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Appendicular Skleton (part 2)
Chapter 7 (part 2)
68
Anatomy
Undergraduate 1
02/10/2012

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Cards

Term
What is the Pelvic Girdle Consists of or mabe up of? 
Definition

- Two hipp bones or coxal bones

- Sacrem

-Coccyx

Term
What is the function of the Pelvic Girdle?
Definition
Support and protect the lower viscera.
Term
Why is the Pectoral Girdle not as massive as the Pelvic Girdle?
Definition
- Of the amount of stresses unvolved in weight bearing and locomotion that the Pelvic Girdle goes through.
Term
What forms the Hip bone of the Pelvic Girdle?
Definition

- Llium

- Lshium

- Pubis

Term
When is the the Pelvic Girdle formed complete?
Definition
It is useally completed by the age of 25.
Term
The hip bone aretabular with the sacrum at the ___________ joint.
Definition
Sacro-Iliac
Term
What contects the anterior portions of the hip bones?
Definition
Pubus Symphysis
Term
What is the largest hip bone in the Pelvic Gridle?
Definition
Ilium
Term
Where does the ilium articulates with the auricular suface of the sacrum to form the sacro iliac joint?
Definition
Auricular suface
Term
What does the Iliac crest location and function in the Pelvic Girdle?
Definition
Superior border,marking the attachment of both ligaments and muscles.
Term
Where does the gluteus macimus and medius origin at or located at?
Definition
Iliac crest where ligaments  and muscles attach.
Term
What is the Lliac fossa struture on the Pelvic Girdle?
Definition
Concare medial surface.
Term
What does the Lliac fossa support in the Pelvic Girdle?
Definition
It support the abdominal organs and provides additional suface area  for muscle attachment.
Term
What os the the Origin pg the iliacus?
Definition
Helps flex the leg.
Term
What aruates with the iliac fossa?
Definition
Lines marks the inferior border of the iliac fossa.
Term
What does the Greater sciatic notch do in the Pelvic Girdle?
Definition
Sciatic nerve passes into the liver limb though here?
Term
What does the Gluteal line do in the Pelvic Gridle?
Definition

Marks the attachment sites fir the gluteal muscles that move the femur.

-Anterior

-Inferior

-Posterior

Term
What is the strongest of the coxal bones?
Definition
Ishium
Term
When you seated  the body weight is borne here?
Definition
Ischial tuberosity
Term
When does the Ramus do in the Ischium of the Pelvic Girdle?
Definition

-Fuses with the pubis

- Branch of the ischium which continues toward its anteror fusion with the pubis.

Term
Where is the Pubis located in the Pelvic Girdle?
Definition
Anterior and inferior bones of the pelvis
Term
What does the Inferior ramus do in the Pulvic Girdle?
Definition
Fuses with the ischial ramus.
Term

What does the Superior ramus do in the Pulvic Girdle?

Definition

Found above the pubic tubercle.

Term

Where is the pubic tubercle located in the Pelvic Girdle?

Definition
Point of the anterior surface of the pubis.
Term
What does the Pubic symphysis do in the Pelvic Girdle?
Definition
 Median pad of fibrous cartilage between the two  pubic bones.
Term
What does the Obturator foramem do in the Pelvic Girdle?
Definition
Enclosed by a sheet of Collagen fibers whose inner and outer sufaces provide a firm base for attachment of muscles and visceral structures.
Term

Where is the Anetabulum in the Pelvic Girdle?

Definition

 -Found on the lateral surface.

-The head of the femur articulates woth the hip bone here. 

-Space enclosed bu the walls of the acetabulum is the acetabular fossa.

Term
What is the shape and the location Lunate surface of the Pelvic Girdle?
Definition
-Smooth, curved surface in the shape of a C which articulates with the head of the femur.
Term
What are some of the other strucures in the Pelvic Girdle?
Definition

-False Pelvis (Greater Pelvis)

-True Pelvis

Term
What is the False Pelvis?
Definition

- Consists of the explanded, blade like portions of eah  ilium, superior to the iliopectineal line.

- Pectineal line

- Encloses the organs within the inferior portion of the abdominal cavity. 

Term
What is the Pectineal line?
Definition
Starts near the symphysis and extends diagonally across the pubis  until it merges with the arcuate line.
Term
What is the True pelvis?
Definition

- Inferior to the iliopectineal line to the inferior  portion of the symphysis and across  to the tip of the coccyx

- Forms the boundaries of the pelvic cavity

- Bony edge of the true pelvis os called the pelvis brim.

Term
What is the Pelvic inlet?
Definition
Space  enclosed by the pelvic brim.
Term
What is the Pelvic outlet?
Definition

It opening bounded by the inferior margins of the pelvis including:

- Coccyx ischial tuberosities, and the inferiior border of the pubic symphysis

- In life the region of the pelvic outlet  is called the perineum.

-Pelvic muscles form the floor of the pelcic cavity and support the enclosed organs.

Term
What is the differnts between males and female Pectoral Girdle.
Definition

- In females the pelvis is usuallu smoother an lighter and has less prominent marking where muscles or ligaments attach.

- Adaptations for childbearing

Term
What is the adaptations for childbearing?
Definition

-Enlarged pelvic outlet, partially due to greater separation of the ischial spines. 

-Less curvature of the sacrum and coccyx.

- Wider, more circular pelvic inlet.

- llica project farther laterally, but don't extend as foar superiorly to the sacrum.

- A broader pubic angle.

Term
What is the lower Extremities of the Femur?
Definition

- The longest and heaviest bone in the body.

- Head

- Fovea capitis

- Neck

- Greater and lesser trochanters

Term
Where is the head of the femur located?
Definition
Acticulates with the pelvis at the acetabulum.
Term
Where is the Fovea capitis located in the Femur? 
Definition
Location where a stabilizing ligament attaches
Term
Where is the neck of the Femur located?
Definition
Joins the head and shaft at ~125 angle.
Term
Where is the Greater trochanters located in the Femur?
Definition

- Projects laterally from the junction of the neck and shaft.

- Insertion of the gluteus medius and minimus.

Term
Where is the Lesser trochanters located in the Femur?
Definition

- Projects medially below  the junction of the neck and shaft.

- Insertion of the iliacus and psoas major

Term
Where is the shaft located on the fumer?
Definition
Strong anf massive, curves along its lenght (facilitates weight bearing and balance)
Term
Where is the intertrochanteric line located on the fumer?
Definition
Anterior side, marks the edge of the articular capsule.
Term
Where is the Gluteal tuberosity on the fumer?
Definition

- Posterior surface of the bone

- Marks the attachment side of the gluteus maximus

Term
Where is the Linea aspera located in the fumer?
Definition

- Runs along the center of the posterior surface of the shaft.

- Marks the attachment site of the adductor muscles.

Term
Where is the Medial and lateral epicondyles located on the Femur?
Definition

- Distal portion of the femur.

- Sites of ligament attachment.

Term
Where is the Medial and lateral condyles located on the Femur?
Definition
Distal to the epicondyles.
Term
Where is the Patellar surface located on the Femur?
Definition
Between the condyles, the patella glides across here.
Term
Where is the Intercondylar fossa located on the Femur?
Definition
 Posterior surface, between the lateral medial condyles.
Term
What is the Patella?
Definition

- Forms within the tendon of the quadriceps femoris.

- Strengthens the quadriceps tendon and protects the anterior suface of the knee joint

-Base= Supperior, broad

- Apex= Inferior, roughly pointed

- Facets for artculation with medial and lateral condyles of the femur.

Term
What is are the structures on the Tibia?
Definition

-Medial and lateral condyles

-Tibial Tuberosity

-Anterior crest (margin)

- Popliteal line (soleal line)

- Medial Malleolus

Term
Where is the Medial and lateral condyles on the Tibia?
Definition
Proximal end, articular with the medial and lateral condyles of the femur.
Term
Where is the Tibial Tuberosity on the Tibia?
Definition

-Prominent bump below and between the condyles.

- Marks the site of attachment of the patellar ligament. 

Term
Where is the Anterior crest (Margin) on the Tibia?
Definition
- Ridge that begins at the proximal end and extends  distally along the anterior surface.
Term
Where is the Popliteal line (soleal line) Located on the Tibia?
Definition
- Posterrior surface, marks the attachment site of several leg muscles.
Term
Where is the Medial Malleous located on the Tibia?
Definition

- Provides support for the ankle joint 

- Prevents lateral sliding of the tibia across the talus

Term
What are the structures in the Fibula?
Definition

- Head

- Lateral Malleolus 

Term
Where is the head on the Fibula located?
Definition

Articulates with the medial condyles of the tibia.

 

Term

Where is the Lateral Malleolus on the Fibula located?

Definition

- Disal end

-Provides support for the ankle joint 

- Prevents medial sliding of the tibia across the talus

Term
What are tarsal bones?
Definition

- Posterior 1/3 of the foot

- Not anlke bones (ankle bones are really the medial and lateral malleoli)

 

Term
Where is the Talus located on the tarsal bones?
Definition

-Transmits teh weight of the body from the tibia anteriorly, toward the toes

-Second largest bone in the foot.

Term

Where is the Calcaneus (heel bone) located on the tarsal bones?

Definition

- Most  of your weight is transferred here when standing (tabia, talus, calcaneous, ground.)

- Posterior surface is rough and knob -shaped

- Attachment site for the calcaneal tendon (Achilles tendon)

Term

 

Where is the Cubiod bone located on the tarsal bones?

 

Definition
- Articulates with the anterior, lateral surface of the calcaneus.
Term

 

Where is the Navicular bones located on the tarsal bones?

 

Definition
- Medial side, articulates with the anterior surface of the talus.
Term

 

Where is the Cuneiform bone located on the tarsal bones? 

Definition

- Medial

- Intermediate

- Lateral

Term

Where is the Metarsal bones located?

Definition

- l-V medial to lateral

- Helps tp support the weight of the body.

Term
Where is Phalanges and what are they?
Definition

-Digit l-hallux

procimal and distal

- Digits ll-V

promcimal, middle, distal

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