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APUSH Chapter 17
Vocab
15
History
11th Grade
11/18/2015

Additional History Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
John Tyler
Definition
elected Vice President and became the 10th President of the United States when Harrison died; 1841-1845; President responsible for annexation of Mexico after receiving mandate from Polk, opposed many parts of the Whig program for economic recovery
Term
Tariff of 1842
Definition
protective measure passed by Congressional Whigs, raising tariffs to pre-Compromise of 1833 rates
Term
Aroostook War
Definition
series of clashes between American and Canadian lumberjacks beginning in 1839 in the disputed territory of northern Maine, resolved when a permanent boundary was agreed upon in 1842
Term
"Oregon Fever"
Definition
enthusiasm for emigration to the Oregon Country in the late 1830s and early 1840s; many Eastern and Midwestern farmers and city dwellers were dissatisfied with their lives and began moving up the Oregon trail to the Willamette Valley; this free land was widely publicized
Term
James K. Polk
Definition
13th President; Dark-Horse (1844) whose four pronged approach to presidency was: reestablish the independent treasury system, reduce tariffs, acquire Oregon, and acquire California and New Mexico from Mexico
Term
Manifest Destiny
Definition
belief that the United States was destined by God to spread its “empire of liberty” across North America; served as a justification for mid-nineteenth-century expansionism
Term
"Fifty-Four Forty or Fight"
Definition
slogan adopted in 1846 by mid-nineteenth-century expansionists who advocated the occupation of Oregon territory, jointly held by Britain and the United States; though President Polk had pledged to seize all of Oregon, to 54° 40', he settled on the forty-ninth parallel as a compromise with the British
Term
Liberty Party
Definition
antislavery party that ran candidates in the 1840 and 1844 elections before merging with the Free Soil party in 1848; supporters of the sought the eventual abolition of slavery, but in the short term hoped to halt the expansion of slavery into the territories and abolish the domestic slave trade
Term
Walker Tariff
Definition
revenue-enhancing measure that lowered tariffs from 1842 levels thereby fueling trade and increasing Treasury receipts
Term
Spot Resolutions
Definition
measures introduced by Illinois congressman Abraham Lincoln in 1846, questioning President James K. Polk's justification for war with Mexico; Lincoln requested that Polk clarify precisely where Mexican forces had attacked American troops
Term
Zachary Taylor
Definition
general that was a military leader in Mexican-American War and 12th president of the United States; sent by president Polk to lead the American Army against Mexico at Rio Grande, but defeated
Term
Buena Vista
Definition
key American victory against Mexican forces in the Mexican-American War in 1847; elevated General Zachary Taylor to national prominence and helped secure his success in the 1848 presidential election
Term
Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo
Definition
ended the war with Mexico in 1848; Mexico agreed to cede territory reaching northwest from Texas to Oregon in exchange for $18.25 million in cash and assumed debts
Term
"Conscience Whigs"/"Mexican Whigs"
Definition
Northern Whigs who opposed slavery on moral grounds. Conscience Whigs sought to prevent the annexation of Texas as a slave state, fearing that the new slave territory would only serve to buttress the Southern “slave power”
Term
Wilmot Proviso
Definition
amendment in 1846 that sought to prohibit slavery from territories acquired from Mexico; introduced by Pennsylvania congressman David Wilmot, the failed amendment ratcheted up tensions between North and South over the issue of slavery
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