Term
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Definition
Antibacterials - prevent cross-linking of peptidoglycan cell wall by binding to PBP
e.g. penicillins, cephlasporins |
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Term
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Definition
A beta-lactam (antibacterial) - prevent cross-linking of peptidoglycan cell wall by binding to PBP
-good acid stability, susceptible to beta-lactamase, targets gram +ve |
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Term
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Definition
A penicillin (antibacterial)
-very good acid stability, susceptible to beta-lactamase, targets gram +ve and -ve |
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Term
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Definition
A penicillin (antibacterial)
-very poor acid stability, susceptible to beta-lactamase, targets gram +ve and -ve and Pseudomonas |
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Term
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Definition
A beta-lactam (antibacterial) - prevent cross-linking of peptidoglycan cell wall by binding to PBP
e.g. cephalexin, ceftiofur |
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Term
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Definition
a beta-lactam ring w. almost no antibacterial action but which irreversibly binds and inhibits beta-lactamase - give in combo. w. susceptible beta-lactams
e.g. amoxycillin + clavulanic acid = synulox |
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Term
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Definition
| Amoxycillin and clavulanic acid |
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Term
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Definition
A 3rd generation cephalosporin (antibacterial)
-variable acid stability, susceptible to beta-lactamase, targets gram +ve and -ve and Pseudomonas |
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Term
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Definition
Antiobacterial which prevents peptidoglycan synthesis - inhibits the enzyme which joins 2 terminal alanines of NAM side chain
-used in TB treatment |
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Term
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Definition
Antiobacterial which prevents peptidoglycan synthesis - inhibits transgkycosylation in fomration of peptidogylcan
-mainly gram -ve |
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Term
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Definition
| Antiobacterial which prevents peptidoglycan synthesis - quite toxic so not for systemic used, use for mastitis |
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Definition
Antibacterials which affect bact. protein synthesis - competes w. tRNA for A site of ribosome
e.g chlortetracyline, oxytetracycline |
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Term
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Definition
Antibacterials which affect bact. protein synthesis -cause misreading of codon in translation creates unfunctional proteins, and so dec. cell functionality and membrane damage.
Esp. gram -ves
e.g. neomycin, streptomycin, gentamicin |
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Term
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Definition
An aminoglycoside antibact. which interfers w. bact. protein synthesis
-useful for GI inf. - too toxic for systemic use |
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Term
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Definition
| An aminoglycoside antibact. which interfers w. bact. protein synthesis |
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Term
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Definition
| An aminoglycoside antibact. which interfers w. bact. protein synthesis - also against Pseudomonas |
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Term
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Definition
Antibacterials which affects bact. protein synthesis - inhibits peptide bond formation in formation of aa. chain
-banned in livestock due to tx of Salmonella typhai in man |
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Term
| Macrolides and lincosamides |
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Definition
Antibacterials which affect bact. protein synthesis - inhibits translocation
Both gram +ve, Ls also anaerobic bact.
M. e.g. erythromycin, spiramycin
L. e.g. clindamycin |
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Term
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Definition
| A macrolide antibacterial (affects protein synthesis) |
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Term
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Definition
| A macrolide antibacterial (affects protein synthesis) |
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Term
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Definition
A lincosamide antibacterial (affects protein synthesis)
Also anti-protozoal for toxoplasmosis in cats. |
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Term
| Sulphonamides and trimethoprim |
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Definition
| Antibacterial and antiprotozoal (anticoccidial) - affect synthesis of folic acid (required for synthesis of TMP, required in DNA) i.e. inhibit DNA synthesis |
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Term
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Definition
Antibacterial - inhibits topoisomerase II (DNA gyrase) which catalyses unwinding of bact. supercoiled DNA, which is necessary to package DNA into cell i.e. inhibits DNA replication
e.g. Nalidixic acid |
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Term
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Definition
| A quinolone - antibacterial - inhibits topoisomerase II (DNA gyrase) which catalyses unwinding of bact. supercoiled DNA, which is necessary to package DNA into cell i.e. inhibits DNA replication |
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Term
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Definition
Antiprotozoal (anticoccidial) - a thiamine analogue - blocks thiamine transporter so decr. thiamine and disrupts CHO metabolism
-Only Eimera |
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Term
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Definition
Antiprotozoal (anticoccidial) - blocks mitochondial resp. and so ATP production.
Eimera only.
e.g. decoquinolate |
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Term
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Definition
a 4-hydroxyquinolone
-an antiprotozoal (anticoccidial) - blocks mitochondial resp. and so ATP production.
Eimera only. |
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Term
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Definition
Antiprotozoal (anticoccidial) - makes cell memb. permeable, exchanges Na+ for K+ so decr. IC K+ , which is vital for metabolic actions
e.g. monensin |
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Term
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Definition
| An ionophore - an antiprotozoal (anticoccidial) - makes cell memb. permeable, exchanges Na+ for K+ so decr. IC K+ , which is vital for metabolic actions |
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Term
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Definition
An anti-protozoal which interferes w. polyamine synthesis essential for protozoal growth
-babesia in cattle |
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Term
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Definition
Anti-protozoal - a prodrug which acts a cofactor in oxidation of pyruvate to acetyl CoA in ANAEROBES - reduced to free radical which disrupts IC macromol.
-only anaerobic inf.
-Giarda, Trichomonas |
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Term
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Definition
An anti-mycotic - binds to ergosterol and forms a large pore in the cell membrane
-fungicidal (unusual)
-wide spectrum - Aspergillus spp. and canidida |
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Term
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Definition
An anti-mycotic - inhibits nucleic acid synthesis, mitosis and microtubule formation so inhibits replication
-deposits in newly formed skin so used for dermatomycoses |
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Term
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Definition
Anti-mycotics - inhibit cytochrome p450 enzyme whcih converts lanosterol to ergosterol precurser, so decr. ergosterol and decr. membrane integrity
-broad fungal spectrum |
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Term
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Definition
| An anti-mycotic (yeasts only) - a cytosine nucleoside analogue converted to 5-fU then f. UMP (inhibits RNA synthesis) then f.UTP (inhibits DNA syn.) |
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Term
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Definition
Antiviral - inhibits penetration and uncoating of virus
-used prophylatically against Influenza A epidemic |
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Term
| Antiviral nucleoside analogues |
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Definition
| Idoxuridine, Acyclovir, Azidothymidine (AZT) |
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Term
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Definition
Antiviral - structureal analogue of thymidine - inhibits repl. of DNA viruses esp. herpes
-used in tx of herpetic keratitis in H and cats |
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Term
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Definition
| An anti-viral - structural analogue of guanosine - prodrug activated by phosphorylation to triphosphate (by virus and host cell kinases) activated form inhibits herpes DNA polymerase |
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Term
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Definition
An anti-viral - prodrug activated by phosphorylation to triphosphate (by virus and host cell kinases) activated form binds and inhibits reverse transcriptase required for repl. by retroviridae
-FIV esp, also FeLV |
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