1492

-Columbus sailed the ocean blue

-Reconquista is completed

1517

95 Theses nailed on the doors of the Castle Church in Wittenburg.

Martin Luther was ENRAGED by the sale of indulgences of the Catholic Church by Johann Tetzel.

1555

PEACE OF AUGSBURG

ended the religious civil war between Roman Catholics and Lutherans in the German States. It gave the right upon German princes to determine the religion of his state. It did NOT acknowledge other religions such as CALVINISM. 

"Religion by Region"

1588

Philip II's Spanish Armada

-attempted to keep control of the Netherlands, who got help from Elizabeth I

-ultimately a failure

1641

Irish Rebellion

1642: Beginning of English Revolution

1648

Peace of Westphalia

• Peace of Aubsburg was reinstated, Calvinism was now acceptable in Germany.
• The Edict of Restitution was revoked, guaranteeing the possesion of former Church states to their Protestant holders. 
• Switzerland and Holland were made independent states, freed fromt he Hapsburg dominions.
• France, Sweden and Brandenburg (Prussia) received various territories.
• German princes were made sovereign rulers, severely limiting the power of the HRE and the influence of the Asutrian and Spanish Hapsburgs. German unification was also delayed and was separated into 300 states. 

1688

GLORIOUS REVOLUTION

William of Orange and Mary II of England accepted the BILL OF RIGHTS (enacted in 1689) as a condition of their reign from Parliament.  

-Peace of Utrecht: ends War of Spanish Succession and Louis XIV's attempts at territorial expansion

-Pragmatic Sanction: guarantees the entire Austrian Empire to Charles VI's daughter, Maria Theresa; is violated when Frederick the Great seizes Silesia

1715

-Death of Louis XIV

-[unofficial] Start of the Enlighment.

1763

Peace of Paris: marks end of Seven Years War 

1776

Adam Smith's Wealth of Nations

1789

-Estates General meets (May 5)

-Third Estate declares the National Assembly (Jun. 17)

-Tennis Court Oath (Jun. 20)

-Storming of the Bastille (Jul. 14)

-Great Fear (Jul.-Aug.)

-Renunciation of aristocratic privileges (Aug. 4)

-Constituent Assembly adopts Declaration of Rights of Man (Aug. 26)

-Women's March on Versailles (Oct. 5)

1793

-Execution of Louis XVI (Jan. 21)

-levée en masse-French draft (Feb. 24)

-Execution of Marie Antoinette (Oct. 16)

-Establishment of the Committee of Public Safety (Apr.)

1815

-Congress of Vienna

-Battle of Waterloo (June 18) marks end of Hundred Days and Napoleon's empire

1830

-Greek Independence

-Revolutions of 1830:

Charles X issues July Ordinances

July Revolution topples the last Bourbon Monarch

1832

Great Reform Bill

-gave more people the vote and abolished rotten boroughs 

-other reform bills: 1867; 1884

1848

-The Communist Manifesto

-Overthrow of Louis Philippe (Feb.)

-Nationalist revolts in Austrian Empire (beginning in Mar.)

-Frankfurt Parliament (May)

-"June Days" in Paris

-Louis Napoleon elected President of the Second Republic (Dec.)

1871

-Establishment of the German Empire

• 1866: Austro-Prussian War
• 1870: Franco-Prussian War

-Paris Commune

1905

-Mini-Revolution in Russia: "Bloody Sunday"

-Duma is established

-First Moroccan Crisis

1914

Start of World War I

-Assassination of Franz Ferdinand (Jun. 28)

-A-H issues ultimatum to Serbia (Jul. 23)

-A-H declares war on Serbia (Jul. 28)

-Russia begins mobilization (Jul. 29)

-Germany declares war on Russia, then France (Aug. 1; Aug. 3)

-Germans defeat Russians at Tannenburg (Aug. 26-30)

-First Battle of the Marne (Sept. 5-10)

1917

-Zimmermann Telegram (Jan. 19)

-Germany resumes unrestricted submarine warfare (Feb. 1)

-U.S. declares war on Germany (Apr. 6)

-Russian Revolution:

Provisional Gov. established (Feb.)

Bolshevik seizure of power (Nov.)

Treaty of Brest-Litovsk (Dec. 3)

1918

-Armistice is signed

-Worldwide influenza outbreak

-Female suffrage in Great Britain

-German Republic established after abdication of Kaiser Wilhelm II (Nov. 10)

1919

-Treaty of Versailles

-Mussolini organizes first Fascist party

-Weimar constitution established

1929

-Beginning of collectivized farms in Soviet Union

-Lateran Accord between Mussolini and Catholic Church

-Stock Market crash: Great Depression begins

1933

-Hitler becomes Chancellor

-Reichstag fire

-Enabling Act

-Germany withdraws from League of Nations

1938

-Munich Conference

Cedes the Sudetenland

Annexation of Austria (Anschluss)

Dismemberment of Czechoslovakia

-Kristallnacht (Nov. 9)

1939

-Nazi-Soviet Nonagression Pact

-German Invasion of Poland (Sept. 1)

-England and France declare war on Germany (Sept. 3)

1941

-Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor

-Operation Barbarossa: German invasion of the Soviet Union (Jun. 22)

-Atlantic Charter

1945

-Yalta Conference (Feb. 4-11)

-Hitler commits suicide (Apr. 30)

-Victory of British Labour Party over Conservatives (Jul.)

-Potsdam Conference (Jul. 17-Aug. 2)

- Creation of United Nations as charter is ratified (Oct.)

1956

-Twentieth Party Congress: Khrushchev denounces Stalin's "cult of personality"

-De-Stalinization begins

-Hungarian uprising demanding to be let out of the Warsaw Pact; Soviets crush the uprising

1968

-Wave of student protests across Europe

-Prague Spring: attempt by Dubček to grant additional rights to the citizens in an act of partial decentralization of the economy and democratization in Czechoslovakia

-Brezhnev Doctrine

1989

Revolutions of 1989:

leads to the end of Communist rule in Eastern Europe

-Soviet Union loses its satellites

-Warsaw Pact ends.

-Start taking down Berlin Wall, unification of Germany

(Hi, I added it cuz it wasn't here)

1991

End of the Soviet Union:

the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics collapses into 15 sovereign republics