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succeeds Elizabeth, advocated the "divine right of kings" (A Trew Law of Free Monarchies) |
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| James I "solution" to the issue of always having to ask parliament for $...instead he tried to levy custon duties, which were a new version of the Tonnage and Poundage custom duties |
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Millenary Petition at Hampton Court January 1604 |
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| Puritians draw up a petition of greivences about the English Church, and these are addressed at Hampton Court by James I. He declares his intent to maintain/enhance the Anglican church, must to Puritan dismay. |
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Book issued by James I that permitted and advocated people who attended Church to play games on sundays. |
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| rumoured to be James I's lover, he was by far the most powerful of all the court favorites. He controlled royal patronage, and sold titles to highest bidders --> scandal/corruption in James' court |
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| suceeded James I as King of England, he introduces new tariffs, forced loans, and tries to collect discontinued taxes to get money, which infuriates parliament. |
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policy in which English monarch tried to rule without involving parliament, to achieve an absolute monarchy. This success dependd on the king's ability to operate without parliament, which he was unable to do |
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| the term used to condemn Charles's high church policies that favored powerful bishops, elaborate liturgy, and personal religious observance/devotion rather than the preaching favored by protestants |
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| angered puritans, who suspected him of catholic sentiment. Part of Infanta's marraige contract allowed her to hear mass daily at the English court which angered them more |
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| Charles I supported this group, who rejected many Puritan doctrines and favored elaborate high-church practices, which the puritans were convinced would encourage Roman Catholicism |
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Charles I's chief minister who issued policy of thorough, which imposed strict efficiency and administrative centralization in govt. It's success depended on king's ability to univolve parliament in decision making/money |
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| tax extended to all of England that was used to pay for naval protection --> was an attempt to raise funds w/out parliament during Charles I |
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| Charles I's cheif religious advisor who wanted pure Anglicanism in England. He denied puritans the right to publish and preach and imposed the Anglican Book of Common Prayer on the Scots, to the anger of the puritans |
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| enforced on Scots, and caused a Scottish rebellion which meant that Parliament had to be drawn, despite Charles's hopes to never call them again |
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John Pym and the Short Parliament |
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| led the Parliament meeting about Scottish rebellion. He refused to consider funds for the war until the king agreed to address a long list of political and religious issues....the king disolved parliament immediately (that is why it is called short parliament) |
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parliament is reconvened, Earl of strafford (Wentworth) and Laud are impeached and later executed, ship money tax became illegal. Also parliament says they must be called at least every 3 years. |
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English Civil War 1642-1646 |
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| 200+ article summary of all the greivances parliament had about the king that was presented on Dec. 1, 1641 |
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| gave parliament the authority to raise an army of its own against the king |
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reorganized parliamentary army, which defeated the king's army at Marston Moor established a military dictorship in England, which became hated. (lord protector) He was intolerant of Anglicans, which was no help
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| Name of Cromwell's army in the English Civil War |
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| Colonel Thomas Pride phiscally bars Prestyterians, who made up a majority of parliament, from taking their seats |
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smaller parliament, which excluded all the presbyterians, that executed Charles as a public criminal, and abolished the monarchy |
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people like the guy, because he restores English to status quo (anglican church, hereditary monarch, no parliament regularly called) had secret Catholic sympathies, and therefore was religiously tolerant
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| series of lwas which excluded Catholics, Presbyterians, and Independents from religious and political life of England. |
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| required all officials of the crown to swear an oath against the doctrine of transubstantiation- a law that was aimed at Charles II brother James, who was heir to the throne, and a recent convert to Catholicism |
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attempts to prevent James from coming to the throne, including telling lies that he was planning to kill Charles II to get to the throne |
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Declaration of Indulgence |
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| James II issued this declaration, which suspended al religious tests and permitted free worship. |
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| the successful, bloodless turnover to William and Mary, who recognized a bill of rights, and turned England into a constutional monarchy |
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royal civil servants who subjected the old privileged groups of France to stricter supervision, to prevent abuses in tax collection and administration (offices that nobles mainly had) during Louis XIII's reign |
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| finance minister during Henry IV(Navarre)'s reign, he established govt. monopolies on gunpowder, mines, and salt - prepared the way for Louis XIV and Colbert's merchantilist policies |
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| only 9 at father (Henry IV)'s death, so the task of governing fell into his mother, Marie de Medicis, hands. |
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| Marie de Medicis and the Treaty of Fontainbleu |
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Queen mother and regent of Louis XIII, she sought security abroad by signing a 10 year mutual defense pact with Spain (arch rival) in the treaty of Fontainbleu. |
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King Louis XIII's chief advisor he was loyal and shrewd, and sought to make Fance the supreme European power most responsible for French success in the first half of 17th century anti-hapsburg policy responsible for Frances land gains in the Treaty of Westphalia at home- pursued centralizing policies - "one king, one law, one faith" started campaign against huguenots
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| series of widespread rebellions by the French nobility to preserve local autonomy |
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regent over young King Louis XIV |
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the "sun king" master of propaganda to create a political image kept nobility close and happy through conferring with regional parlements divine right of kings by God Versailles
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architectually designed and artistically decorated to proclaim the glory of Louis XIV used to exert political control over nobles $$- consumed more than half his annual revenues organized life at court around his daily routine kept nobles busy so they had little time to plot revolt
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arose in the 1630's as part of the opposition among some Catholics to the theology and the political influence of the Jesuits. |
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| 1660 papal bull Louis allowed to be enforced in France, banning Jansenism |
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controller general of finances, he ccreated the economic base Louis XIV needed to finance his wars through tariffs, carefully regulated import and exports simplified the administrative bureaucracy increase the taille, a direct source on peasantry
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close government control of the economy, like Colbert's control over the French economy |
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| Louis XIV's war minister who improved the military substantially through discipline and organization |
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| perfected the arts of fortifying and besieging towns. He also devised the system of trench warfare. |
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The War of Devolution 1667-1668 |
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first foreign war over Louis' claim to the Spanish Belgian provinces through his wife Marie-Therese Treaty of Pyrenees- Marie rencounces claim to spanish succesion on condition that a 500,000 crown dowry be paid to Louis (never paid) Louis hoped to turn marriage into a land gain Peace is restored in the Treaty of Aix la Chapelle
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