Term
| What are the functions of the anterior abdominal wall? |
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Definition
1) House and protect major viscera 2) Create changes in intra-abdominal Pressure Breathing, [Urination, Defecation, Parturition= contraction] |
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Term
| What are the boundaries of the Anterior Abdominal Wall? |
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Definition
Inferior: Pelvic inlet Superior: inferior thoracis aperture Superficially: Superior margin of lower limb |
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Term
| What are the 4 horizontal planes in the abdomen and what are their vertebral levels? |
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Definition
Transpyloric: T1 Subcostal: L2/L3 Transumbilical: L3/L4 Transtubercular: L4/L5 |
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Term
| What are the nine zones and the planes that delineate them? |
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Definition
The two horizontal planes are the subcostal (L1) and the transtuburcular (L4) and the two vertical planes are the midclavicular lines. Rt hypochondrium, epigastrium, lt hypochondrium rt lateral, umbilical, lt lateral right inguinal, hypogastrium, lt inguinal |
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Term
| What planes delineate the 4 quadrants? |
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Definition
| The midline and the transumbilical (L3) |
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Term
| What are the 5 mm of the anterior abdominal wall? |
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Definition
| External oblique, the internal oblique, transversus abdominus, rectus abdominus, and the pyramidalis. |
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Term
| What is the proximal and distal atchmnt of the external oblique and what is its action? What innervates it? |
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Definition
Proximal: outer surface of ribs 5-12 Distal: illiac crest, apponeurosis: linea alba Action: Compresses abdominal contents, bilateral bending of trunk, unilateral flexion of trunk to same side, rotation of anterior abdomen to opposite side. Innervation: anterior rami of spinal nerves T7-T12 |
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Term
| What is the attchmnt of the internal oblique? How does its action differ from the external oblique and what innervates it in addition to T7-T12? |
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Definition
Proximal: thoracolumbar fascia, illiac crest and inguinal ligament.
Distal: inf. border of ribs 9-12, aponeorosis ends at linea alba, pubic crest and pectineal line.
Action: Rotates abdomen to the same side.
Innervation: L1 |
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Term
| What are the attchmnts of the transversus abdominus and whata re its actions and innervation (in addition to T7-T12)? |
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Definition
Proximal: thoracolumbar fascia, illiac crest, lateral 2/3 of inguinal ligament, costal cartilages of ribs 7-12.
Distal: pubic crest , pectineal line, apponeurses end at linea alba
Actions: compresses abdominal contents.
Innervation: L1 |
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Term
| What are the attchmnts of the rectus abdominus and what are its actions and innervation? |
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Definition
Proximal: Pubic crest, pubic tubercle, and pubic symphysis
Distal: costal cartilages of ribs 5-7, xiphiod process.
Actions:compress abdominal contents, flex vertebral column, tense abdominal wall.
Innervations: t7-t12 |
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Term
| What are the atchmnts of the pyramidalis m and what are its actions and innervation? |
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Definition
Proximal: pubis, pubic symphysis
Distal: linea alba
Action: tenses linea alba
Innervation: anterior ramus of spinal nerve T12 |
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Term
| What aponeorsis contribute to lineal alba and where does the linea alba run and what tenses it? |
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Definition
| transversus abdominu, external/internal oblique mm. Seperates the rectus abdominus and is tensed by the pyrimidalis m. |
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Term
| What are the layers of the anterolateral abdominal wall? |
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Definition
| Skin, Camper's fascia, Scarpa's fascia, external oblique, internal oblique, transversus abdominus, transversalis fascia, extraperitoneal fat, parietal peritoneum. |
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Term
| What is the anterior cutaneous nn supply to the anterior abdominal wall? |
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Definition
Anterior cutaneous nn immediately lateral to linea alba, pierce rectus sheath:
superior to umbilicus: T7-T9
umbilicus: T10
Inferior: T11-T12 (subcostal n), L1 (illiohypogastric, illioinguinal) |
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Term
| What is the lateral cutaneous nerve supply to the anterior abdominal wall? |
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Definition
Emerge btwn serratus anterior and external oblique.
T12: subcostal (just sup to illiac crest)
L1: hypogastric and illioinguinal (sup to illiac crest, inf to subcostal) |
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Term
| What are the five major aa of the anterior abdominal wall? |
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Definition
Superior (ITA) and inferior epigastric (Ext illiac) (deep to rectus abdominus)
Superficial circumflex illiac and superficial epigastric aa (of femoral and deep circumflex illiac (external illiac) |
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