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APUSH Midterm
Vocab
79
History
11th Grade
01/17/2012

Additional History Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
1607
Definition
Jamestown
Term
1776
Definition
Declaration of Independence
Term
1787
Definition
Constitution
Term
1803
Definition
Louisiana Purchase
Term
1861-1865
Definition
Civil War
Term
King George III
Definition
Leader of England during Revolution (tax tyrant)
Term
Thomas Jefferson
Definition
Wrote the Declaration of Independence, was the third president who was responsible for the Louisiana Purchase
Term
Thomas Paine
Definition
Activist writer, wrote Common Sense, a call to arms for the colonists to declare independence
Term
George Washington
Definition
First President of the United States, General of the Continental Army
Term
Articles of Confederation
Definition
1st American Constitution, 1776 wasn’t ratified till 1781. It didn’t work because it wasn’t a strong enough central government
Term
Lexington and Concord
Definition
First battle of the U.S. Revolution (Shot Heard Around the World)
Term
Saratoga
Definition
Big win in the Revolutionary War, caused US to gain momentum, helped french gain confidence in Americans winning making them want to give more money and not be worried about losing it
Term
Yorktown
Definition
Final war of the American Revolution
Term
Mayflower Compact
Definition
Constitution created on the Mayflower, First Constitution of the new land
Term
The Federalist Papers
Definition
Pushing for more national power, Alexander Hamilton, James Madison, John Jay. Persuade people to believe in the constitution and sign off on the constitution
Term
Elements of the U.S. Constitution
Definition
Republicanism - democracy of a republic/elected representatives
Checks and Balances - keeping all the different branches of government equal
Federalism - Divided power between central authority (the government) and the people.
Separation of Powers -Separation of state and legislative powers.
Popular Sovereignty -it is the belief that the government is run by the people, and that the people have the power in government.
Term
13th/14th/15th Amendments
Definition
13th freed the blacks, 14th made them citizens, 15th all men can vote.
Term
Civil War
Definition
From 1861-1865, the south attempted to secede from the north in an attempt to gain state’s rights versus a strong central government.
Term
Rights Guaranteed by the Bill of Rights
Definition
1- Press Assembly Petition Expression/Speech Religion (PAPER)

2- right to bear arms, state has right to militia

3- don't have to quarter soldiers in peacetime

4- right to privacy, need search warrant and probable cause

5- legal procedure (grand jury, due process, lawyer)

6- the right to a speedy and public trail

7- certain civil cases get a jury

8- no excessive bails or fines, no cruel or unusual punishment

9- Certain rights shall not be construed to deny or disparage others retained by the people

10- the powers not delegated to the United States by the constitution, nor prohibited by it to the states, are reserved to the states respectively, or to the people.
Term
Gilded Age
Definition
A post civil war age in which lobbyists, swindlers, and shady politicians were highly powerful but very criticized.
Term
Jim Fisk
Definition
Partner of Jay Gould in the big gold scandal where the two men tried to corner the gold market by using strategical methods of buying and selling stocks.
Term
Jay Gould
Definition
Spent over $2,500,000 in bribes and investments for the gold scandal
Term
Thomas Nast
Definition
Famous political cartoonist/exposed Boss Tweed
Term
Tweed Ring
Definition
District commissioner of New York, influence on immigration Corruption in NY
Term
Crédit Mobilier
Definition
Sold stocks to congressmen for discount prices to keep them quiet/Railroad scandal
Term
Compromise of 1877
Definition
A bargain made between democrats and Hayes after the election of 1876. This compromise allowed Hayes to take office as long as he withdrew troops from the south.
Term
James A. Garfield
Definition
20th president that was assassinated, Supported civil rights for African Americans, Proposed Pendleton Civil Service Reform Act
Term
Plessy V. Ferguson
Definition
Made the term "Seperate but Equal" legal, Whites still saw the colored people as inferior in the end
Term
Chinese Exclusion Act
Definition
An act passed that greatly restricted Chinese immigration to the United States due to the surge of Chinese immigrants who took too many US jobs.
Term
Alexander Graham Bell
Definition
Invented the telephone
Term
Thomas Edison
Definition
Invented the light bulb and many other items
Term
Andrew Carnegie
Definition
Steel boss, also the first person to implement the Bessemer's process into the refining of steel
Term
John D. Rockefeller
Definition
Founder of Standard Oil and richest man in American history. Used both vertical and horizontal integration along with the increasing demand of oil in America to increase his wealth exponentially.
Term
Social Darwinism
Definition
Theory of “survival of the fittest” developed by Charles Darwin.
Term
Gospel of Wealth
Definition
Book by Carnegie about philanthropy.
Term
Yellow Dog Contract
Definition
An agreement between an employee and an employer not to join a labor union.
Term
Haymarket Riot
Definition
Began as a rally in support of striking workers. An unknown person threw a dynamite bomb at police as they dispersed the public meeting. The bomb blast and ensuing gunfire resulted in the deaths of eight police officers, mostly from friendly fire, and an unknown number of civilians
Term
American Federation of Labor
Definition
Skilled professionals only
Term
Knights of Labor
Definition
Allowed almost anybody in
Term
Sitting Bull
Definition
Chief of Sioux. Pacifistic.
Term
George A. Custer
Definition
General that led his troops to death in the battle of Little Bighorn
Term
Chief Joseph
Definition
Leader of Nez Perce that was a strong humanitarian.
Term
Geronimo
Definition
Savage native Apache. Jumped off of a cliff, sparking a widespread chant to scream when jumping into a pool.
Term
Helen Hunt Jackson
Definition
Writer that became an activist for Native American rights in America.
Term
Battle of Wounded Knee
Definition
Arrows. Lots of arrows. Just kidding. Deadliest battle between Native Americans and US armed forces.
Term
Dawes Severalty Act
Definition
Adopted by Congress in 1887, authorized the President of the United States to survey Indian tribal land and divide the land into allotments for individual Indians
Term
Little Big Horn
Definition
A battle in 1876 between the Sioux Indians and the men of General Custer. Custer went in to the battle very overconfident and got his men slaughtered.
Term
Buffalo Soldiers
Definition
The original members of the U.S. 10th cavalry regiment. This name was given to them by the Native Amuricans because it consisted of all African American soldiers.
Term
Homestead Act
Definition
Allowed settlers to move west to unsettled land if they could improve the area under a contract (5 years)
Term
Sooner State
Definition
Oklahoma
Term
Safety Valve Theory
Definition
Funneled the unemployed into the western territories
Term
Theodore Roosevelt
Definition
After Mckinley was assassinated in 1901, Roosevelt took office and served two terms. Took a four year break and created the Bull Moose party to oppose Taft. (fat)
Term
William Howard Taft
Definition
Trust Buster and started dollar diplomacy which encouraged people to spend U.S currency in other countries.
Term
Jacob Riis
Definition
Wrote a book “How the Other Half Lives” about the poor people in places like NYC
Term
Henry Cabot Lodge
Definition
Republican Senator
Friends with Teddy
Term
William Jennings Bryan
Definition
Ran for president many times but never won
Term
Upton Sinclair
Definition
Wrote "The Jungle"
Term
John Schrank
Definition
Attempted an assassination on Teddy
Crazy
Term
Captain Alfred Mayhan
Definition
Had to have a strong Navy so you can control the waters. His book, The Influence of Sea Power Upon History came out in 1890, convinced US government to strengthen navy.
Term
William Randolph Hurst
Definition
New York Journal publisher, Yellow journalism problem during the conflict with Cuba.
Term
The Maine
Definition
The Maine Explosion

-an uprising in Havana (the Cuban capitol) showed how Spain wasn’t even in control of its own officials in cuba
-in response, President McKinley sent the battleship Maine to Havana Harbor to show concern over the crisis and to protect American citizens and property, if necessary
-Feb 15, the ship was exploded in Havana Harbor killing 260 American officers and crew.
Term
The Mystery of the Maine
Definition
-”Remember the Maine! To war with Spain!”
-many people thought Spain had blown up the ship, but there was no evidence to prove it
Term
J.P Morgan
Definition
Banking tycoon, art collector, and financer.
Term
Ida M. Tarbell
Definition
Yellow journalist
muckrakers
exposed Rockefeller and the Standard Oil Company
Term
Jane Adams
Definition
*Settlement House Movement (Hull House was her house)*
(a social reformer) remarked in “Why the Ward Boss Rules,” saying that laborers needed a job tended to vote for whichever boss promised to promote their application to employers
Appointed to board of education in 1905
Received the first honorary degree from Harvard as a woman.
First women to win the Nobel Peace Prize
Term
W. E. B. Dubois
Definition
Born into a middle class family, never a slave, Harvard grad with PhD, wanted equal rights, African Americans should work with other African American groups instead of white groups. founder of NAACP
Term
Eugene V. Debbs
Definition
American Labor Union Leader
Arrested for 3 months
Arrested again for 10 yrs
Term
John D. Rockefeller
Definition
Oil Tycoon
Standard Oil Company
Richest Man
Term
16th Amendment
Definition
Allows congress to collect an income tax
Term
17th Amendment
Definition
Allowed for the direct election of senators
Term
Roosevelt Corollary
Definition
Roosevelt’s addition to the Monroe Doctrine saying that America will step in on the behalf of Latin American countries and take their debt for them.
Term
Open Door Policy
Definition
Is a concept in foreign affairs, which usually refers to the policy in 1899 allowing multiple Imperial powers access to China, with none of them in control of that country.
Term
Boxer Rebellion
Definition
China kicked out all the foreigners because they got pissed
Term
The Great White Fleet
Definition
The fleet of ships America showed off to the world to show our power
Term
The Root-Takahira Agreement
Definition
1908 - Roosevelt settled a war between Japan and Russia
Term
Muckrackers
Definition
The term "muckraker" was used to refer in a general sense to a writer who investigates and publishes truthful reports to perform an auditing or watchdog function.
Term
Meat Inspection Act
Definition
1906 - United States Congress Act that worked to prevent adulterated or misbranded meat and meat products from being sold as food
Term
Pure Food and Drug Act
Definition
1906 - Foods have to tell the consumer what is in the food or drug
Term
Bull Moose Party
Definition
Teddy's progressive polictical party he started.
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