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ANT 3100: Chapter 12: Part 1
Spinal Cord and Spinal Nerves
32
Anatomy
Undergraduate 1
11/04/2012

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Term
spinal cord (description)
Definition
major communication link between the brain and the PNS
Term
spinal cord is involved with
Definition
reflex mechanisms and the integration of incoming information
Term
length of spinal cord
Definition
extends from the medulla oblongata to L1-L2
Term
spinal cord is located within the
Definition
vertebral canal
Term
the vertebral is formed by
Definition
the vertebral foramina of the vertebrae
Term
meninges
Definition
connective tissue membranes that surround the spinal cord
Term
3 meninges of the spinal cord
Definition
1) dura mater
2) arachnoid mater
3) pia mater
Term
spinal tap
Definition
procedure in which CSF is drawn from the subarachnoid space
Term
location where a spinal tap is done
Definition
at L3-L4 or L4-L5
Term
3 major structures of the spinal cord
Definition
1) cervical enlargement
2) lumbar enlargement
3) conus medullaris
Term
cervical enlargement
Definition
region where axons supplying the upper extremities enter or leave the spinal cord
Term
lumbar enlargement
Definition
region where axons supplying the lower extremities enter or leave the spinal cord
Term
cauda equina
Definition
collection of nerve roots that extend from the lumbar enlargement
Term
conus medullaris
Definition
cone shaped end of the spinal cord
Term
the conus medullaris is anchored to the coccyx by
Definition
the filum terminale (continuation of the pia mater)
Term
4 major structures of gray matter in the spinal cord
Definition
1) anterior horns
2) lateral horns
3) posterior horns
4) central canal
Term
anterior horns
Definition
contain cell bodies of motor neurons supplying skeletal muscle
Term
lateral horns
Definition
contain cell bodies of motor neurons supplying smooth or cardiac muscle
Term
location of the lateral horns
Definition
only at T1-L2 vertebral levels
Term
posterior horns
Definition
contains axons of sensory neurons
Term
central canal
Definition
canal located in the center of the gray matter; filled with CSF
Term
3 major structures of white matter in the spinal cord
Definition
1) ventral columns
2) dorsal columns
3) lateral columns
Term
number of pairs of spinal nerves associated with the spinal cord
Definition
31
Term
the pairs of nerves give rise to
Definition
peripheral nerves that supply all parts of the body
Term
spinal nerves are attached to the spinal cord by way of
Definition
dorsal roots and ventral roots
Term
dorsal roots
Definition
contain axons of unipolar sensory neurons
Term
ventral roots
Definition
contain axons of motor neurons
Term
dorsal rami
Definition
contain axons that supply the skin near the midline of the back and deep muscles responsible for movement of the vertebral column
Term
ventral rami from thoracic region
Definition
form intercostal nerves
Term
intercostal nerves
Definition
contain axons that supply the intercostal muscles and skin of the thorax
Term
ventral rami from remaining spinal nerves
Definition
form 5 major plexuses
Term
plexus
Definition
contains axons that supply muscles and skin of the upper and lower extremities
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