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Anterior Abdominal Wall
Medical School Gross Anatomy
29
Anatomy
Graduate
10/18/2011

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Cards

Term
How many quadrants can be defined in the anterior abdominal wall?
Definition
Either 9 or 4 dependent on the planes
Term
What is McBurney's point?
Definition
Spot a third of the way down an imaginary line drawn between the Anterior Superior Illiac Spine and Umbillicus. Historically appendectomies were performed here
Term
What are the two layers of superficial fascia immediately deep to the skin?
Definition
Campers Fascia (yellow fat)

Scarpa's Fascia (membranous fascia)
Term
What are the layers of tissue below the skin in the anterior abdominal wall?
Definition
Superficial fascia
Muscles
Transversalis Fascia
Extraperitoneal fat/fascia
Peritoneum
Term
What is the first lateral muscle found in the anterior wall?
Definition
External Abdominal Oblique
Term
What is the linea alba?
Definition
The point where EAO aponeurosis from each side meet
Term
What is the linea semilunaris?
Definition
Line just lateral to the linea alba
Term
What is the deep inguinal ring?
Definition
continuation of the Transversalis fascia that has differing implications dependent on sex of the patient
Term
How does the aponeurosis of the anterior abdominal wall muscles course over the rectus abdominus above the umbillicus?
Definition
EAO goes anterior

IAO splits around

Transversus goes posterior
Term
How does the aponeurosis of the anterior abdominal wall muscles course over the rectus abdominus below the umbillicus?
Definition
EAO, IAO, and Transversus all go posterior

the only fascia anterior is the transversalis fascis
Term
What are tendinous intersections?
Definition
Tendons that run along and bisect the rectus abdominus
Term
What is the arcuate line?
Definition
line along the posterior layer of the rectus sheath where the aponeurosis goes from containing IAO, transversus, and transversalis fascia to containing only transversalis fascia
Term
What vasculature runs immediately posterior to the rectus abdominalis?
Definition
Inferior epigastric artery and vein
Term
What vasculature runs immediately anterior to the rectus abdominus muscle?
Definition
Superior epigastric artery and vein
Term
Inferior epigastric branches off of what vessel?
Definition
External illiac
Term
Superior epigastric branches off of what vessel?
Definition
Internal thoracic
Term
Once the external illiac passes underneath the inguinal ligament, what does its name change too?
Definition
Femoral artery
Term
Caput Medusae is indicative of what?
Definition
Caput Medusae: swelling of veins in the abdomen

indicative of portal hypertension
Term
What venous vessel connects the axillary vein to the portal venous drainage system?
Definition
Thoracoepigastric
Term
Lymph drainage above the umbillicus goes to which lymph nodes?
Definition
Axillary
Term
Lymph drainage below the umbillicus goes to which nodes?
Definition
Superficial inguinal nodes
Term
Thoracoabdominal ventral rami of spinal nerves give out which branches?
Definition
Lateral and anterior branches
Term
Dorsal rami of thoracic nerves T7-T12 travel between which two anterior abdominal wall muscles?
Definition
IAO and transversus
Term
The lateral branches of dorsal rami T1-T7 pierce which anterior abdominal muscles?
Definition
EAO and IAO
Term
The anterior branch of dorsal rami T7-T12 pierce which anterior abdominal wall muscles?
Definition
Rectus Abdominus
Term
Dorsal rami nerve fibers of L1 form what two branches?
Definition
Ilioinguinal and Iliohypogastric
Term
Pinpoint pain of the belly is indicative of damage where?
Definition
The anterior abdominal wall
Term
Diffuse abdominal pain is indicative of what?
Definition
Referred pain from visceral damage
Term
What is a good way to detect malingering in a patient complaining of abdominal pain?
Definition
Check abdomen for guarding
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