Term
|
Definition
-1315 to 1322
-storms
-poor harvest
-failure in wheat, hay, and oat
-by 1348, the crops failed 20 times
-these things made the way for the Black Death
-1316 to 1318, typhoid epidemic
*lasting from 1315-1322, this event caused susceptibility to disease and loss of productivity and population |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-black rat dies-->fleas stomach--.bit humans
-bubonic plague
-laws against using marmat for food and clothing |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-a growth called a boil, or buba, caused agonizing pain
-then pus
-then black spots caused by bleeding under the skin |
|
|
Term
| Black Death/last appearance |
|
Definition
| -1721 in the French port city of Marseilles |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-cared for the sick and buried the dead
-left many weak when they died from the plague
-left it right for reform
-high mortality rates |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-population loss made a rise in per capita income--balance-England, 1/3 died
-overall,out of 9,000,000, 4,000,000 died |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-1351
*the english law that tried to freeze the wages of english workers so as to stop the inflation of prices in 1351 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-people who whipped and scourged themselves as penace for their and society's sins, in the belief that the Black Death was God's punishment for humanity's wickedness
-extremists |
|
|
Term
| estabishment/colleges following the Black Death |
|
Definition
-no one traveled
-people created their own educational institutions
-a result=no multinational influence
-the international character of medieval culture weakened
-ex. Oxford, Corpus Christi, Cambridge |
|
|
Term
| Direct cause of 100 years war |
|
Definition
1. french barrons gave the throne to Philip the Fair of Valois
2. edward agreed to become a vassel
3. the frnehcc barrons didnt want edward to be king of france
4. philip wanted full aquitaine
5. edward III argues as successor of charles
-a war of succession and a civil war
-no central government
-the french barrons didnt want the king to rule |
|
|
Term
| why french barrons supported english |
|
Definition
-they did it in order to thwart the centralizing goals of the french crown
-it bacame a french civil war |
|
|
Term
| clergy/popular patriotism |
|
Definition
| -in both countries, the kings instructed the clergy to deliver sermons filled with patriotic sentiment |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-1346
-in northern france, english used the longbow and cannons to defeat the french kights and crossbows
*at the city in northern france, english longbowmen scored a great victory over french knights and crossbowmen in 1346 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
*in 1415, henry V defeated the french and went on to recapture Normandy
-then paris |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-this girl's victory at orleans in 1429, eventually enabled chales VII to be crowned at Reims
-said she heard voices from saints
- |
|
|
Term
| war + politics: assemblies, taxes, and nationalism |
|
Definition
-representative assemblies
-from 1250-1450 it flurrished
-englands parliament flurrished
-others declined
-knights and burgases=commons
-ther could write
-they included merchants, mayors, councils, traders, tax collectors, boatbuilders, artisans, and priests
-the biggest city=flanders for world trade and it was highly urbanized
-the english parliament met 37 times because edward needed money
-the commons began to learn common interests
-parliament held purse strings in 1341
**statute of 1341=required all nonfuedal levies have parliamentary consent
-in 1347, there were not many laborers
-france=provisional assemblies
**nationalism--both countries
-a sense of unity and pride in something
-in this case, it was in their armies |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| -1309 to 1376 the popes lived in avignon |
|
|
Term
| romes poverty-stricken economy |
|
Definition
-it was the center of the european church
-its economy was based on its papal court and its tourism |
|
|
Term
| conciliarists and popes authority |
|
Definition
-a constitutional form
-where papal would be shared
-these people were defended by the book "defensor Pacis"
**their philosiphy held that the pope derived his authority from the entire christian community. they favored a constitutional form of church government |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-lived from 1330-1384
-urged the scriptures
-his followers=lollards
-the pope shouldnt be a temperal leader
-the scriptures alone should be the standard of christian belief and practice |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-1414 to 1418
*the church leaders who meet in this city did little more that elect a pope (Martin V--a roman cardinal) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
marriage and the family provided such peace and satisfaction as most people attained
-church law stressed that for a marriage to be valid, both partners must freely consent to it
-the evidence shows, above all where land or property accompanied the union, that parents took the lead in arranging their children's marriages
-most marriages were between men and women of the same village |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| *an english gentry whose letters tell of a slight tenderness toward their children and of a mutual affection and devotion |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
*jan hus approved this heresy which ultimately resulted in his being burned at the stake
-he was a czech reformer--bohemian
-this is the belief that the reception of the eucharist should be under both species--bread and wine |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
**forrunner of the protestant revolution
-he was unjustly executed
-a defender of freedom of expression |
|
|
Term
| prostitution and the state |
|
Definition
-invovles "a socially definable group of women who earn their living primarily or exclusively from the sexual commerce of their bodies
*this profession became a social matter requiring public supervision during the Middle Ages
*it reflected a greater tolerance for male sexuality than for woman sexuality |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-did not exist
-anulments were granted in extraordinary circumstances |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-14 to 15 centuries
-causes--peasant dissatisfaction
-they hated the lords
-course of events--flanders in 1323 to 1328, then france in 1358, then england in 1381
*the statute of laborers of 1351 and then the reimposition of a head tax on all adult males caused the revolt in england |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| *the statute of laborers of 1351 and then the reimposition of a head tax on all adult males caused this revolt |
|
|
Term
| ethnic divisions/european frontiers |
|
Definition
-racism rested on socially onstructed beliefs and customs, not biological
-chief marks=language, customs, and laws
-eng. frontiers=the edges of england
-ont he latin europe discrimination, ghettoization, and race, characterized the attitudes of colonists toward native people |
|
|
Term
| mudejars--dualism in laws(legal dualism) |
|
Definition
-spanish mudejars
-muslim subjects of christian kings that received guarantees of separate but equal judical rights
-legal dualism--native people remained subject to their traditional laws while newcomers brought and were subject to the laws of the countries from which they came |
|
|
Term
| Ireland--racial discrimination |
|
Definition
-the english practiced an extreme form of racial discrimination towards the native Irish
-they distinguished between the "free" and the "unfree"
-the Irish were "unfree" |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-czechs/slavs hated germans
- |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-a survey of bohemian history that pervaded with czech hostility toward germans
-it showed their hatred toward germans |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-in 1366
-stated that there were to be no marriages between those of immigrants and navite stock; that the english inhabitants of ireland must employ the engish language and bear english names |
|
|
Term
| vernacular literature and authors |
|
Definition
-vernacular=their country's native language
-dante=divine comedy
-chaucer=canterbury tales
-villon=grand testament |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-many people possessed books
-children went to school
-laymen served as managers or stewards of estates and as clerks to guilds and town governments
-many people, esp. women possessed the first literacy
-the spread of literacy represents a response to the needs of an increasingly complex society
-trade, commerce, and expanding governmental bureacracies required more and more literate people |
|
|
