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April 24th
pages 329-342
15
Anatomy
Undergraduate 1
04/23/2013

Additional Anatomy Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
Mechanoreceptors
Definition
  • are activated when a mechanical force pushes on or stretches the cell
  • transmit signals that the brain interprets as touch, pressure, texture, stretching, vibration
  • numerous in skin
Term
Thermoreceptors
Definition
  • respond in alteration to skin temperature
Term
Nociceptors
Definition
  • senses pain
Term
Fast pain
Definition
  • percieved very quickly
  • rises almost instantly to peak intensity
  • carried by myelinated neurons that rapidly convey an acute, sharp, stabbing pain
Term
Slow pain
Definition
  • begins later
  • rises to a peak over several seconds or minutes
  • are carried by unmyelinated neurons that are throbbing, aching, burning
Term
Referred pain
Definition
  • pain from tissue damage appears to be coming from somewhere else
Term
Muscle spindles
Definition
  • skeletal muscle proprioceptors
  • contain modified myscle fibers that detect skeletal muscle length
Term
Golgi tendon organs
Definition
  • collagen strands within tendons
  • protect against damaging myscle tension that might tear muscle or tendon by use of excess force; their activation makes the muscle relax and decrease the tension
Term
Chemoreceptors
Definition
  • respond to chemical ligands that bind to them
  • taste cells
  • clustered in taste buds
Term
Papillae
Definition
  • small projections on the tongue
Term
Basal cells
Definition
  • stem cells within the taste bud
Term
Olfaction
Definition
  • detection of volatile chemicals called odarants in air by olfactory chemoreceptors in the nasal cavity
  • special sense
Term
Olfactory epithelium
Definition
  • located on the inferior surface of the ethmoid bone high in the nasal cavity
Term
Olfactry bulb
Definition
  • swelling at the tip of the olfactory nerve inside the skull
Term
GPCR
Definition
  • G protein coupled receptors
  • depolarizes the olfactory receptor cell
  • increase neurotransmitter release
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