition
Talus
Term
Heal bone, largest in foot.
Definition
Calcaneous
Term
How many philanges per foot?
Definition
14
Term
Functions of the foot and ankle
Definition
Provide structural support platform for body
Absorb shock from ground forces
Be able to adjust to different terrain
To become a rigid lever capable of forward propulsion
To offer sensory measures of protection and guidance to lower extremity
Term
Reason for foot arch
Definition
To prevent pinching of muscles, nerves, and blood vessles.
Term
Three major aches in the foot
Definition
Medial longitudinal arch-heal to big toe(hallux) highest arch
Lateral longitudinal arch-heal to 5th toe-smallest arch
Transvers arch-perpendicular to other arches, along distal row of tarsals.
Term
Metatarsophalangeal(MTP)joint
Definition
Condyloid between metatarsals and proximal phalanges
Term
Interphalangeal(IP)
Definition
Hinge between phalanges
Distal phalangeal(DIP)
Proximal interphalangeal(PIP)
Term
Talocrural (ankle) joint
Definition
Diarthrotic hinge between distal ends of the tibia and fibular and talus
Term
Subtalar joint
Definition
Diarthrotic gliding joint between the inferior talus and the superior calcaneous
Term
Ligaments of the lateral ankle
Definition
Anterior talofibular
Posterior talofibular
Calcaneofibular
Term
Ligaments of the high ankle
Definition
Anterior tibiofibular
Posterior tibiofibular
Term
Movement of the ankle
Talocrural
Definition
Plantarflexion/Dorsiflexion
Term
Movement of the ankle
Subtalar(gliding)
Definition
Inversion/eversion
Pronation/supination
Term
Movement of the foot
MTP
Definition
Flexion/extension
Abduction/adduction
Circumduction
Term
Movement of the foot
PIP and DIP
Definition
Flexion and extension
Term
Muscles that move the ankle, foot, and toes are called what?
Definition
Crural muscles
Term
Three compartments of the leg
Definition
Anterior
Lateral
Posterior-superficial, deep
Term
These muscles mainly dorsiflex the foot and extend the toes
Definition
Extensor digitorum longus
Extensor hallucis longus
Fibularis tertius
Tibialis anterior
Term
Extensor digitorum longus
Definition
Origin:Anterior surface of proximal fibula and interosseus membrane
Insertion:Distal phalanges of toes 2-5
Action:MP, DIP, PIP, DF of talocrural joint
Innervation:Deep fibular nerve
Term
Extensor Hallucis Longus
Definition
Origin:Anterior surface of middle fibula and interosseus membrane
Insertion:Distal phalanx of great toe
Action:Great toe MP, PIP extension, DF of talocrural joint
Innervation:Deep fibular nerve
Term
Fibularis Tertius
Definition
Origin:Anterior surface of distal fibula
Insertion:Dorsum of 5th metatarsal bone(proximal)
Action:DF of talocrural joint, eversion of subtalar joint
Innervation:Deep fibular nerve
Term
Tibialis Anterior
Definition
Origin:Lateral surface of proximal tibia
Insertion:1st metatarsal, 1st cuneiform
Action:DF of talocrural joint, inversion of talocrural joint
Innervation:Deep fibular nerve
Term
These muscles are powerful evertors of the foot and weak plantar flexors.
Definition
Fibularis longus(peroneus)
Fibularis brevis(peroneus)
Term
Fibularis Longus(peroneus)
Definition
Origin:Lateral surface of proximal fibula
Insertion:1st metatarsal, 1st cuneiform
Action:Eversion of talocrural joint, Weak PF
Innervation:Superficial fibular nerve
Term
Fibularis brevis(peroneus)
Definition
Origin:Lateral surface of distal fibula
Insertion:Base of 5th metatarsal
Action:Eversion of talocrural joint, Weak PF
Innervation:Common peroneal nerve
Term
These muscles mainly plantar flex the foot at the ankle.
Definition
Gastrocnemius
Soleus
Plantaris
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