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Definition
| legitimate use of force within specified geographic boundaries to control human behavior |
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Definition
* maintain order
* provide public goods
* promote equality |
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Thomas Hobbes- believed order was accomplished by guaranteeing people's survival. Believed people were naturally evil
John Locke- believed order was achieved by protecting life, liberty, and property
Karl Marx- the government owns all land, believed order was accomplished by giving ownership or land (means of production) to the people/government |
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| Provide public goods- definition |
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Definition
| refers to things available to all people. Government makes these available through taxation |
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| (newest and still debated purpose of government)- idea that government should act to protect social equality and social behavior |
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| the ability to get someone to do what you want |
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| the right to use that power |
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| what's widely accepted as the rule of law |
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| name the four theories about who governs |
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Definition
*Marxism/Communism
*Power Elite
*Bureaucrats
*Pluralist |
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| Marxism/Communism-definition |
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Definition
| there are owners and workers competing for power; whoever controls the economy controls the government |
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| (C. Wright Mills)- certain top people in indistries make the most imprtant government policies, and benefit themselves |
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Definition
| (Max Weber) all institutions are controlled by large bureacrocies, whos expertise is important to managing affairs |
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| lots of people are involved in government, so political resources are so scattered that there's no such thing as an elite group |
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| name the 3 types of democracy |
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Definition
*True Interests/Procedural
*Direct Democracy
*Representative Democracy |
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| 'True Interests'/Procedural Democracy, definition |
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Definition
| Idea that the leadership is acting in the best interest of the citizens. Looks Democratic, but really isn't |
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| Direct Democracy- definition |
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Definition
| citizen involvement in all decisions |
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| Representative Democracy- definition |
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Definition
| leaders make decisions on behalf of people who elected them to office |
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| Totalitarianism- definition |
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Definition
| government should have unlimited power |
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Definition
| government ownership of control of basic industries that produce goods or services |
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Definition
| private businesses operate without government regulation |
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Definition
| no government except what's necessary to protect life and propert |
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| favors more government, generous support for education, environment, public transportation, and social programs.MORE GOVERNMENT |
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Definition
| smaller government, fewer government programs. LESS GOVERNMENT |
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| Five influences on the U.S. Constitution |
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Definition
*Parliamentary System (in England)
*Social Contract Theory (Locke)
*republic (Aristotle)
*Separation of Powers (Montesquieu)
*Checks and Balances (Bolingbroke and Blackstone)- continuation of Separation of Powers |
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| Confederationn- definition |
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Definition
| loose association of indepenent states that agree to co-operate on certain matters |
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| characteristics of a confederation (3) |
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Definition
*state sovereignty- each state government has ultimate power
*every state gets 1 vote
*in order for anything to be approved- 9 out of 13 states had to approve |
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| Four reasons for the failure of the Articles of Confederation |
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Definition
*national government didn't have power to tax
*no president or single executive or leader to run government
*national government couldn't regulate inter-state or foreign commerce
*supermajority required for all things. UNanimous vote required for articles to be changed |
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| triggering event leading to failure of Articles of Confederation |
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Definition
Shays' Rebellion.
*economic depression in Massachusetts. farmers got mad and fought government. Needed help from the national gov't, who couldn't raise taxes for an army
*realized that reform was needed |
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| 3 theories why the Comstitutional Convention occured |
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Definition
*economic interests
*maintain order (fear of chaos and other revolutions)
*started to revise Articles, but spokesperson James Madison suggested starting over |
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| Virginia Plan- definition, components |
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Definition
| one of the suggestions for the new Constitution. Benefitted larger startes |
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| New Jersey Plan- definition, components |
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Definition
| one of the suggestions for the new Constitution. Benefitted smaller states |
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| Great Compromise (AKA Connecticut Compromise) definition, components |
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Definition
*Compromised elements of the two plans to form one Constitution
*bicameral legislature
*revenue-raising acts would start in HoR
*one person executive |
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Definition
| supported Constitution as it was written, strong national government |
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Definition
| wanted changes in Constitution, mainly to add a Bill of Rights. Supported a weaker national government |
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Definition
| wanted changes in Constitution, mainly to add a Bill of Rights. Supported a weaker national government |
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Term
| Federalist Papers-definition |
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Definition
| a serious of anonymously published essays to educate the people about governmental issues. Promoted Constitutional ratification |
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| 3 authors of the Federalist Papers |
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Definition
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