Term
Abraham Lincoln's main goal throughout his presidency was...
He stated that southern succession was _______ because physically/geographically we couldn't separate...
He worried how much of the ________ the South would be responsible for.
He worried about the argument over the ___________ law, and how the _________ would double it's activity because now they only had to pass into ________ versus Canada. |
|
Definition
bringing the nation back together,
redundant,
national debt,
Fugitive Slave Law,
Underground Railroad,
Ohio |
|
|
Term
| The immediate problem that triggered the war was the issue of _____. Two Northern _____ remained in Southern territory, the more important of which being ___________. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Abraham Lincoln was presented with a problem, because Fort Sumter faced low supplies. So, in ____, Abraham Lincoln notified the South that he'd be sending a ship to supply the fort BUT NOT fighting. |
|
Definition
|
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Term
| The South decided to open fire on the Fort anyway. This offense officially started the _________. On ______, Abraham Lincoln issued a "call to arms" and for _________ volunteers to join the military |
|
Definition
Civil War,
April 15th, 1841
75,000 |
|
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Term
On April 15th, Abraham Lincoln called for volunteer troops as well as...
In the end, his actions on April 15th would prompt __ more states to secceed from the Union |
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Definition
A blockade on all Southern ports, which would remain in tact until the war's end,
4 |
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Term
| The between the Northern and Southern States were three "___________", which were the states of Missouri, Kentucky, and Maryland. They were called this because they were slave states that hadn't succeeded |
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Definition
|
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Term
| To keep the union states apart of the Union, Abraham Lincoln took cautious steps (that could be seen as _______). First, in Maryland he declared _________ (rule by the military) in order to make sure Washington D.C. wasn't completely surrounded by slave states and to seize the _______ that went into the state. He also made it extremely clear that his goal wasn't _______________, but to reunite the country. |
|
Definition
unconstitutional,
martial law,
railroad,
to free all slaves |
|
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Term
"The Five Civilized Tribes" sided with the ________ because...
In order to officially gain their loyalty, the ________ side agreed to take over ______ to the tribes and invited them to send delegates to the ____________. In return, the Native Americans supplied ________ for the South |
|
Definition
South/Confederacy,
they thought since many of them owned slaves, they should side with the slave owners,
Confederacy,
federal payments,
Confederate Congress,
many troops |
|
|
Term
| The "brothers vs. brothers" issue in the Civil War regards how... |
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Definition
| Many southerners traveled to fight for the union, while many northerners traveled to fight for the Confederacy. Often, opposing opinions drove families apart, thus a "brother vs. brother" issue |
|
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Term
At the start of the war, the South's advantages were:
1. They only had to ________, rather than _______
2. They were on familiar ______
3. The Southern way of life provided for successful _________ and _________.
4. The Southern army had effective leaders...__________ and _____________ being the best
5. They were somehow able to keep up with Northern firearms because they... |
|
Definition
defend the land rather than conquer,
land/soil,
foot soldiers and officers,
Robert E. Lee and Thomas Jackson,
stole union firearms from union blockades they had defeated |
|
|
Term
At the start of the war, the South's disadvantages were:
1. The _______________ (due to union fighters) caused a major lack of __________________
2. A smaller ______________ |
|
Definition
damaged railroads,
supplies,
population |
|
|
Term
At the start of the war, the North's advantages were:
1. A larger _______, 3:1
2. _________ was almost entirely located in the North.
3. The ______ supply was almost completely in the North
4. The Northerners were able to persuade __________ to give them supplies and ammunition, so they were almost exclusively on the Northern side
5. The North had most of the nation's ________, _________, and __________
6. The northern ________ prevented the South from selling cotton, thus diminishing the amount of money they had |
|
Definition
population,
Industry,
Iron ore,
Europe,
railroads, strong U.S. navy, and money,
blockade |
|
|
Term
At the beginning of the war, the North's disadvantages were:
1. They would be ________, not ________
2. They were on unfamiliar _______
3. It was extremely difficult to find __________. After much time searching, Abraham Lincoln was able to find ____________ to be an __________. |
|
Definition
attacking, not defending,
land/soil,
successful/effective leaders.
Ulysses Simpson Grant,
general/leader for the North |
|
|
Term
| Throughout the Civil War, the South sought a lot of _________, although never received it, particularly from the _______ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The first major crises with Britain during the Civil War was the ____________ in 1861. This was when a Union ship stopped a British mail steamer named __________, and forcibly removed ____________ that were bound for Europe. Britons were furious and threatened __________ if they were not released (Particularly, redcoats were sent to _______ in preperation). Lincoln was able to release the prisoners without repercussions because of the slow ___________ between countries |
|
Definition
Trent Affair,
the Trent,
Two confederate diplomats,
to fight/start a war,
Canada,
communications |
|
|
Term
| The confederate ship __________ caused a lot of trouble as well. While showing the confederate flag, it was actually manned by __________, and it captured over ____ northern vessels. It was sunk in the year 1864, and caused a lot of controversy with the North. |
|
Definition
|
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Term
| The British also planned to build "___________" to help the South. As they were being built, they were halted because the British were worried that building them and joining the war might come back to haunt them. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| In Britain, it was the _________ people that supported the South, while the _________ people supported the North |
|
Definition
aristocratic,
working class |
|
|
Term
| The South hoped to gain help from Britain because they believed that they needed ________ from the South; however they were wrong, because the British had a _______ of cotton from India and Egypt. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Most of the British that supported the North really just wanted the U.S. to _________ because it would strengthen Europe. However, many were on the side of the North because of influence from _________________. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The British were swayed towards not helping the South because from the North they received _______ and _______, two crops the British WERE dependent on |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| In 1863, the British built two "_________", which were ships specifically designed to ram and destroy the Northern wooden ships that were apart of the ______________. These ships were believed to be what could trigger war the the U.S., and in the end possible loss of Canada. |
|
Definition
Laird rams,
northern blockade |
|
|
Term
| Emperor Napoleon III (taking advantage of America's internal problems) sent troops to occupy ___________ in 1863. He established a ___________ there, led by Austrian archduke Maximilian. These were violent violations of ______________. After the war was over in 1865, the U.S. was prepared to march there in order to disrupt Napoleon's work and kick Maximilian out. The French left, and Maximilian was killed by a ___________. |
|
Definition
Mexico City,
puppet government,
the Monroe Doctrine,
firing squad |
|
|
Term
| One fatal flaw of the Confederacy was that it could not prevent further succession among it's states: _________ for instance, threatened to succeed from the Confederacy and fight both sides (union and confederacy) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| ______________ was the president of the Confederacy, however he was never popular. Many times, the other states conspired to have him ______________. His confederacy was weak by design because it basically copied the constitution, which allowed the oppurtunity for other countries to succeed. |
|
Definition
Jefferson Davis,
impeached |
|
|
Term
| Throughout his presidency, Abe Lincoln BROKE the constitution in order to "save the united states". Congress generally ___________ his actions: First, in order to make a _________ Lincoln increased the size of the federal army. Second, he sent ___ million dollars to ___ private citizens for ________ reasons. Third, He suspended _________ so pro-south arrests could be made easier (This was especially scandalous because it also defied the _________'s ruling that habeous corpus could only be defied by ______). Fourth, he "monitored" elections in ___________ so that way he could get his way. He sent some officials as well to suspend certain _________ there and arrest their editors in to keep them from "obstructing" the war. Finally, he established __________ in Maryland. |
|
Definition
accepted,
blockade,
2, 3,
military,
habeous corpus,
chief justice,
congress,
Border States,
newspapers,
martial law |
|
|
Term
| Initially, the war was decided to only use __________ for troops. However, as the war went on, they depleted. Therefore, a ________ was started on both sides. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Congress allowed the wealthy to pay ____$ in order to avoid the draft (meaning a now poor person would have to take their place). This policy was particularly despised in the _______, and started many riots. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| __% of the Union soldiers were volunteers. THis was due to ________, ________, and __________ for signing up. Many men were able to sign up multiple times in order to scam the system for more _________. |
|
Definition
90%,
patriotism, pressure, and bonuses.
bonuses |
|
|
Term
| The South had _________ volunteers, and therefore sooner drafted. The rich were able to exempt themselves from the draft as well, but only if they had over ___ slaves |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The U.S. wanted to raise more money near the end of the war, and so they enacted the ___________ act: This would raise the taxes on products like ________ and alcohol, as well as increase the _______ tax enacted by Congress (ALL of this raised by ___ to ___%!!) The increase on the ______ tax gave millions to the ________! |
|
Definition
Morrill Tariff Act,
tobacco,
income,
5-10%,
income,
North |
|
|
Term
| One major affect of the Morrill Tariff Act was the fact that following it, the treasury dept. printed about ____$ in "greenback" paper money in hopes to create _______. However, the money wasn't adequately backed by gold, and therefore created ________, drastically lowering the value of paper money (at one point, only 39 cents on the dollar). |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The largest fundraiser during the Civil War was the sale of _______. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| An economic landmark dring the Civil War was the establishment of the ________________ by Congress in 1863. It was launched MAINLY AS A STIMULANT TO THE SALE OF _____________, BUT ALSO TO ESTABLISH A __________ currency (In order to fight back against depleted value of "_________" that was issued by unreliable bankers). |
|
Definition
National Banking System,
government bonds,
bank-note currency,
"rag money" |
|
|
Term
The reasons of importance for the National Banking System (of 1863) are: 1) It established a standardized _____________,
2) It regulated the ________ of money in the economy/circulation (It did this by having the ability to buy _______ and issue ________). 3) It foreshadowed the modern _______________ that we know today |
|
Definition
standardized money system,
quantity,
government bonds,
issue paper money,
Federal Reserve System |
|
|
Term
| The Southern economy greatly impacted their abilities: The Northern blockade stopped the exports of ______, and it cut off ________ duties (no imports meant no custom duties). __________ strongly affected the South, seeing as they were 9,000% down, while the North felt an 80% increase |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The North experienced an economic BOOM during the Civil War: ___________ and ___________ made fortunes, and the _________ class was first developed during this time |
|
Definition
Manufacturers and businessmen,
millionaire |
|
|
Term
| New machienery benefitted the North: Standardized sizes of ________ were born, ___________ were able to harvest bountiful crops, and _____ was discovered in PA |
|
Definition
clothes,
Mechanical reapers,
oil |
|
|
Term
| Women took new roles too, sometimes filling in for men when they were absent at their ______, and some even posed as men in order to _________ and ________ in the war |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Women also prominently helped the healthcare related positions: Elizabeth _____________ was the first female doctor. Clara _______ (founded the Red Cross), Dorothea ____, and Sally ________ elevated the nursing professions. |
|
Definition
Blackwell,
Barton,
Dix,
Tompkins |
|
|
Term
| The Battle of Bull Run (in _____) is important because it shattered the expectations of a "Ninety Day War" for both forces. Neither side was properly prepared for this battle. Initially, the Union force of 30,000 men led by Lincoln understood this, so they hoped to attack a smaller southern force. The battle went back and forth, however General Thomas "_________" Jackson's men (for the _____) won the battle. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The Battle of Bull Run had a major effect on both troops: For the North, it showed them that they ______________. For the South, it gave them a false sense of ______ and _________. Because they expected an easy victory in the future of the war, many Southern soldiers ______ the ranks, and the number of _________ decreased. |
|
Definition
needed to prepare, and gear up for the long war ahead of them.
arrogance and confidence,
abandoned,
enlistments/volunteers |
|
|
Term
| _____________ was the first general for the Union army. He was known as the "__________" for his ability to organize and prepare, and it was his job to get the U.S. army ready for battle (AKA "The Army of the ________"). His weaknesses were that he never took ______, and always worried. Lincoln said that he had the "slows", and forced him to be an effective leader |
|
Definition
George McClellan,
"Young Nepoleon".
Potomac,
risks |
|
|
Term
| McClellan led an effort to invade __________, VA in 1862 (The capitol of the South). He believed the North could win the war simply by taking over the capital. This movement was known as the _____________. |
|
Definition
Richmond, VA
The Peninsula Campaign |
|
|
Term
| The Peninsula Campaign was the North's effort by sea, up the Yorktown peninsula, to Richmond VA. Robert E. Lee's counterattack to this was known as the ___________, where he forced McClellan's troops back to sea. It was a MAJOR win for the ______. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
After the Saven Day's Battles, Lincoln first began to make strides towards a ________ to free the slaves. More importantly, to create a FULL OUT WAR. Lincoln's plans of action to do so started to come to fruition: He decided to create _______ to block the Southern ports,
he decided to _________ at some point, Divide the South along the ___________, to march through ______ & __________, to once and for all capture the capitol of __________, and engage the enemy ANYWHERE ANYTIME. |
|
Definition
draft,
a naval blockade,
free,
Mississippi River,
Georgia and the Carolinas,
Richmond VA |
|
|
Term
| The Northern blockade had many leaks, because it was such a long coast to guard (_________ miles). The British could have easily broken the barrier, but didn't on account of their unsteadiness to join the war. (They told their shippers to "_______________"). "____________", or sneaking goods through the blockade, became very profitable because the scarcity of Southern goods ________ |
|
Definition
35,000 miles,
"break it at their peril",
"running the blockade",
raised prices |
|
|
Term
| Northern "blockade busters" were established to stop the "blockade runners", and they would board ships for inspection. If the goods were believed to be going to the South, they were ______ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The South's only real resistance to the Northern blockade came with the ___________, which was an ironclad (heavily armored with iron and thus protected from cannonball fire). It destroyed ___ union ships. The Northern troops responded with their own ironclad, the ___________. The two ships battled in 1862, and they officially transcended the standard for naval ships |
|
Definition
C.S.S. Merrimack,
2,
The Monitor, |
|
|
Term
| After the FIRST battle of Bull Run, Lincoln placed ________ as leader of the Union army. He talked a good game, claiming to only see the backs of his enemies in battle. He was terribly beaten at the SECOND Battle of Bull Run. After this, ___________ was once again put in charge. |
|
Definition
John Pope,
George McClellan |
|
|
Term
| THE MOST DECISIVE BATTLE OF THE CIVIL WAR WAS AT _____________, when Robert E. Lee decided to invade the North there. The reasons he decided to invade were: to perhaps lure the ________ to join the South, to draw the war out of VA for the upcoming _________ season, to boost Southern _______ and likewise hurt the North's _______, and to perhaps gain greater _______ support for the South |
|
Definition
Antietam, MD
Border States,
harvest season,
morale,
morale,
British |
|
|
Term
| Just prior to the fighting, Robert E. Lee's battle plans were lost, and recovered by the __________. This gave the North A GREAT _________. The South therefore lost the Battle of Antietam Creek in _____. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The Battle of Antietam Creek was pivotal! If the South was never so close to victory of the war preceeding the loss of this battle. The North's victory steered ______ and _______ to stay out of the war (aka aiding te south) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Following the Northern win at Antietam, it gave Lincoln the drive he needed in order to create the __________________ in September of 1862. Following this it wasn't until _______ when Abraham Lincoln created the official Emancipation Proclamation |
|
Definition
Preliminary Emancipation Proclamation,
January 1, 1863 |
|
|
Term
| The Emancipation Proclamation gave the North a large increase in _________, and it also officially declared that the North was out to ____________ AS WELL AS unify the nation. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The Emancipation proclamation was mainly a symbolic win more than anything. It didn't free slaves in _________, only slaves in the South because Lincoln was afraid of evoking conflict that would cause them to join the South. The proposed effects of the proclamation wouldn't go into effect unless __________. Lincoln didn't really have the _________ to end slavery because the Constitution favored it. THIS FACT is the reason following the war we created the _____________ which effectively freed the slaves because the proclamation couldn't handle THAT JELLY (*cough BEYONCE's too bootylicious for Abe*) |
|
Definition
Border States,
The NOrth won the war,
authority,
13th amendment |
|
|
Term
| An immediate effect of the Emancipation Proclamation was trouble brewin' in the North. __________ increased, and in the 1862 congressional elections many Northerners voted against the established administration because they DID NOT want a full out "_____________". MEANWHILE IN THE SOUTH they believed that Lincoln was trying to cause a full out _____________ |
|
Definition
Deserters/desertions,
slave war,
slave rebellion |
|
|
Term
| In the early years of the war, Black people weren't allowed to join the army. Soon that changed in the North, (eventually in the South). In the North, African Americans eventually made up __% of the army. They joined in order to show _________ and to seemingly "earn" their __________. In the South, often they would murder or lynch captured black hostages, (KNOW THIS -->) a PRIME EXAMPLE being the black men that were killed following their surrender at _____________. It wasn't until the South was REAL desperate in ______ that they started allowing blacks to fight for them. Before that, Southern blacks maintained the _______ while their masters were away fighting |
|
Definition
10%,
manhood,
citizenship,
Fort Pillow,
1864,
farmlands |
|
|
Term
| George McClellan abandoned his post officially before the Battle of Gettysburg because he didn't think he could handle the pressure of leading the Northern army. So, Lincoln replaced him with _______________ (AKA SIDEBURNS MCGEE AKA THE GREATEST MAN IN HISTORY) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| After Gen E.E. Burnside was defeated at Fredericksburg, VA Lincoln made ________ the leader of the Union army. However, due to an injury he passed away and then ___________ then became the leader of the Union army |
|
Definition
Joeseph Hooker,
George Meade |
|
|
Term
| The Battle of Gettysburg was a battle that lasted ___ days in the year _____. IT WAS THE MOST IMPORTANT TURNING POINT IN THE WAR BECAUSE IT SIGNIFIED...The South was winning at first, but then the North overcame them when Lee poorly led 15,000 troops across an open field (KNOWN AS "____________") |
|
Definition
3,
1863,
...IT SIGNIFIED the depletion of the Southern army, and how from that point on the South was doomed//the South would never be attacking the North, but rather on the defensive
Pickett's Charge |
|
|
Term
| The Northern win at Gettysburg marked the "two year clock" to the end of the war. It broke the back of the South. Following the win at Gettysburg was ___________, the famous speech by Abraham Lincoln that boosted _______, rallied the _______, and assert that the men lost hadn't died in vain. |
|
Definition
The Gettysburg Address,
Northern morale, troops |
|
|
Term
| Lincoln was finally able to find a successful, strong leader for the North in ____________, who had won multiple battles: In 1862 he captured Fort McHenry and Fort Donelson. This was a big deal because it ended up keeping ________ apart of the Union. His BIG BREAK was at __________, MS where he circled the city and was able to capture the capital of Jackson, MS as well as _________. |
|
Definition
Ulysses Simpson Grant,
Kentuckey,
Vickburg, MS
Vicksburg, |
|
|
Term
| The win in Vicksburg came a day after Gettysburg. These big wins for the North had large effects: It quelled Northern agitation in the ________ Valley, which had previously been dealing with the South tampering with the ___________ river and preventing a little bit of trade. It also tipped the diplomatic scales towards the _______, and therefore caused Britain to back off from the Southern effort. |
|
Definition
Ohio River Valley,
Mississippi River,
North |
|
|
Term
| Gen. ______________ was put in charge of trying to divide the South. He led a "March to Sea", where he spread out his many troops and burnt down ____________. He destroyed farms, railroads, everything in his path. He declared "total war", meaning... |
|
Definition
William Sherman,
Atlanta, GA,
...it meant that even civilian homes were to be destoryed |
|
|
Term
| Lincoln didin't have complete support in the North. Led by ___________, (the Sec. of the Treasury) the growing "_______________" who believed that Lincoln wasn't doing enough to win the war or help the black community created the _______________ in 1861 in order to steer Lincoln towards total emancipation |
|
Definition
Salmon Chase,
Radical Republicans,
the Congressional Committee in the Conduct of War, |
|
|
Term
Northern Democrats split during the war: There were "War Democrats" that... and "Peace Democrats" that...
More extreme "Peace Democrats" were known as __________, and they peaked in 1863 following the Emancipation Proclamation. The most famous Copperhead was ______________. |
|
Definition
"War Democrats" supported Lincoln and the war...
"Peace Democrats" strongly despised the war, and Lincoln's efforts (they said he led a "NIgger War"...
Copperheads,
Clement V. |
|
|
Term
| The election of 1864 was between Abe Lincoln and _________, who was the Democratic candidate. _________ were the largest force against Lincoln in the election. Lincoln was able to prevail on account of his creation of the ________ party, which combined Republican with War Democrats. |
|
Definition
George McClellan,
Copperheads,
Union |
|
|
Term
Ulysses S. Grant was able to lead the North to a decisive victory. He was willing to take more risks, because he knew...
In 1865, Robert E. Lee surrendered to Gen. grant at the ________________ in VA (following the capture of the Southern capital of Richmond VA) |
|
Definition
that he could risk twice as many casualties, and that the South could not sustain fighting as long as he could...
Appomattox Courthouse |
|
|
Term
| Only a few days after the South's surrender, Abe Lincoln was assassinated by ______________. He instantly became a _______ for dying so soon after winning the war and freedom of the slaves. The South was glad to be rid of Lincoln, but things would prove _________ without him. Beyond that, it also increased bitterness in the North |
|
Definition
John Wilkes Booth,
martyr,
harder |
|
|
Term
| The effects of the Civil War as a whole: (bad) The war cost ___________ lives, ___ billion dollars, and physically destroyed the _______. (good) It proved the _________ of the U.S., resulted in the end of _______, and set up the U.S. to prove to be a ___________. |
|
Definition
600,000 lives,
15 billion dollars,
South,
resilience,
slavery,
world-power |
|
|
Term
| The Ponetoc Army was the last great force of the Union that was purposefully sent to guard __________ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Following the Civil War, newly freed slaves, or "______________" were in a predicament. First of all, slaveowners tried to prevent the freedom of their slaves by _________ or _________. However, some of the free black men took their new found freedom as an excuse to take out their frustrations on whites by ___________ or _________. |
|
Definition
freedmen,
hunting them down/killing them,
or taking legal action,
pillaging previous owner's homes or whipping their previous owner |
|
|
Term
| ________ became a pillar in the establishing free black community, as churches doubled or quadrupled in size (The A.M.E. Church, and the Black baptist Church) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The _____________ was an early form of welfare meant to help the newly freedmen that were unskilled. It was ran by O.O. Howard, and honestly WASN'T successful. It's only success was that it increased _________. It was disliked by Southerners and Andrew Johnson |
|
Definition
Freedmen's Bureau,
literacy |
|
|
Term
| ___________ succeeded Abraham Lincoln when he was assassinated. He was the ONLY Southern congressmen to not succeed from the Union, which was the reason he was placed on the ballot (In order to attract _________ and __________). |
|
Definition
Andrew Johnson,
War-Democrats and pro-southerners |
|
|
Term
| Before his assassination, Lincoln developed the "__________" plan for reconstruction, in which the state would be admitted back to the union if __% of the population took an oath of loyalty and to respect emancipation |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Republicans disagreed against the Ten Percent Plan, because they believed... they wanted to punish the Southern States. They worried that being too easy on them would lead to _________. In response, the Republicans proposed the __________ Bill in 1864. It required __% of the population to take the same oath from the Ten Percent Plan. In the end, Lincoln vetoed this new bill. THE DISPUTE enlightened the fact that while Lincoln believed the South never truly succeeded, Republicans believed they had and therefore _______ NEEDED to establish harsh rules for re-admittance. |
|
Definition
they believed it was going to easy on the Southern states,
re-enslavement of blacks,
Wade-Davis Bill,
50%,
Congress |
|
|
Term
| In 1865, Andrew Johnson proposed his _______________. In which, he basically copied the ideas of the Ten Percent Plan, however with a few additions: First, it stipulated that Confederates were going to be ____________ (although, it wasn't effective because he granted many pardons). Second, special ________ were called in order to see that __________ ordinances needed to be repealed. Third, Confederate ______ would be repudiated (refused). FInally, the states must consent to the __th amendment. |
|
Definition
Reconstruction Proclamation,
disenfranchised,
state conventions,
secession ordinances,
debts,
13th amendment |
|
|
Term
| In order to try and maintain a secure work force, the South (with support of Andrew Johnson) passed the __________, in which they tried to formally tie slaves to owners. They were contracts that specifically tied a worker to their owner for a certain amount of time, and it varied in ________ from state to state. Breaking the contract was punishable by fines...sometimes "___________" were hired to find workers that left. The codes were also discriminitory in that they prevented blacks from serving on ______, buying _______, and allowed them to be punished for "idleness". THE LIFE OF AFRICAN AMERCIANS HARDLY CHANGED after the Civil War because of these codes, which enraged much of the North |
|
Definition
Black Codes,
severity,
"Negro Catchers",
juries,
land, |
|
|
Term
| In response to the Black Codes, the Congress tried to pass the __________ Bill that would grant citizenship to freed blacks and undercut the Black Codes. However, Andrew Johnson vetoed this. Eventually, Congress would pass this as the 14th Amendment |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Congress planned to pass the Civil Rights Bill as the 14th amendment. They passed it, and sent it to the states to approve. It's provisions were: 1) Civil rights and ________ for freedmen 2) To cut congressional _______ if blacks weren't allowed to vote 3) _________ confederate leaders from office 4) Guaranteeing the _________ debt |
|
Definition
citizenship,
representation,
Disqualify,
federal |
|
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Term
| Radical Republicans were upset that ____________________ was not included in the fourteenth amendment, but were sure that southern states needed to approve it in order to be let back into the union |
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Definition
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Term
| Andrew Johnson made "___________" speeches in 1866 when the elections were happening. His methods during the election season aided his opponents and congressional reconstruction ideas. (ANDREW JOHNSON AND CONGRESS WERE ALWAYS BUTTING HEADS) |
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Definition
| round the circle speeches |
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Term
| Congress passed the ______________ in 1867. It would divide the SOuth into 5 different military districts, and Union soliders would be stationed in each to make sure _________. It also made rules for states to be admitted back into the union: They must accept _________ and guarantee _________. |
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Definition
Reconstruction Act,
everything stayed under control,
the 14th amendment and guarantee black suffrage |
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Term
| Radical Republicans still worried that if black suffrage was granted through their Reconstruction Act, it could later be broken. SO they established the ___________ which guaranteed black suffrage in 1870 |
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Definition
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Term
| Women put their campaigns on hold to support the black rights movement. However, with the adoption of the ____,____, and ____ amendments, women were outraged over the first use of "males" in the Constitution being the only ones referred to as citizens. |
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Definition
| 13th, 14th, and 15th amendments |
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Term
| Elizabeth Stanton and Susan B. Anthony fought against the __th amendment specifically for it's use of "males". Frederick Douglass fought for women's rights, but disagreed with their overall actions because he believed it was, "____________" |
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Definition
14th amendment,
The Negro's Hour |
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Term
| With all of the controversy, blacks began to organize through the ________, which was basically a web of clubs. In it, blacks were given civic duties, built churches, supported _______ efforts, problem solved, and developed a _________ against possible white retaliation. |
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Definition
Union League,
Republican efforts,
black militia |
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Term
| Despite changing times for African Americans, women still lagged behind. However, they took part in ___________ votes and took charge hosting events and ________. |
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Definition
informal votes,
fundraisers |
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Term
| Between the year 1868 and 1876, ___ black congressmen and ____ black senators were elected. ____________ was the first black U.S. Senator |
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Definition
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Term
| "__________" were whites that were sympathetic towards the North, and Southern whites accused them of betrayal. "_________" were Northerners that moved South after the war. They were often seen as meddlesome Yankees, no matter how innocent |
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Definition
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Term
| The Ku Klux Klan began in the year ____. They thrived on fear- masking themselves and the horses they rode on. They threatened blacks, burnt crosses, and famously lynched and murdered blacks. Many _______ and _________ joined the Ku Klux Klan to have something to do. It was an effective group |
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Definition
1866,
cutthroats and bandits |
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Term
| The Ku Klux Klan inspired the ________ Acts of 1870 and 1871, which were specifically meant to stop them. However, the Klan still thrived |
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Definition
| Force Acts of 1870 and 1871 |
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Term
| To ___________ blacks, whites started LITERACY TESTS to prevent them from voting. They aslo established "understanding clauses" and "grandfather clauses", which... |
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Definition
disenfranchise,
which allowed those illiterate rights who could understand something read to them/had a grandfather that could vote, enabled them to vote. ALL of thos while they denied this loophols to black americans to allow them to vote |
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Term
| The Radical Republicans in Congress planned to impeach Andrew Johnson by enacting the ___________ Act (which stated that he needed the Senate's approval to fire anybody). The main purpose of the act was to SAVE THE JOB OF EDWIN STANTON, who was a _______ for the radical republicans. If Johnson allowed Stanton to stay, Congress would let him stay. If he fired Stanton, they would impeach him. |
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Definition
Tenure of Office Act,
Radical Republican Spy. |
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Term
| Andrew JOhnson was saved from impeachment by ____ vote(s). His attorneys in his impeachment trials argued he fired Stanton on belief that the Tenure of Office Act was ___________. Fears of creating _________, political _______, and a ______ successor to Johnson (Ben Wade) also allowed Johnson to avoid being impeached |
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Definition
ONLY ONE VOTE,
unconstitutional,
instability, factors, and a despised successor |
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Term
| The one success from Andrew Johnson's presidency was the ______________ in 1867. Led by Secretary of the Treasury, William Seward, this purchase was made for ____ million. While at the time of the purchase, it was known as "____________", it proved to be beneficial on the discovery of gold and oil. At the time of the purchase, Americans made fun of it, although didn't reject the purchase on account of they wanted to avoid ___________, and there were rumors (later proved) that fur, fish, and gold could be found in abundance. |
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Definition
The purchase of Alaska from Russia,
7.2 million dollars,
"Seward's Folly",
insulting Russia (an ally), |
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Term
| In the 1868 presidential election, the Republican candidate was ____________, while the disorganizes Democrats nominated Horatio Seymour. |
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Definition
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Term
Republicans (and Grant) believed his military background would lead him to victory. During the campaign, his main technique was to "wave the bloody flag" which meant that he...
He won the election |
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Definition
| often showed off and exploited his military success to voters |
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Term
| During Grant's presidency, there was a lot of corruption: Jim Fisk and Jay Gould almost got away with a scam to take control of ____________ in 1869. In NYC, Boss Tweed ran a local political district called _________ in which he took bribes and rigged elections to hold power. Thomas Nast was a cartoonist for the _________ that exposed Boss Tweed WHICH RESULTED IN HIS PROSECUTION |
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Definition
the entire gold market,
Tammany Hall,
New York Times |
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Term
| Underneath Grant's administration was further scandal: The Credit Moblier Scandal allowed the Union Pacific Railroad to ________ as they were creating the transcontinental railroad. A "______________" stole millions in excise tax revenues from the treasury. The Secretary of _____, William Belknap was caught swindling 24,00 in trades with Indians |
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Definition
pay themselves double as they...
"Whiskey Ring",
Sec. of War |
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Term
| In the 1872 elections, many Americans were upset over the corruption in "_________" AKA the Grant administration, so the _____________ party was created to elect a responsible leader. They elected Horace Greely. Although this party lost the election to Grant, they spooked congress into passing certain reforms: 1. An ________ act was created to lift restrictions placed on many southerners, 2. _________ were reduced, 3. to ________ the Grant administration |
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Definition
Grantism,
Liberal-Republican Party,
amnesty,
tarriff rates,
wipe out |
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Term
| The Panic of 1873 was created by __________ and ____________, all triggered by industrialization of factories and railroads |
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Definition
| over-speculation and too-easy credit |
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Term
| The recession greatly hit __________. To repare their problems, they hoped for ___________ (AKA "greenbacks") to be printed in order to create inflation and thus make it easier to pay off debts. THIS STRATEGY was known as "___________ policies" |
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Definition
debtors,
paper money,
soft/cheap money policies |
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Term
| opposing soft money policies, were the _________ who supported hard money policies. They believed increasing inflation would be unfair. |
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Definition
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Term
| Grant supported HARD MONEY, and therefore vetoed a bill to print more money. He rather passed the _________ act which actually 1) lowered the number of _________ in circulation, and 2) _______ paper money at face value starting in 1878 |
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Definition
Resumption Act,
greenback,
redeemed |
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Term
| Following Grant's lead, the nation entered a period of "___________", which decreased the amount of paper money in circulation. While it didn't help the recession, it DID ________________. The effect of hard money policies were... 1) The ___________ took control over the H.O.R. and the _____________ Party was created in order to re-etablish cheap money policies |
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Definition
contraction,
raise the value of the dollar,
Democrats,
Greenback Labor Party |
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Term
(REWIND//BIG IDEAS) Throughout Andrew Johnson's terms, there was a CONSTANT power struggle between CONGRESS and JOHNSON/SOUTHERNERS:
1) As Congress passed the 13th amendment that Johnson agreed to, the South created...
2) As Congress passed the Civil RIghts Act to go against the Black Codes, two things happened...
3) As Congress moves past the veto to establish the 14th amendment and therefore suffrage for black americans...
4) As Congress passes the Military Reconstruction Act of 1867...
5) When the political strategy of "waving the bloody shirt" is used to move past Johnson's ways...
6) As Congress sets a trap for Johnson with the Tenure of Office Act...
7) In trial as the H.O.R. tries to impeach Johnson, in the end... |
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Definition
1: The South created the "Black Codes"
2: Johnson vetoed the Civil Rights Act, and the South created the KKK
3: As the 14th amendment was established, Johnson's campaigning against the Republicans ("round the circle") backfires on him (YET HE STILL WON)
4: As the Military Construction Act was passed, Johnson ended up VETOING IT
5: The South takes strides with literacy tests and loopholes for whites to prevent black voters
6: Johnson takes the bait and fires Stanton
7: Johnson maintains the presidency with his defense on top of political pressures, which enabled him to be one vote away from being impeached |
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