Term
| What country does not participate in the 1848 revolution? |
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Definition
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Term
| How does Sweden respond to the Great Depression? |
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Definition
| Great because of it's unique form of socialism. |
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Definition
| Peter the Great invades Sweden for Window to the West |
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| kills lots of Jews in Sweden |
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| "the sick man of Europe". peak in 16th century |
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| leads womans suffrage in Britian |
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| Dominant country in 15th century |
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Definition
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| Dominant country in 16th century |
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Definition
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| Dominant countries in 17th century |
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Definition
| Netherlands, then Great Britain |
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| Dominant country in 18th century |
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Definition
| Britian (econonmy) and Prussia (army) |
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Term
| Dominant countries in 19th century |
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Definition
| England (economy) then Germany |
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| Dominant countries in 20th century |
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Definition
| Germany until 1940s then USSR |
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Definition
| 1527 - by Charles V, end of Enlightenment, |
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Definition
| 1450 - Protestant reformation |
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| starts Tudor dynasty after winning War of the Roses |
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| begins in the 16th century |
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| Catholic Counter-Reformation Attempt for reforms |
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| Henry IV (Bourbon). Ends French Civil wars, allows Hugeonauts to practice in certain towns |
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| makes Henry VIII head of Church of England |
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| Luthers attack on Catholic Church |
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| Hapsburg Valois Wars (1519-1559) |
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Definition
| ended by Peace of Augsburg, Cateau-Cambresis |
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| adviser to Louis XIII, intendant system |
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| effective bureaucratic system for Louis XIII |
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| 1683- ends Ottoman control of Austria |
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| Peace of Westphalia, between France and HRE, catholics vs. protestants, decentralization of HRE |
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Definition
| James I, Charles I, Oliver Cromwell, Charles II, James II |
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| William of Orange and Mary |
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Definition
| came to throne in England after Glorious Revoultion and Stuart sandwhich |
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Definition
| army dictator. New Model Army. won English Civl War |
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Definition
| English Civil War, full time professional soldiers |
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| believed people were a clean slate |
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| believed all people were born evil |
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| What king takes away the Edict of Nantes? |
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Definition
| proves Copernicus's theory |
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| Agricultural Revolution begins when? |
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Definition
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| 18th century Protestant revival called |
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Definition
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Definition
| produces the innoculation for small pox |
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| 18th century: middle class.. |
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Definition
| growing with more education |
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| Robspierre and Committee of Public Safety |
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| Charles VI ensures that his empire wont be split up (Austria) |
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Definition
| Third Estate memebers who wouldnt leave until a new constitution was written |
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Term
| 4 major events of French Revolution.. |
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Definition
| Storming of the Bastille, Tennis Court Oath, Women's March to Versaille, and the Great Fear |
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Term
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Definition
| ends Robespierre and Reign of Terror and Second Phase |
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Term
| Declarations of Rights of Man |
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Definition
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Definition
| French Second Phase of Revolution (Radical Republic) |
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Definition
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Definition
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Term
| The War of Spanish Sucession is between ____ over _____. |
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Definition
| Louis XIV of France and HRE over Phillip V |
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Term
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Definition
| War of Spanish Sucession (Spain and France cannot unite thrones) |
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| The War of Austrian Sucession is by ____ over _____. |
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Definition
| Charles VI of Austria.. Maria Theresa's legitamacy to the throne |
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Definition
| France, Russia, HRE vs. Prussia and Great Britain |
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Definition
| ran Congress of Vienna to help prevent Austria from splitting up |
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Definition
| conservative monarchies of Europe want power back (France, Austria, GB, Prussia, Russia). established and maintained peace in Europe (goal) |
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Term
| Louis Napoleon (Napoleon III) |
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Definition
| president of France's second republic, Crimean War, Haussman's renovations |
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Definition
| renovated Paris to prevent riots and beautify city |
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Definition
| unified Italy. nationalist |
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Definition
| King of Sardinia and Italy |
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Definition
| prime minister of Sardonia and Italy. unify northern italy. |
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Definition
| led "red shirts" in war to unify southern and northern spain. lets Victor Emmanuel be king |
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Definition
| German Emporer and King of Prussia during the beginning of WWI. tears up Russian-German Reinsurance Treaty. Fires Bismark |
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Definition
| First chancellor of Germany, Prime minister of Prussia. oversaw German unification. "blood and iron". expels Austria from German affairs. |
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Definition
| King of Prussia. oversaw German unification. hires Bismark to build him a huge army |
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Definition
| Czar of Russia. freed serfs. zemstov. independant courts. censorship relaxed |
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Term
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Definition
| Czar of Russia, enforced pogroms. constructed Trans-Siberian Railroad. "use the west to catch up with the west" |
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Definition
| utopianist. government funded workshops, right to work, "organization of work", universal voting rights |
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Term
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Definition
| Communist Manifesto. "dictatorship of the proletariate". society run by the working class. too much class struggle |
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Definition
| population always grows faster than food supply |
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Definition
| always poor people in society because people are willing to get paid enough to survive |
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Definition
promoted German Power.
Zollverien. |
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Term
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Definition
| diseases caused by germs. Germ Theory |
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Definition
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Definition
| the French officer on trial for treason but really for anti-sematism |
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Definition
| French military anti-semitism scandal in 19th century |
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Definition
| developed crop rotation in England |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
Great Expostiion/Exhibition.
"workshop of the world" |
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Definition
"watt of Germany".
dismantled machienes and assembled them in Germany |
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Definition
German customs union.
no tariffs for trade between German states |
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Definition
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Definition
| charged middle class with murder and robbery. culprit was capitalism |
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Definition
| strictly anti-child labor |
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Definition
| unions illegal in England |
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Definition
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Definition
Prussia, Austria, Russia.
Goal: repress liberal ideas.
controlled German confederation |
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Term
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Definition
| demaned that German confederation eliminated ideas in schools and media |
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Term
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Definition
| no one should be able to defeat any two countries combined |
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Term
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Definition
| Middle class. equality in law, representative government, specific freedoms. capitalist economy |
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Definition
| pride in country, belief taht people of a country share same religion, language, culture. "symphony of nations". us vs. them mentality |
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Term
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Definition
| nationalism. "symphony of nations". supported by Giuseppe Mazzini |
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Definition
| "government should prived the greatest good for the greatest number of people"- Jeremy Bentham and John Stuart Mill |
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Definition
| "government should effectivly organize the economy" (ex. second phase of French rev.) "government should protect poor from the rich", "private property should be regulated by government" |
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Term
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Definition
| Utopianist. called nobels "parasites". stressed science and education |
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Term
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Definition
| utopianist. believed in emancipation of women, no marriage, marriage is prostitution |
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Term
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Definition
| utopianist. "what is property?"-theft |
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Term
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Definition
| "history is a history of class struggles". Middle class exploits lower class. bourgeosie vs proletariat. violent revolution. classless society. Karl Marx and Friedrich Engles. |
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Term
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Definition
| Karl Marx and Friedrich Engles. classless society |
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Term
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Definition
| revolt against classicism. emotions, feelings, nature, imagination. "sturm and drang". nature=beauty. industry=brutal. |
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Definition
| "Liberty Leading the People".. Romanticism |
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Term
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Definition
| "3rd of May, 1808" romanticism |
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Term
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Definition
| "5th symphony" romanticism |
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Term
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Definition
| "Raft of the Medusas" romanticism |
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Term
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Definition
| "Les Miserables" romanticism |
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Definition
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Term
| Greece was controlled by... |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Britain, France, Russia .. revolt helped by Lord Bryon |
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Definition
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Term
| Great Depression hit.. worst |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| more in touch with the common man |
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Term
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Definition
| illegal to buy foreign grain in England |
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Term
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Definition
| more voting rights in England. eliminated rotten boroughs |
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Term
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Definition
| starts chamber of deputys (french parliment) and constitutional charter |
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Term
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Definition
| returns to absolute monarchy, quick revolt, flees |
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Term
| every country except ____ and ____ revolt in 1848 |
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Definition
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Term
| Louis Philippe in the French 1848 rev. |
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Definition
| refused reform, constitutional charter, people of paris establish a 10 man democratic republic. all men can vote, 10 hr. workday. free slaves. no death penalty. free market. government workshops |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Metternich flees, abolish serfdom, economy clash. conservatives in charge. Archdutchess Sophie,(son) Emporer Francis I |
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Term
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Definition
| Fredrick William IV overthrown. liberal contitution. then Austria brings back Fredrick William IV |
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Term
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Definition
| unifies all German states in 1848 |
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Term
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Definition
| invented the Spinny Jenny |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| connection of arial bacteria and infections. Listers Antiseptic Principal |
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Term
| Miasmatic Theory of Disease |
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Definition
| belief taht people get disease when they breath bad odors |
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Term
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Definition
| disease was related to filthy enviroment conditions |
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Term
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Definition
| electromagnitism. invented the generator |
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Term
| Louis Napoleon and 2nd Republic of France |
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Definition
| elected for a 4-year as president. universal male suffrage. didnt like parliments or political parties. believed in strong leader. increased role of catholic church in schools. took aways voting rights from poor. coup d'etat (national assembly disbanded) |
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Term
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Definition
| Denmark wanted Schleswig and Holstein. Prussia and Austria defeat Denmark |
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Term
| Austro-Prussian War (7 Weeks War) |
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Definition
| Prussia destroys Austria. Prussia establishes North German Confederation |
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Term
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Definition
| Ems telegram. People of Paris declare 3rd Republic. Prussia wins. Germany declared a country and 2nd Reich. Wilhelm becomes Kaiser. France gives up Alsace-Lorraine |
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Term
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Definition
| Russia lost to Ottoman Empire. Russia forced to industrialize |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| organized violence against jews |
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Term
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Definition
| built the Trans-Siberian Railroad for Alexander III |
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Term
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Definition
| czar is Nicholas II. Bloody Sunday. October Manifesto. Duma |
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Term
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Definition
| October 1905. workers march to Winter Palace( St. Petersburg). guards openfire |
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Term
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Definition
| Russia wanted Korea. Japan crushes Russia |
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Term
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Definition
| civil rights to people of Russia |
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Term
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Definition
| socialist.. unemployment benifits, medical care, old age pensions, subsidized housing, free education |
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Term
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Definition
| Bismarks attempt to attack Catholic Church. Pius XI claimed papal infallibility. Catholics form Catholic Center Party |
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Term
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Definition
| High tarrifs. tied to nationalism |
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Term
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Definition
| "3rd republic is the governemtn that divides us the least" |
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Term
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Definition
| Dreyfus Affiar, free education, legalized unions, lessened role of Catholic Church. |
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Term
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Definition
| mayor of Vienna. anti-semite. hero of Adolf Hitler |
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Term
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Definition
| 1867 becomes a dual-empire monarchy |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| "evolutionary socialism" : socialism will catch on slowly |
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Term
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Definition
| Germany, Russia, Austria-Hungary |
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Term
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Definition
| Germany and Austria-Hungary |
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Term
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Definition
| Germany, Italy, Austria-Hungary |
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Term
| Alliance of the 3 Emporers |
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Definition
| secret alliance. Germany, Russia, Austria-Hungary |
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Term
| Russian-German Reinsurance Treaty |
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Definition
| secret treaty. Germany will give Russia money, money, engineers. if Russia invades A-H then Germany will side with A-H and crush Russia. if A-H invades Russia then Germany will stay neutral |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| "powder keg of Europe". Breaking away from Ottoman. |
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Term
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Definition
| Archduke of Austria-Hungary. killed in Sarajevo in Bosnia by Black Hand |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Germany gives to Austria-Hungary |
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Term
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Definition
| Germany will attack and defeat France then defeat Russia |
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Term
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Definition
| WWI. Germans stalled. creates a 2 front war for Germany |
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Term
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Definition
| WWI. trench warfare. Battle of the Somme, Battle of the Verdun |
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Term
| Paul von Hindenburg and Ludenburg |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| WWI. Battle of Tarnenburg (Germans crush Russians) |
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Term
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Definition
| Germany, Austria-Hungary, Bulgaria, Ottoman Empire |
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Term
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Definition
| France, Great Britain, Russia, Japan, Italy, USA |
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Term
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Definition
| sunk by German submarines, USA joins war |
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Term
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Definition
| telegram sent by Germany asking Mexico to invade USA |
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Term
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Definition
| capitalism gone. government controlled quantity and prices. rationing. illegal to strike.socialism. Auxilary Service Law |
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Term
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Definition
| every man 17-60 had to have a war-related job (Germany) |
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Term
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Definition
| Marxist ideas. wanted immediate change. led Bolshevicks. "peace, love, bread" |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Russia wanted a new government only responsible to the Duma |
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Term
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Definition
| helps bring down czar. holy man for Alexis |
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Term
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Definition
| st. petersburg 1914. helps abdicate Nicholas II |
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Term
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Definition
| led provisional government. puts in reforms and freedoms. *mistake: continues fighting WWI |
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Term
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Definition
| led to chaos in Russian army because there was no order |
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Term
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Definition
| called Bolesheviks communist |
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Term
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Definition
| Red army vs. White army. Red wins. kills royal family |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| moderate socialist set up a republic after Wilhelm II abdicates. communists never gain power |
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Term
| Which of the following factors led most immediatly to the conviening of the French Estates-General |
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Definition
| the impending bancrupcy of the French government |
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Term
| What is not associated to the commercial revolution in early modern europe? |
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Definition
| an explansion of the guild system |
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Term
| The Protestant Reformation changed the social roles of 16th century women by |
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Definition
| reducing acess to religous orders |
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Term
| the goal of the USSR's first 5 year plan was to |
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Definition
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Term
| Charles I of England did not try to obtain revenues by |
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Definition
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Term
| Treaty of Versailles ends... with which countries... |
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Definition
| WWI.. USA, France, Great Britain |
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Term
| Treaty of Versailles excluded |
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Definition
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Term
| 14 Points in Treaty of Versailles only (4) |
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Definition
| reduce # of arms, no secret treaties, self determination, league of nations |
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Term
| Germany has to pay... for WWI reparations |
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Definition
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Term
| Great Britains problem in 1920s |
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Definition
| unemployment.. creates a welfare state |
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Term
| Alsace-Lorraine is given to... after WWI |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Hitler's book he writes in prison |
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Term
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Definition
| The buffer state between Germany and France after WWI |
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Term
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Definition
| Switzerland. peace meeting between Germany and France |
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Term
| Austria, Hungary, Poland, Yugoslavia, Iraq, Iran, Finland, Serbia, Chezcoslovakia |
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Definition
| New nations formed from Treaty of Versailles |
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Term
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Definition
| attacked humanity after WWI |
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Term
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Definition
| early Existentialist. "god is dead", "meaninglessness of society" |
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Term
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Definition
| main issues (God, happiness, morality, freedom) were senseless because they cant be proved |
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Term
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Definition
| main thinker for logical empiricism |
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Term
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Definition
| Europe over-emphasized progress and reason. "meaninglessness" of life. supermen of society. GOD IS DEAD. |
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Term
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Definition
| "Humans appear on the scene". dispain and meaninglessness. humans must act decisively to find purpose |
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Term
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Definition
| 1928- 15 nations, "refuse war as an instrument of national policy" anti-war, arms reduction, unenforcable |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| believed in despair of life, but that we are naturally sinful humans, so we need god for forgiveness |
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Term
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Definition
| atoms are made up of electrons and protons |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Theory of Relativity: time and space are relative, speed of light is only constant |
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Term
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Definition
| atoms can be split, atomic energy |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Oedipus Complex. most thoughts come from subconcious. Id, Ego, Superego. |
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Term
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Definition
| animalistic, pleasure-seeking, unconcious desires. (sex, hunger, thirst, advoidance of pain) |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Age of Anxiety literature.. |
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Definition
| focused on irrationality and complexity of mind |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| "Decline of the West" . rise of the asian race |
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Term
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Definition
| "Banhaus" by Walter Gropins |
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Term
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Definition
| 1870s.. Monet, Manet, Degas |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| 1920s.. dream like.. "Persistence of Memory" by Dali |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| criticized Treaty of Versailles. said reparations would make all economies worse. needed a new treaty with no reparation |
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Term
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Definition
| France deciedes that Germany must pay back all reparations for WWI in 50 years |
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Term
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Definition
| makes first reparation. tells workers in Ruhr Valley to stop working but kept paying them = hyperinflation |
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Term
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Definition
| French Prime minister sends French and Belgian armies to Ruhr Valley to collect reparations from Germany |
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Term
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Definition
| negotiates a compromise with France to eventually pay reparations |
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Term
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Definition
| 1924- loans money to Germany to help economy recover (sucess) |
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Term
| Great Britain during Great Depression |
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Definition
| stayed pretty sucessful. self-sufficient. focused on national, than international market |
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Term
| Great Depression in France |
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Definition
| Popular Front gains power, polarizing effects (people go radical |
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Term
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Definition
| no rights, freedoms, government control everything |
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Term
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Definition
| Mussolini. expansion, anti-socialist. |
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Term
| Chzechslovakia was only socialist country with out a |
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Definition
|
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Term
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Definition
| lets peasants sell surplus food for profit. banks, railroads, industry nationalized |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| collective farms unsucessful- (peasants forced to give up land), industry-sucessful (oil, steel, coal, electricity) |
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Term
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Definition
| landowning peasants against collective farms |
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Term
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Definition
| standard of living went down, free education and medicine, women equal as men (abortion and divorce legal) |
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Term
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Definition
| propaganda, censorship, atheism, Great Purge, 5 Year Plan, collective farming |
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Term
|
Definition
| Stalins attack on enemies within USSR |
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Term
|
Definition
| Marched to Rome, overthrows King (Mussolini granted dictatorship for 1 year) |
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Term
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Definition
| arrested political opponants, disbanded unions, conroled schools, made vatican own state, |
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Term
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Definition
| government controls buisness |
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Term
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Definition
| Buisness controls government |
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Term
| Mussolini never controlled... nor granted |
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Definition
| buisness, army ... land reforms (agriculture |
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Term
| Women during Mussolinis reign |
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Definition
| status declined (no divorce, stay home) |
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