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APUSH ch 10
n/a
58
History
10th Grade
01/04/2012

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Cards

Term
What were 6 problems facing the nation in making a new Constitutional gov't?
Definition
-Two revolutions (Brits, AOC) in 12 years
-Thought central authority was evil (K. George III)
-Gov't had no revenue, just about
-Huge public debt w/ loads of interest
-worthless continentals
-republics up to that point had been doomed to fail
Term
As of 1789, the population of the US was doubling every ___ years
Definition
25
Term
When was the first official census?
How many people did it record?
Definition
1790
4 million
Term
What were the biggest cities in the US in 1989?
Definition
Philly
NY
Boston
Charleston
Baltimore
Term
In 1989, the population was still about ___% rural, while __% lived east of the Appalachian mtns
Definition
90
5
Term
T/FL the Appalachian population showed blind patriotism for their independent country that they had fought for.
Definition
FALSUM. Their loyalty was dubious. There were also Spaniards near the MI mouth, and British agents
Term
When did George Washington become president?
Definition
4/30/1989
Term
THIS man commanded by character, not politics
Definition
GW
Term
Where did GW take the oath of office?
Definition
Balcony overlooking Wall St
Term
Who was the first president to establish a presidential cabinet?
Definition
GW
Term
Who was the first president to establish a presidential cabinet, even though it was not in the Constitution?
Definition
GW
Term
Who was in GW's cabinet? (Names AND positions)
Definition
T Jefferson - secretary of state
A Hamilton - secretary of treasury
H Knox - secretary of war
Term
What are the two ways in which amendments to the Constitution can be made?
Definition
-2/3 vote by the states to hold a constitutional convention
-2/3 vote by 2 houses of congress
Term
When was the Bill of Rights written?
Definition
1791
Term
What does the NINTH amendment state?
Definition
certain rights "shall not be construed to deny or disparage others retained by the people."
Term
What does the TENTH amendment state?
Definition
Any rights not denied or permitted by the federal government is relinquished back to the states or people
Term
What is the Judiciary Act? When was it made?
Definition
Made...
-supreme Court
-chief justice
-five associates
-federal district courts
-circuit courts
-position of attorney general
1789
Term
Who was the first chief justice of the United States?
Definition
John Jay
Term
Who was said to "love his adopted country more than his countrymen"?
Definition
A Hamilton
Term
Who was A Ham's archenemy?
Definition
T Jefferson
Term
What was our national debt when A Ham made a case for assumption?
State debt?
Total debt?
Definition
54 million
21. 5 mil
75 million
Term
What was Hamilton's case for assuming state debt?
Definition
It was incurred while the states fought in the war for independence.
This would also gain the support of the rich
Term
How was Washington D.C. created?
Definition
VA didn't have a very large debt, and therefore did not want to take part in Hamilton's assumption. They instead asked for the new federal district to be built on the Potomac River, uhduh, in VA
Term
What were sources of revenue to pay back nat'l debt?
Definition
-tarrifs
-7 cent tax on whiskey
-Bank of US w/ bonds
Term
In order for tariffs to generate $ for Hamilton's plan, what ended up occurring?
Definition
-lots of foreign trade
-More manufacturing (helped Industrial Rev)
Term
What was the first tariff law of Congress?
How many times was it raised by Congress during Hamilton's plan?
Definition
8%
twice
Term
What country's bank was the Bank of US modeled after?
Definition
Bank of England
Term
Was the Bank of US public/private?
How much of it did the fed gov't own?
What was it designed to do in terms of currency?
Who liked/dislike this plan?
Definition
private
1/5
make badly needed paper money and thus a nat'l currency
North/South
Term
Who were the strict/loose interpreters of the Constitution?
Definition
Jefferson/Hamilton
Term
Define: the elastic clause
Definition
invoked by Hamilton, allowed Congress to pass any laws "necessary and proper" to carry out powers vested in gov't agencies
Term
How did Hamilton justify his making of the US bank?
Definition
-elastic clause of the Constitution
-Gov't supposed to collect taxes and regulate trade
-
Term
When the Bank of the US was finally created in 1791, where was it located?
What was its capital?
V/F: people gobbled up stocks
Definition
Philly
$10 mil
verum
Term
Define: Whiskey Rebellion
Definition
-1794
-High excise tax angered homespun pioneers
-Whiskey poles cried "Liberty and No Excise"
-GW alarmed by "self-created societies," anxiously called upon states' militias to crush the rebellion
-rebellion quickly faltered, 3 head rebels were pardoned
-"Sledgehammer to crush gnat"
Term
Hamilton's policies actually worked to help our credit so that we could borrow from _____
Definition
the Netherlands
Term
v/f: at first, permanent political parties seemed like an opposition to the gov't
Definition
verum
Term
How long since the French Rev started was Europe at war for?
Definition
26 yrs
Term
What did the federalists like or dislike about the French Rev?
The dem-repubs?
Definition
disliked violent means of attaining independence, mobocracies

liked fighting a tyrant, extent of own revolution...thought violence was plainly a means of attaining it at all cost
Term
When France hurled back THIS COUNTRY, what type of gov't was made?
Definition
Austria
Republic
Term
Define: GW’s neutrality proclamation (5)
Definition
-The Franco-American alliance bound us to fight for the West Indies with France
-Jeffersonians, fresh from the exciting french rev, said that we owed the french.
-GW and Hamilton decided to be neutral for a generation
-citizens had to be impartial to both sides
-Jeffersonians were angered that GW did not consult Congress first
Term
Who was the French envoy that illegally sent American troops to Spanish FL, LA, and British Canada?
Definition
Edmond Genet (with a ^ above the second e)
Term
Why would it have not made sense for Americans fight w/ France?
Definition
would have suffered British fleets blockading the coast and cutting off vital supplies needed in the first place
Term
What were factors contributing to John Jay's envoy trip to Britain? (4)
Definition
-British did NOT like Neutrality Proclamation
-British had kept settlements against the Treaty of Paris's conditions
-British did not want to give up fur trade
-kept relationships w/ NAs
Term
What was the nae of the 8-tribe Indian alliance that the British openly sold arms to?
Who was it led by?
Definition
Miami Confederacy
Little Turtle
Term
Who was the general that battled the Miami Confederacy and eventually negotiated a treaty with them?
Definition
General "Mad Anthony" Wayne
Term
What Battle held the defeat of the Miami Confederacy?
How did the British react?
Definition
Battle of Fallen Timbers
Did not shelter Indians
Term
What was the treaty that allied America with the Miami Confederacy called?
What did it entail?
Definition
Treaty of Greenville
-Indians had to give up a lot of old northwest territory (a lot of Indiana)
-americans gave lump sum of $20,000, plus an annual annuity of $9,000, plus a right to hunt the ceded lands to the NAs
Term
What was the main event that nearly caused the British and the Americans to enter war with one another?
Definition
-British ignored neutrality of American ships, attacked 300
-Jeffersonians were for fighting the British again
-Feds were against destroying Hamiltonian system, recognized Britain as world's mightiest commercial empire.
Term
V/F: John Jay was an anglophile who kissed each cheek of the queen, following custom
Definition
he kissed her hand
Term
Why did Hamilton sabotage John Jay by telling England of his negotiating techniques?
Definition
Anglophile himself, wanted to avoid war with the English
Term
What came of John Jay's envoy trip in England? (British side)
Definition
-British:
-same blank promise to JJ about evacuating chain of posts on US soil
-agreed to pay for damages to ships
Term
What came of John Jay's envoy trip in England? (US side)
What was the reaction?
Definition
US:
-pay debts owed to British merchants on pre-Revolutionary accounts

-Jeffersonians did not like surrender
-Southern planters did not like paying debts while merchants received compensation for damage
Term
What did GW's farewell address warn of?
Definition
political parties and permanent alliances
Term
Why was Hamilton not in the running to be the Federalist candidate for president?
Definition
Fiscal policies that benefited speculators
Term
Who was the Federalist candidate for president after GW left office?
Democrat-Republicans?
Definition
John Adams
Thomas Jefferson
Term
What was John Adams doing during GW's presidency?
Definition
VP
Term
What region helped John Adams win the presidency by a narrow margin?
Definition
New England
Term
V/F: With help from Hamilton, Adams' cabinet was constantly conspiring against him
Definition
verum
Term
What was Pinckney's Treaty?
What caused it?
Definition
October 27, 1795 and established intentions of friendship between the United States and Spain. It also defined the boundaries of the United States with the Spanish colonies and guaranteed the United States navigation rights on the Mississippi River.


Pro-Brtisih treaty
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