Term
| what are the characteristics of the spanish colonial enterprises? |
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Definition
by monarchy
wide use of name labor
few immigrants
found gold/silver |
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Term
| what did the europeans bring with them when they arrived in the americas? |
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Definition
| diseases, want for gold, new crops, & livestock |
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Term
| why did intrest in colonization grow in england? |
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Definition
| growth of mercantilism, increasing populization, decreasing food supply |
|
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Term
| what are the principles of mercantilism? |
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Definition
| successful nations should export their own goods in exchange for gold & silver |
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Term
| when did virginia begin to prosper? |
|
Definition
communal system of labor to private ownership of land
(tobacco) |
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Term
| what was bacon's rebellion? |
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Definition
began as a fight between indians and frontiersmen over western lands
pilgrims were less hostile |
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Term
| how did the pilgrims of plymouth plantation benefit from their relationship with the indians? |
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Definition
| settled on land already cleared by natives; natives were too weak to cause trouble; few showed them how to gather food & crops |
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Term
| why were early settlers in georgia resentful? |
|
Definition
wanted slaves
representative government
didn't like strict rules |
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Term
| what were the characteristics of early colonial life in north america? |
|
Definition
| they had a native population that outnumbered europeans |
|
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Term
| what were the characteristics of the african slave trade? |
|
Definition
captains believed slaves death was inevitable
female slaves raped
middle passage dark & disgusting |
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Term
| describe the economy of northern colonies. |
|
Definition
industrial activities
several extraction industries
home industries |
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Term
| what was the witch craft hysteria in salem a reflection of? |
|
Definition
| reflecion of economy strains within a community |
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Term
| what factors encouraged the colonies to work together? |
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Definition
| seacoast, roads, trades, postal services, believed trade with britain was beneficial |
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Term
| what did the effects of the french & indian war have on the post war world? |
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Definition
| war effort, gave american soliders a profound contempt for britain regulars, declined power in natives, declined power in the ohio valley |
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Term
| why did the stamp act congress petition the king & parliament to repeal the stamp act? |
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Definition
| believed that only colonial assemblies could place taxes on the colonies |
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Term
| what ideas did americans of the 1770s base their opposition to the british on? |
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Definition
| all of the acts that the british imposed |
|
|
Term
| what ideas did the declaration of independence contain? |
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Definition
| indictment against king, idea that all men are created equal, statement on contract theory of government, beliefs influenced french revolution |
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Term
| what advantages did the americans have over the british during the revolution? |
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Definition
| familiar gound, british people half stippened war,british had long supply of comunication lines bc america inspired more commitment |
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Term
- During the final phase of the American Revolution, between early 1778 and late 1783, the fighting of the British forces resulted in what?
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Definition
| british forces moving their major efforts in the south, forces moving down their major efforts |
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Term
| what did the land ordinances of 1785 & 1787 create? |
|
Definition
| surveying/selling west land, abolished slavery north of the ohio river |
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|
Term
| what was the great compromise? |
|
Definition
| lower house based on population, slaves countered equal number in upper house slave labor, which wasn't as productive as free labor |
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Term
| why was the tenth amendment to the US constitution significant to the distribution of power? |
|
Definition
| reserved to the states & the people; all powers weren't specifically developed to the federal government |
|
|
Term
| the antifederalists argued that the constitution had what faults? |
|
Definition
| too strong national government; didn't list natural citizens rights; wealthy intrests over common people; taxations were too broad |
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|
Term
| what consequences did jay's treaty of 1794 have? |
|
Definition
| avoided war w britain; gave us soverignty over northwest; established commercial relationship w britain |
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|
Term
| how did aaron burr's trial for treason end? |
|
Definition
| acquittal (wasn't charged) |
|
|
Term
| why is marbury v madison significant? |
|
Definition
| court forced a member of executive branch to confirm federal laws |
|
|
Term
| what action did jefferson take as a result of his trouble with the barbary coast of north africa? |
|
Definition
| built a navy & war was started |
|
|
Term
| what did the rise of the industrial revolution lead to? |
|
Definition
| rise in the standard of living for working class, development of middle class, difficulty for workers adapting in the new world |
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|
Term
| what did state banks do when the charter of the bank of the united states expired in 1811? |
|
Definition
| issued bank notes that circulated as money |
|
|
Term
| what issue was raised with the 1819 application by missouri for admission to the union? |
|
Definition
| opposition to slavery on moral grounds, balance of power between the north & south. economic competition between plantation & free labor system |
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|
Term
| how did the supreme court rule in the case of gibbons v ogden? |
|
Definition
| strengthened power of congress to regulate interstate commerce |
|
|
Term
| why was the monroe doctrine developed? |
|
Definition
| fear that britain would seize cuba & growing nationalism in the US. |
|
|
Term
| what principle is the theory of nullification based on? |
|
Definition
| individual laws may call federal laws unconstitutional |
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|
Term
| what functions did the bank of the united states perform? |
|
Definition
| credit, bank notes, medium of exchange |
|
|
Term
| what was the democratic party's philosophy based on in jacksonian america? |
|
Definition
| antielitism & egalitarianism |
|
|
Term
| what was a problem the whig party faced in the 1830's? |
|
Definition
| president william henry harrison died, tyler succeeded & whig party didn't have strong ties to him |
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|
Term
| much of the population increase of the 1820s was a result of? |
|
Definition
| slow decline in mortality rate |
|
|
Term
| what was a result of the development of canals? |
|
Definition
| increased settlement in northwest |
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|
Term
| what was working conditions of the early lowell of waltham system used the textile mills? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what was the social status of women in the mid-1800s? |
|
Definition
| nothing, they worked in factories |
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|
Term
| what enhanced the growth of cotton as the major crop for the south? |
|
Definition
| success of short staple cotton |
|
|
Term
| what were the characteristics of the southern planter class? |
|
Definition
| dominated the political, economy social life of religion |
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|
Term
| why did slaves often dislike serving as household servants on large plantations? |
|
Definition
| seen more often, more likely to get punished, under more scrutiny |
|
|
Term
| what did the slave codes do? |
|
Definition
| prohibited slaves from having legal rights - required courts to take action against only major crimes - harsh punishments for crimes by slaves - restricted congregation of slaves |
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|
Term
| what were the characteristics of the antebellum feminists? |
|
Definition
| active in reform movement |
|
|
Term
| what were the transcedentalists? |
|
Definition
| called for the use of emotion & intuition to go beyond the confines of understanding |
|
|
Term
| what was the cultural nationalism of the american itellectuals of the 1800s? |
|
Definition
| celebrated the uniqueness of american democratic spirit |
|
|
Term
| during the 1800s, what did the members of the temperance movement agree almost unanimously on? |
|
Definition
| absitence should promote the moral self improvement |
|
|
Term
| what did the supporters of the manifest destiny agree on? |
|
Definition
| americans had a god given right to expand their superior civilization into new territory |
|
|
Term
| what were the provisions of the treaty of guadalupe hidalgo? |
|
Definition
| mexicans acknowledged rio grande as the border - the US paid 15 million - mexico ceded new mexico to the US |
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|
Term
| what was the compromise of 1850? |
|
Definition
| became a law after senator douglas manuevered it through congress |
|
|
Term
| what were the provisions of the kansas-nebraska act? |
|
Definition
| repealed anti slavery provision. |
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|
Term
| what were the provisions of the crittenden compromise? |
|
Definition
| kept slavery in D.C. Con. amd. to guarantee slavery in current slave states. missouri compromise established prohibition of slavery in the north |
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|
Term
| why was the emancipation proclamation significant? |
|
Definition
| established the elimination of slavery as a justicfication for the war - eventually freed thousands of slaves - helped to provide black volunteers for army |
|
|
Term
| what were the union's objectives in the civil war? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what policy did great britain adopt during the american civil war? |
|
Definition
| remaining neutral while permitting aid to the confederates |
|
|
Term
| what would lincoln not allow when the confederate armies surrendered? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| how did republican congress respond to the establishment of black codes in the south? |
|
Definition
| extending life of freedmen's bureau |
|
|
Term
| what did the supporters of greenbacks want? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| how did post-reconstruction industry in the south compare to before the civil war? |
|
Definition
| far surpassed that of the years before the war. |
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