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| Separatist vs non- separatist Puritans |
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| Radical Calvinists against the Church of England; Separatists (Pilgrims) argued for a break from the Church of England, led the Mayflower, and established the settlement at Plymouth |
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| believed to provide a shortcut from Atlantic to Pacific searched for by Giovanni de Verazzano for Francis I in the race to Asian wealth |
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| required of members of the Puritan Church; took the place of baptism required by the Baptist Church |
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| society naturally punishes criminals indiscriminately |
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| Protestant church led by king of England, independent of Catholic Church; tended toward Catholicism during reign of Catholic royalty |
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| often debtors sold to slave traders by African kings seeking riches; Columbian exchange |
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| first permanent English settlement int he Americas (1607), along James River |
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| introduced work ethic to Jamestown colony, sanitation, diplomat to local Native American tribes; fought Spanish and Turks |
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| key to English- Native American relationship, died in England in 1617 |
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| foundation for self-government laid out by the first Massachusetts settlers before arriving on land |
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| Calvinist, devised concept of "city on a hill" (:A Model of Christian Charity:); founded highly successful towns in Massachusetts Bay |
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| exemplary Christian community, rich to show charity, held to Calvinistic beliefs |
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| settlers to pay the expenses of a servant's voyage and be granted land for each person they brought over; headright system |
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| Maryland Act of Religious Toleration |
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| (1649) mandated the toleration of all Christian denominations in Maryland, even though Maryland was founded for Catholics (but majority was Protestant) |
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| reluctant to give colonists their own government, preferred to appoint royal governors |
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| William Penn and the Quakers |
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| settled in Pennsylvania, believed the "inner light" could speak through any person and ran religious services without ministers |
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| challenged New Englanders to completely separate Church from State, as the State would corrupt the Church |
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| challenged New England Calvinist minsters' authority, as they taught the good works for salvation of Catholicism |
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| New Englanders who did not wish to relate their conversion experiences could become half-way saints so that their children would be able to have the opportunity to be saints. |
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| rebels felt the governor of Virginia failed to protect the frontier from Native Americans |
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