Term
|
Definition
supported private relief to the poor
capitalist
"Hoovervilles" named after him because many couldn't afford necessities and created shantytowns |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Secretary of Treasury
said this was a normal part of boom and bust
Hoover disagreed w/ him, said we need to take action |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
supported crop prices
lent money to co operations for buying crops and keeping them off of the market |
|
|
Term
| Reconstruction Finance Corporation |
|
Definition
trickle down economics
Hoover's idea with Andrew Mellon, passed by Roosevelt
lent money to banks, insurance co.s, railroads and large companies
money was supposed to filter to the people at the bottom
complete failure
many of the places we put $ into went bankrupt |
|
|
Term
| Hawley-Smoot Tariff (1930) |
|
Definition
Raised taxes on imported foreign goods
weakened the economy by making it harder for foreign nations to sell in the US |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Repealed prohibition
Roosevelt |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
supported direct relief to the poor
hated deficit spending, but said it was a necessary evil
willing to experiment
Democrat
appealed to people of all classes |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Roosevelt's extension of cabinet
young lawyers and college professors helped him form the nat'l platform
said to place large businesses under government regulation
return purchasing power to blue-collar, middle class, and farmers
wanted to cut production |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
if demand is constant and supply is cut, price rises
producers make more profits and workers earn more |
|
|
Term
| Emergency Banking Relief Bill |
|
Definition
provided for the reopening of financially stable banks and the reorganization of those that weren't
prohibited export of gold
brings back belief in banks |
|
|
Term
| Agricultural Adjustment Act |
|
Definition
increases farmers' purchasing power by decreasing production
sharecroppers were forced off their land because they didn't need to farm
later ruled unconstitutional
beneficial short-term |
|
|
Term
| Civilian Conservation Corps |
|
Definition
job agency for men 18-25
worked in the environment
successful |
|
|
Term
| Federal Emergency Relief Act |
|
Definition
authorized $500 million in aid to state and local governments
relief to the poor/unemployed through jobs or giving money |
|
|
Term
| National Industrial Recovery Act |
|
Definition
"prime the pump"
established the PWA and NRA
put money into different areas to enhance economic recovery
job creation
cuttind down on cutthroat competition
ruled unconstitutional in '35 b/c it gave too much executive power and the competition practices were legal |
|
|
Term
| Public Works Administration |
|
Definition
to pump federal money into the economy
so that we could employ people, who spent money
can hire a wide range of people
$3.3 billion for hiring |
|
|
Term
| National Recovery Administration |
|
Definition
competing businesses met to draft fair competition
national economic planning, not lasseiz-fare
buckled down on businesses |
|
|
Term
| Tennessee Valley Authority |
|
Definition
successful because they economically recovered
dams would generate power
goal was to enhance the economy of the TN river valley (worked)
became a major polluter |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| said that the New Deal destroyed individual initiative and self-reliance |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
lost reputation because he was anti-Semitic
criticized the New Deal |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
well-respected
worked with old people
wanted to guarantee $200/month to anyone over 60 as long as they spent it |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
liberal
wanted a guaranteed income for every family
most successful demagogue
was assassinated |
|
|
Term
| Schechtner v. US and US v. Butler |
|
Definition
New Deal was challenged by Supreme Court
struck down NIRA
invalidated the AAA |
|
|
Term
| Works Progress Administration |
|
Definition
successful becase more Democrats were in the Supreme Court now
supported musicians, writers, and artists
employed more than 8.5 million people
did diverse things (built roads, buildings, parks, hospitals, etc.) |
|
|
Term
| National Labor Relations/Wagner Act |
|
Definition
gives rights to workers, so we see reform of business
granted workers right to unionize and bargain collectively
penalize unfair labor practices |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Paid by workers and employers
the government doesn't have to pay for it!
part of a balanced budget
government took responsibility for aged, disabled, and jobless |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
alliance of northern blacks (surprising), confederate states, urban masses, SE european immigrants, and organized labor
helped Democrats dominate the 2-party system |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
established a minimum wage and 40 hour work week for many
forbade child labor under 16 yrs old
didn't include farmers |
|
|
Term
| Craft Unions vs. Industrial Unions |
|
Definition
craft-skilled workers in a certain trade
industrial-all workers in a certain industry
competed for control in the labor movement |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Minorities making progress, still discrimination though
9 black teenagers charged with assault and rape, 4 life in prison and 5 escape after Supreme Court sticks up for them |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
adviser to FDR on blacks
led the Brotherhood of Sleeping Car Porters, which fought for the rights of black workers
proposed the idea of the March on Washington |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
black workers not given jobs in the defense industry as we prepared for war
FDR prohibited discrimination in war industries if they canceled the march under Executive Order #8802 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
adviser to FDR on Native Americans
wanted tribes to have more rights
founded the American Indian Defense Association |
|
|
Term
| Indian Reorganization Act |
|
Definition
wanted to give land back to Native Americans
restored land to tribal ownership
tribes could get loans for economic development |
|
|
Term
| Farm Security Administration |
|
Definition
to help farm workers
set up migratory labor camps
Mexican Americans were too late and often discriminated against |
|
|
Term
| Ideas of the First New Deal |
|
Definition
focused on RECOVERY of economy and RELIEF of the needy
apparent in Roosevelt's inaugural address |
|
|
Term
| Conservative and Radical opposition to the first New Deal |
|
Definition
Republicans opposed his ideas because they said it undermines individual initiative
Liberals say we weren't doing enough (Long, Townsend, Coughlin) |
|
|
Term
| ideas of the Second New Deal |
|
Definition
based on REFORM of business practices and RELIEF of the needy
programs of the first were reinstated because Democrats were now majority |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
split-lot of spending, but created a deficit
wasn't successful because it couldn't fix unemployment |
|
|
Term
| impact of the New Deal on the presidency |
|
Definition
INCREASES presidential and government power
much more active presidents
hands-on control over mostly all elements of society |
|
|
Term
| Successes of the New Deal |
|
Definition
CCC and TVA were good
Fair Labor Standards Act brought back Progressive thoughts
could collectively bargain and unionize |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
didn't improve employment without government intervention
once the government stopped the CCC or the TVA, we'd be back in unemployment
not until WWII do we get out of the Depression |
|
|
