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| Chinese school of thought, originating in te Warring States Period with Laozi. Daoism offered and alternative to the Confucian emphasis on hierarchy and duty. Daoists believe that the world is always changing and s devoid of absolute meaning or morality. They accept the world as they find it, avoid futile struggles, and deviate as little as possible from "the path" of nature. |
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| Chinese philosopher with doctrine of duty and public service that had a great inluence on subsequent Chinese thought and served as a code of conduct for government officials. |
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| In China, a political philosophy that emphasized the unruliness of human nature and justified coercion and control. |
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| Techniques for ascertaining the will of the gods by interpreting natural phenomena. |
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| In Chinese belief, complementary factors that help to maintain equilibrium of the world. Yin is associated with faminie, dark, and passive qualities; yang with masculine, light, and active qualities |
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| The change from food gathering to food production. |
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| structure or complex of very large stones constructed for ceremoial or religious purpoes. |
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| A body preseved by chemical processes or special natural circumstances, often in the belief that the deceased will need it again in the afterlife. |
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| In the governments of many ancient societies, a professional position reserved for men who had undergone the lengthy training required to be able to read and write using cuneifrm, hieroglyphics, or other early, cumbersome writing systems. |
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| Ruler of Babylon best known fora code of laws, inscribed in a black pillar, illustrating the principles to be used in legal cases. |
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