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APUSH - Exam Vocab
...
49
History
10th Grade
05/07/2008

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Cards

Term
Monroe Doctrine
Definition
The Americas were not open to further European colonization and Europe and the US would not interfere with each others' colonies
Term
"American System"
Definition
developed by Henry Clay - a protective tariff and consequently better transportation, to aid farmers
Term
spoils system
Definition
every individual had the power to run the government; support meant a position in government upon election
Term
Horace Mann
Definition
educational reformer 1837 - 1848
Term
Dorothea Dix
Definition
leader in the reform of prisons and asylums
Term
Missouri Compromise
Definition
Missouri would be admitted as a slave state, Maine would be admitted as a free state, balancing the House
Term
Compromise Tariff of 1833
Definition
The North pushed a high tariff through Congress and the South rejected it. A new tariff was negotiated.
Term
Compromise of 1850
Definition
California is admitted as a free state, the Fugitive Slave Law strengthened, Slave trade banned in DC
Term
Northwest Ordinance
Definition
No more than 5 and no less than 3 states could be formed from lands north of the Ohio River and east of the Mississippi and only when the population reached 60,000
Term
Gadsden Purchase
Definition
a small strip of land (Arizona, NM) purchased from Mexico in 1853 for railroad purposes
Term
Treaty of Guadalupe-Hidalgo
Definition
New Mexico and Upper California were ceded to the United States
Term
Wilmot Proviso
Definition
stated that there would be no slavery in territories gained from Mexico, failed in the Senate
Term
Free Soil Party
Definition
liked popular sovereignty, wanted to keep slavery out of the west
Term
Kansas-Nebraska Act
Definition
repealed the Missouri Compromise, each state could decide. Both sides sent settlers to Kansas and Nebraska to vote for them, caused "Bleeding Kansas."
Term
13th Amendment
Definition
abolished slavery in the United States
Term
14th Amendment
Definition
African Americans were made full citizens of the United States
Term
15th Amendment
Definition
gave blacks the right to vote
Term
16th Amendment
Definition
income tax
Term
American Federation of Labor
Definition
organized skilled workers according to their trade, led by Samuel Gompers, union activities
Term
Granger Movement
Definition
farmer group that fought railroad monopolies and encouraged economic balance
Term
Muckrakers
Definition
writers of the progressive movement - included Upton Sinclair, Ida Tarbell, Lincoln Steffens, and H.L. Mencken
Term
Interstate Commerce Act
Definition
set up fair rate schedules for railway freight and prohibited special rates for trusts and length of the haul
Term
Sherman Antitrust Act
Definition
aimed at breaking trusts, not enforced, failed
Term
Clayton Antitrust Act
Definition
broke trusts, established Federal Trade Commission to enforce it
Term
"Seward's Folly"
Definition
the purchase of Alaska from Russia for $7.2 million
Term
Treaty of Paris
Definition
marked the end of the Spanish-American War. Puerto Rico, Guam and the Philippines were ceded to the US, Cuba got independence, and the US paid $20,000,000 to Spain
Term
Open-Door Policy
Definition
all nations should have equal commercial trade rights in China
Term
Zimmerman Note
Definition
an intercepted note stating the Germany planned to urge Mexico to attack the United States
Term
Treaty of Versailles
Definition
End of WWI, surrender of German territory of France, Japan and etc. Europe, compensation from Germany, allied occupation in Germany, German guilt, and a league of nations
Term
"lost generation"
Definition
a group of writer and intellectuals disillusioned with the spirit of the twenties as a result of WWI
Term
Recovery
Relief
Reform
Definition
the three R's
Term
Works Progress Administration
Definition
fed gave employment to men on programs it initiated
Term
Agricultural Adjustment Act
Definition
reduced amount of crops planted to create artificial shortages and stimulate prices
Term
Tennessee Valley Authority
Definition
regulation of electricity and flooding in the Tennessee River Valley; much opposition because it smacked of socialism
Term
Wagner Act
Definition
guarded labor's right to organize and bargain through unions
Term
Manchuria
Definition
invaded by the Japanese and was annexed in 1931
Term
"Lend-Lease"
Definition
gave the president power to sell or lease war equipment to any country whose defense would help America, replaced a complete neutral policy
Term
Churchill, Roosevelt, Stalin, Jiang Jieshi, De Gaulle
Definition
Big Five
Term
Battle of the Bulge
Definition
Allies invaded the Normandy peninsula, Germans could not hold them off, lost the war
Term
Marshall Plan
Definition
gave money to countries whose economies had not yet recovered from World War II
Term
North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO)
Definition
the first U.S. peacetime military alliance, designed to block Communist expansion
Term
Aswan Dam
Definition
US and Britain offered to help Egypt build a dam, they changed their minds, and the Soviet Union stepped in and helped
Term
Eisenhower Doctrine
Definition
permitted the US to extend help to Middle Eastern countries that wanted it because they found Communism to be a threat
Term
Cuban Revolution
Definition
Castro took over, the US stopped diplomatic relations with Cuba
Term
Bay of Pigs
Definition
unsuccessful attempt by refugees and US to overthrow Castro
Term
Cuban Missile Crisis
Definition
Soviets tried to set up some missiles in Cuba, US found out and tried to stop it. Almost nuclear war, but the two worked it out
Term
detente
Definition
Nixon's policy dealing with the Cold War, gradually backing off
Term
Shuttle Diplomacy
Definition
Secretary of State Kissinger went to the Middle East to help in cease-fire agreements between Israel and Syria. Soviets tried to help out and sell arms too
Term
SALT II Agreement
Definition
limited the number of missiles held by the US and Soviet Union
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