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APUSH Terms
Terms
50
History
11th Grade
09/17/2015

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Term
General Court
Definition
Early representative legislature in Massachusetts that exiled Anne Hutchinson
Term
John Winthrop
Definition
Founder of the Massachusetts Bay Colony, described Massachusetts as being a "city upon a hill"
Term
Restoration Colonies
Definition
Given to proprietors because King Charles II owed them for their support of his cause in the English Civil Wars, NY, NJ, PENN
Term
Leisler's Rebellion
Definition
Leisler captured NY Harbor after hearing of Glorious Revolution but was screwed over
Term
Navigation Acts
Definition
Acts put into place by British to promote mercantilism, restricted trade, enumerated goods
Term
Quaker
Definition
Believed in the doctrine of the Inner Light, rejected formal ministry, held meetings at which any member may speak
Term
Half-Way Covenant
Definition
System in New England, let people who were born of baptized parents be baptized even if parents weren't saints, lessened Puritan power
Term
Dominion of New England
Definition
British upset over colonists disobeying navigation acts, made super-state with NE, NY, NJ
Term
Bacon's Rebellion
Definition
In Virginia Nathaniel Bacon wanted to keep raiding Indians, Governor Berkeley called him back but Bacon drove Berkeley out of Virginia
Term
Enlightenment
Definition
17th Century intellectual movement, moved away from faith toward science, influenced by John Locke and Descartes and Benjamin Franklin
Term
Great Awakening
Definition
Religious revitalization movement, focused on emotion, revivalist preachers included Johnathan Edwards and George Whitefield
Term
Albany Congress
Definition
Albany New York: representatives from 7 colonies met 150 Iroquois chiefs, to try to secure the support of Iroquois in fighting French, and to form a colonial alliance proposed by Benjamin Franklin
Term
French and Indian War
Definition
Known as Seven Years' War, French expansion into British Ohio River Valley led to conflict, William Pitt promised money
Term
Writs of Assistance
Definition
legal document that enabled British officers to search homes and warehouses for goods that might be smuggled
Term
Stamp Act
Definition
British Act in 1765: all official documents had to have a British stamp, internal tax
Term
Townshend Acts
Definition
imposed duties on glass, lead, paints, paper and tea imported into the colonies, eventually all but tea tax repealed, named after Chancellor Townshend
Term
Tea Act
Definition
Britain taxed tea to save East India Company, colonists began to boycott, led to Boston Tea Party
Term
"Common Sense"
Definition
pamphlet written by Thomas Paine in 1775–76 that inspired people in the Thirteen Colonies to declare and fight for independence from Great Britain
Term
Second Continental Congress
Definition
After Lexington, John Dickinson created Olive Branch Petition and second congress created a continental army led by Washinton
Term
Saratoga
Definition
Turning point in war, General Horatio Gates beat General John Burgoyne, convinced French that Americans could win
Term
Treaty of Paris of 1783
Definition
signed on September 3, 1783, ended the American Revolutionary War between Great Britain on one side and the United States of America and its allies on the other.
Term
Articles of Confederation
Definition
First written Constitution of US, Congress could make treaties and send representatives but not levy taxes and regulate commerce
Term
Newburgh Conspiracy
Definition
Instigated by Robert Morris and Alexander Hamilton. Secretly persuaded officers to threaten coup d'etat to help pass tax act. Put down by George Washington
Term
Northwest Ordinance
Definition
Allowed states into Union. After 5000 adult males lived there they created a legislature to pass laws. After population reached 60,000 voters created a constitution which Congress would ratify
Term
Shay's Rebellion
Definition
1786 and 1787 by American farmers against state and local enforcement of tax collections and judgments for debt. Led by Daniel Shay trying to shut down courts in Massachusetts
Term
Republican Motherhood
Definition
idea linked to republicanism that elevated the role of women. It gave them the role as the keepers of the nation's conscience rootsfrom the idea that a citizen should be to his country as a mother is to her child.
Term
Federalist Papers
Definition
James Madison wrote eighty-five letters written to newspapers in the late 1780s to urge ratification of the U.S. Constitution.
Term
Anti-Federalists
Definition
Group that opposed ratification of Constitution. Included James Winthrop, made up mainly of farmers
Term
Bill of Rights
Definition
First 10 Amendments to the Constitution that limited government power and protected the rights of the individual
Term
Judiciary Act of 1789
Definition
Congress created a Supreme Court but also created individual federal district courts which kept the opposition quite
Term
Federal Naturalization Law of 1790
Definition
First rules of the U.S. to grant natural citizenship, people could become citizens if they had "good moral character" and had lived in U.S for two years, only applied to free whites
Term
Hamilton's Reports
Definition
Plan to address the revolutionary war debt, proposal to charter a bank, & recommendation for government to promote industry.
Term
Jay's Treaty
Definition
said that Britain was to pay for Americans ships that were seized in 1793. It said that Americans had to pay British merchants debts owed from before the revolution and Britain had agreed to remove their troops from the Ohio Valley, no mention of impressment
Term
Pinckney Treaty
Definition
Spain recognized U.S. borders at the Mississippi and the 31st parallel (the northern border of Florida, granted Americans the right to deposit goods for transshipment at New Orleans.
Term
Whiskey Rebelion
Definition
Popular uprising of Whiskey distillers in southwestern Pennsylvania in opposition to an excise tax on Whiskey from Hamilton, put down by Washington
Term
XYZ Affair
Definition
Adams sent delegates to meet with French foreign minister Talleyrand in the hopes of working things out. Talleyrand's three agents told the American delegates that they could meet with Talleyrand only in exchange for a very large bribe.
Term
Election of 1800
Definition
Democratic Republican candidates Jefferson and Burr tie with 73 electoral votes each (Federalist candidate Adams gets 65); tie goes to House of Representatives; Hamilton hated Burr more, went to House and got more votes for Jefferson;
Term
Alien and Sedition Acts
Definition
Acts signed by Adams increased the waiting period of immigrants to 14 years and made it possible to deport Aliens with no evidence, people couldn't criticize government
Term
Kentucky and Virginia Resolutions
Definition
These stated that a state had the right to declare a law unconstiutional, or nullify a law, within its borders. These were written by Jefferson and Madison to resist the Alien and Sedition Acts
Term
Marbury vs. Madison
Definition
Marbury wanted to be in office, supreme court first asserted the power of Judicial review and discovered that it was unconstitutional for congressional statue to expand the Court's original jurisdiction.
Term
Louisiana Purchase
Definition
The U.S., under Jefferson, bought the Louisiana territory from France, under the rule of Napoleon, in 1803. The U.S. paid $15 million for the Louisiana Purchase
Term
Lewis and Clark Expedition
Definition
1804-1806 - Meriwether Lewis and William Clark were commissioned by Jefferson to map and explore the Louisiana Purchase region. Beginning at St. Louis, Missouri, helped by Sacajawea
Term
Yazoo Claims
Definition
Georgia legislature bribed by land companies from 1795 to 1803 by selling large tracts of land to insiders at low prices.
Term
Chesapeake-Leopard Affair
Definition
British ship Leopard attacked US Navy ship Chesapeake and seized deserters, enraged country but Jefferson went for peace
Term
Embargo of 1807
Definition
Forbade American ships from leaving the US, designed to make British and France accept US neutrality but failed because it hurt the economy and sucked
Term
Tecumseh
Definition
Shawnee chief who, along with his brother, Tenskwatawa, a religious leader known as The Prophet, worked to unite the Northwestern Indian tribes. The league of tribes was defeated by an American army led by William Henry Harrison at the Battle of Tippecanoe in 1811.
Term
Treaty of Ghent
Definition
Ended the War of 1812 and restored the status quo. For the most part, territory captured in the war was returned to the original owner. It also set up a commission to determine the disputed Canada/U.S. border.
Term
"American System"
Definition
Economic program advanced by Henry Clay that included support for a national bank, high tariffs, and internal improvements; emphasized strong role for federal government in the economy.
Term
Hartford Convention
Definition
New England merchants who opposed the Embargo and other trade restriction, and the War of 1812. They proposed some Amendments to the Constitution and advocated the right of states to nullify federal laws. Destroyed Federalist party
Term
Rush-Bagot Treaty
Definition
The Treaty demilitarized the Great Lakes and Lake Champlain, where many British naval armaments and forts still remained, and laid the basis for a demilitarized boundary between the US and British North America
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