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| disputes over taxation, religion, and other issues led to armed conflict between supporters of King Charles I and Parliament (Puritan-dominated) |
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| New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, North and South Carolina. Created by the 'restored' Stuart monarchy w/ Charles II; all were proprietorship's owned my friends of Charles II |
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| New York, New Jeresey, Pennsylvania, North and South Carolina. Created by the 'restored' Stuart monarchy w/ Charles II; all were proprietorship's owned my friends of Charles II |
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| a legal code (1665) by Charles II's brother James, the Duke of York; maintained Dutch forms of local government, confirmed Dutch land titles, and maintained customary Dutch legal pracices |
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| (Society of Friends) seeking refuge from persecution in England; rejected earthly and religious hierarchies and denied the need for a mediator between God and people. Allowed anyone to become a preacher, even children and women. |
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| prominent Quaker, granted a colony (Pennsylvania) by Charles II; held it as a personal proprietorship, saw colony as a haven for co-coreligionists. Caused a rise in migration and attempted to treat Native Americans fairly. |
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| military strategy to keep the Spanish from getting more territories,instead became 2 colonies (North and South) |
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| much like Virginia, cultivated tobacco |
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| had many immigrants from Barbados, rough first years; much like Caribbean b/c they traded for furs and skins |
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| the "Fundamental Constitutions of Carolina" |
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| drafted by John Locke, planned to be a hierarchy of aristocrats with careful distribution of both political and economical power |
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| 5 Indian nations which made up a defensive alliance; representatives made decisions on war and peace; wars were with French/English who wanted to expand their territories, and Indians were taking captives to make their populations grow. French/English always won |
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| Pokanoket chief (Philip) was concerned about the influence of Europeans and Christianity on his people, so he attacked settlements. Formed an alliance with other Indians; they destroyed 25/90 Puritan tows; Alliance crumbled post-Philip's death |
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| Indians owned land, but English wanted it. Governor Berkley led the landowners and didn't start a war, but wealth immigrant Nathaniel Bacon wanted to. He burned down Jamestown's capital in protest-dies one month later. |
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| Europeans started purchasing slaves from Africa b/c natives knew the territory too well |
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| viewed the world's economic system as a collection of national states whose governments competed with each other for wealth; colonies provided materials so that the mother countries could "win" |
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| Parliament applied mercantilist thinking to colonies in laws; only English/colonial merchants could trade; certain "enumerated" goods could only be traded to English; all foreign imports had to first go through England |
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| Board of Trade and Plantations |
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| 15 member board which served as the primary government of American colonies; didn't have any direct power to enforce, control remained decentralized |
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| (1686) Puritan New England was reordered. puritans refused to allow freedom of religion and insisted on maintaining English laws; the charters from colonies from N. Jersey to Maine were revoked, and the Dominion was formed, led by Sir Edmund Andros, who had a lot of power and was strict, he controlled taxes |
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| bloodless coup that overthrew James II; Parliament then offered the throne to William and Mary (Protestants) Glorious Revolution confirmed supremacy of Parliament and Protestants; colonies wanted their charters back that had been revoked during the dominion. |
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| King Louis XIV (France) allied himself with James II; England declared war on France, who was allied with Algonquians. Indian tribes attacked, and New England often found themselves on the defensive. French and English colonies also fight |
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| Salem Village witchcraft crisis |
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| if people couldn't explain their troubles, it was blamed on the work of the devil & witchcraft. Girls in Salem, MA accused women of being witches; Ended when Rev. Mather said their evidence was invalid, when political uncertainty (and stress) ended, and when there was a new governor who doubted the girls' validity. |
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malaria
mostly men
TOBACCO
kept expanding land to replenish farmland
had more conflict with natives
more fighting over authority |
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no religious toleration
higher life expectancy and bigger families
trade and farming (more diverse)
more compact b/c they didn't farm as much
had legal orders from the beginning (Mayflower Compact) |
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said people could communicate with God without the Church
offered Puritans certainty instead of anxiety about predestination and their covenant
stressed equality for women and talked back to men
banished to Rhode Island with her family and eventually killed |
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| resulted from intro of nutritious crops, hence longer life expectancies and high inflation; officials thought surplus could live in N. America |
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| Elizabeth I tolerated religious diversity as long as she was head of the Church; Puritans believed in predestination and were very strict |
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| started by Virginia Co. Faced drought, disease, and polluted water |
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| landowners elected representatives, which contolled their local gov't |
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