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Antimicrobials by Drug
Her SG
14
Veterinary Medicine
Professional
04/23/2016

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Cards

Term
Describe the following for Penicillins:
a) Examples
b) MOA
c) Affected bacteria
d) Disposition
e) PK
f) Adverse effects
Definition
a) K+ penicillin, Amoxicillin, Ampicillin
b) inh cross-linkages
c) G+, Amp = G-, all anaerobes
d) Mod polar
e) Time-dep
f) Hypersensitivity rxns
Term
Describe the following Cephalosporins:
a) Examples
b) MOA
c) Affected bacteria
d) Disposition
e) PK
f) Adverse effects
Definition
a) 1st gen= Cefazolin/Cephalexin/Cefadroxil, 2nd gen= Cefoxitin, 3rd gen= Ceftiofur/Cefovecin/Cefpodoxime, 4th gen=Cefepime
b) inh cross-linkages
c) 1st gen= G+, 2 & 3= G-, 3= Pseudomonas, all do g- anaerobes
d) 1st gen= mod polar & 2rd gen = mod LS
e) Time-dep
f) hypersensitivity rxns, GI toxicity
Term
Describe the following for Carbapenems:
a) Examples
b) MOA
c) Affected bacteria
d) Disposition
e) PK
f) Adverse effects
Definition
a) Imipenem
b) inhibit cross-linkages
c) broad spectrum, G- anaerobes
d) who knows
e) Time-dependent
f) who knows
Term
Describe the following for Monobactams:
a) Examples
b) MOA
c) Affected bacteria
d) Disposition
e) PK
f) Adverse effects
Definition
a) Aztreonam
b) inhibit cross-linkages
c) G-, pseudomonas
d) who knows
e) Time-dependent
f) who knows
Term
Describe the following for Aminoglycosides:
a) Examples
b) MOA
c) Affected bacteria
d) Disposition
e) PK
f) Adverse effects
Definition
a) Gentamicin, Amikacin, Neomycin, Streptomycin, Tobramycin
b) bind to 30S
c) G-, Pseudomonas
d) highly polar
e) Conc-dep
f) nephrotoxicity, ototoxicity, NM block
Term
Describe the following for Tetracyclines:
a) Examples
b) MOA
c) Affected bacteria
d) Disposition
e) PK
f) Adverse effects
Definition
a) Tetracycline, Oxytetracycline, Doxycycline
b) bind to 30S
c) Broad spectrum aerobes and anaerobes, intracellulars
d) mod lipid soluble
e) time AND conc dependent
f) GI toxicity, yellow teeth
Term
Describe the following for Chloramphenicols:
a) Examples
b) MOA
c) Affected bacteria
d) Disposition
e) PK
f) Adverse effects
Definition
a) Chloramphenicol, Florfenicol
b) bind to 50S
c) Broad spectrum aerobes and anaerobes, intracellulars
d) highly lipid soluble
e) who knows
f) bone marrow suppression
Term
Describe the following for Macrolides:
a) Examples
b) MOA
c) Affected bacteria
d) Disposition
e) PK
f) Adverse effects
Definition
a) Erythromycin, Azithromycin, Clarithromycin, Tylosin, Tilmicosin
b) bind to 50S
c) G+ aerobes and anaerobes, intracellulars
d) highly lipid soluble
e) time-dependent
f) GI toxicity, Tilmicosin = CV toxicity
Term
Describe the following for Lincosamides:
a) Examples
b) MOA
c) Affected bacteria
d) Disposition
e) PK
f) Adverse effects
Definition
a) Clindamycin
b) bind to 50S
c) G+, G- anaerobe
d) mod lipid soluble
e) time-dependent
f) GI toxicity
Term
Describe the following for Fluoroquinolones:
a) Examples
b) MOA
c) Affected bacteria
d) Disposition
e) PK
f) Adverse effects
Definition
a) Ciprofloxacin, Enrofloxacin, Orbifloxacin, Marbofloxacin, Difloxicin
b) inh DNA gyrase
c) broad spectrum, pseudomonas, intracellulars
d) mod lipid soluble
e) time and conc dependent
f) Arthropathy in young & retinal degen in cats
Term
Describe the following for Rifampin:
a) Examples
b) MOA
c) Affected bacteria
d) Disposition
e) PK
f) Adverse effects
Definition
a) Rifampin
b) inh DNA dep RNAP
c) G+
d) highly lipid soluble
e) who knows
f) red tears, saliva, and urine
Term
Describe the following for Metronidazole:
a) Examples
b) MOA
c) Affected bacteria
d) Disposition
e) PK
f) Adverse effects
Definition
a) Nitroimidazole
b) acts as a free radical to damage DNA
c) broad spectrum anaerobes
d) who knows
e) who knows
f) carcinogenic/mutagenic, neuro toxicity, GI toxicity
Term
Describe the following for Sulfonamides:
a) Examples
b) MOA
c) Affected bacteria
d) Disposition
e) PK
f) Adverse effects
Definition
a) Sulfadimethoxine, Silver sulfadiazine
b) inh Folic Acid metabolism
c) broad spectrum, pseudomonas
d) mod lipid soluble
e) who knows
f) teratogenic, keratoconjunctivitis sicca in dogs, GI toxicity
Term
Describe the following for Diaminopyrimidines:
a) Examples
b) MOA
c) Affected bacteria
d) Disposition
e) PK
f) Adverse effects
Definition
a) Trimethoprim, Ormetoprim
b) inh folic acid metabolism
c) who knows
d) mod lipid soluble
e) who knows
f) teratogenic, keratoconjunctivitis sicca in dogs, GI toxicity
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