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| Whig president, elected in 1840; Webster and Clay tried to use him as a puppet; died after 4 weeks in office; Tippacanoe |
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| Vice President in 1840 and took over when Harrison died. Was actually a Democrat, only in the Whig party because he didn't like Jackson and his domineering ways. Twice vetoed Congressional bills for a national bank; expelled from the Whig party; eventually signed the reduced tariff of 1842. arranged a joint resolution to acquire Texas |
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| American ship carrying supplies to rebels in Canada; burned by the British and almost triggered Anglo-American war when America threatened to execute a suspect. |
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| American ship captured by slaves and given asylum by Britain in the Bahamas |
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| boundary dispute between Britain and American in Maine; settled by Ashburton-Webster treaty |
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| unofficial diplomat sent to America from Britain to resolve the Maine boundary dispute |
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| Spain dropped claims to Oregon and sold America Florida for $5 million; America gave up claims to Texas |
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| boundary offered by Britain to separate Oregon |
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| Democratic candidate in 1844; first "dark-horse" candidate; "Young Hickory"; supported a lowered tariff, anti-national bank, annexing California, dealing with Oregon. Tried to provoke a war with Mexico. |
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| chief clerk of the State Department, sent to arrange a treaty with Mexico; arranged a ceasefire that let Mexico rearm; then later the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo |
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| treaty that ended the Mexican War; gave Texas and California to America for $15 million |
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| proposal that slavery be prohibited in all territory acquired from Mexico |
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| veteran of the War of 1812; Democratic candidate in 1848; father of popular sovreignty |
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| Mexican War hero; Whig candidate in 1848; died two years later. |
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| supported the Wilmot Proviso, internal improvements, and free homesteads for settlers; consisted of industrialists who wanted tariffs, Democrats who didn't like Polk only taking part of Oregon but all of Texas, Northerners who didn't want blacks in the new territories, Conscience (antislavery) Whigs; supported Martin Van Buren. didn't want whites to have to compete with slave labor. |
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suggested by Henry Clay:
.1. California is free, New Mexico and Utah are pop. sovereignty
.2. slavery in DC continues, but slave trade ends
.3. fugitive slave law |
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| member of the Young Guard; argued that slavery was morally wrong and if the South insisted on it, N and S would have to separate -- against the Compromise |
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| VP under Taylor, took over when he died. signed Compromise measures |
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| Second Era of Good Feelings |
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| after 3rd Compromise, N and S wanted to bury the issue of slavery -- ended by controversy over the Fugitive Slave Law |
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| passed by the North in response to the Fugitive Slave Law -- prohibited the use of state resources to aid the capture of slaves. |
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| accused escaped slaves were denied a jury trial and couldn't defend themselves, a conviction would get a judge $10 while a release was only $5, people aiding runaways were punished severely, and could be forced to aid the hunters. |
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| Democratic candidate in 1852; 2nd dark horse candidate; pro-Southern Northerner; supported the Compromise of 1850 entirely; willing to support Southern attempts to get more slave territory; supported the Kansas-Nebraska Act |
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| American Southern pirates who attacked Cuba |
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| a covert attempt by America to conquer Cuba if Spain refused to accept money for it. Northern Free Soilers prevented it from passing. |
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| organized by James Gadsden, the minister to Mexico; bought an area of land through which a transcontinental railroad could be built. |
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| "Little Giant"; wanted Westward expansion and for Chicago to be the eastern terminus of the railroad. Proposed Kansas-Nebraska Act |
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| Nebraska Territory would be split into two parts, Kansas and Nebraska, both of which would decide slavery by popular sovereignty. Presumably, Kansas would be slave and Nebraska, free. South supported (they wanted more slave states) and North detracted (canceled the Missouri Compromise.) -- K-N rekindled tensions between North and South, and persuaded North not to compromise with the South anymore -- started to completely ignore the Fugitive Slave Law. Resulted in the creation of the Republican Party |
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| members were against the Kansas-Nebraska act -- free soilers, Whigs, Know-Nothings, etc. |
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| American Anti-Slavery Society |
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| founded by William Lloyd Garrison and Arthur Tappan. Liberty Party stemmed from it. |
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| a novel by Harriet Beecher Stowe that helped set off the Civil War by arousing sympathy for the plight of black slaves. |
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| The Impending Crisis in the South |
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| a book by Hinton R Helper which attempted to prove that slavery hurt non-slave holding whites. |
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| New England Emigrant Aid Company |
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| helped Northerners move to Kansas in order to keep it from becoming a slave state |
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| Kansas constitution put forward by the illegally-set up pro-slavery Kansas govt. citizens weren't allowed to vote for or against it, but rather only for or against slavery; even so, if slavery was outvoted, slaveholders currently in Kansas would keep their slaves. |
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| succeeded Pierce as President; supported the South and the Lecompton Constitution; in this way, he divided the Democratic Party along sectional lines and destroyed it. |
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| Senator Sumner was beaten by Senator Brooks for insulting the South and Southerners. |
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| declared that blacks weren't citizens and therefore couldn't sue in court; that slaves were property and hence outlawing slavery was illegal; and, by extension, the Missouri Compromise had been unconstitutional |
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| a statement by Stephan Douglas that if the people willed that slavery should end, it would end, despite legislature by the supreme court |
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| a final attempt to appease the South -- promised that south of the 36-40, slavery would be protected in all current and future territories, even against popular sovereignty. |
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| the slavery issue in a state should be decided by the state and not the federal government |
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| declared the colonists couldn't go west the Appalachians |
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| increased the duties on sugar from the West Indies; lowered after protests |
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| trying to raise revenues so that America would pay partially for their own defense; tried offenders in Admiralty Courts, guilty until proven innocent; resulted in the Stamp Act Congress |
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| drew up a statement of rights and grievances regarding the Stamp Tax -- start of Colonial Unity |
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| passed after the Stamp Tax was repealed; said that Britain could do anything it wanted to the Colonies |
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| import duty (indirect taxation) on paper, paint, white lead, glass, etc. -- would go to pay the salaries of British officials in America |
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| Committees of Correspondence |
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| created to keep alive opposition against Britain and Colonial unity to that affect |
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| imposed to punish the colonists for the Boston Tea Party -- Boston Harbor was closed until all damages were paid, town meetings were restricted, British officers who killed American would be sent to Britain for trial |
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| summoned as a response to the Intolerable Acts -- created The Association |
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| created by the 1st Continental Congress -- imposed a complete boycott of British goods (no imports, exports, or consumption.) |
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| created by the 1st Continental Congress -- imposed a complete boycott of British goods (no imports, exports, or consumption.) |
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| offered the Olive Branch petition, but after Bunker Hill King George would have none of it -- still didn't want to secede! |
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| Britain recognized America as an independent nation, offered borders from Spanish Florida to the Great Lakes to the Mississippi River; and gave America a share in the Newfoundland fisheries. America had to repay debts to British creditors, stop persecuting Loyalists and restore their property. |
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| territories would be given to the government to pay of nat'l debt |
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| NW territories would eventually become full states as they gained a large enough population |
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