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ANIS-Final-Endocrine
ANIS-Final-Endocrine
55
Anatomy
Undergraduate 2
04/22/2009

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Term
Prolactin Releasing Hormone (PRH) stimulates the
(A) anterior pituitary
(B) posterior pituitary
Definition
(A) anterior pituitary
Term
What gland regulates nutrient usage, ionic and fluid balance, energy consumption and helps us with stress?
Definition
suprarenal
Term
If a person is not secreting enough cortisol, and the suprarenal glands are functioning properly, what other specific gland might be causing the problem?
Definition
anterior pituitary because of ACTH
Term
What hormone causes us to retain (reabsorb) sodium and excrete potassium?
Definition
aldosterone
Term
The tissues that respond to hormones are called _______________.
Definition
targets
Term
Which of the following types of chemicals do not act as hormones?
(A) sugars
(B) steroids
(C) amino acid derivatives
(D) peptides
(E) none of these
Definition
(A) sugars
Term
Which of the following has delta and F cells?
(A) thyroid follicles
(B) thymus
(C) adrenal medulla
(D) pancreatic islets
(E) none of these
Definition
(D) pancreatic islets
Term
Cortisol is secreted by the ____________________ zone of the suprarenal cortex.
Definition
fascicular
Term
Which of the following will stimulate glucose synthesis, glycogen catabolism and release of glucose from the liver? This hormone is secreted when we need to add more glucose (sugar) to our blood.
(A) insulin
(B) glucagon
(C) ACTH
(D) cortisol
(E) none of these
Definition
(B) glucagon
Term
Which of the following is synthesized in the hypothalamus?
(A) ACTH
(B) epinephrine
(C) prolactin
(D) oxytocin
(E) none of these
Definition
(D) oxytocin
Term
Corticoids are secreted by the ___________________.
Definition
suprarenal cortex
Term
The secretion of ______________ is stimulated by decreased blood calcium.
Definition
parathyroid hormone (PTH) because of a need to increase blood calcium
Term
Bradycardia, decreased metabolic rate, and myxedema are all symptoms of ______________________.
Definition
hypothyroidism
Term
Which of the following is secreted by the suprarenal glands?
(A) insulin
(B) ACTH
(C) glucagon
(D) prolactin
(E) none of these
Definition
(E) none of these
Term
Which of the following glands is in the neck?
(A) adrenal gland
(B) thryroid gland
(C) pancreas
(D) pituitary
(E) none of these
Definition
(B) thryroid gland
Term
Oxytocin causes?
Definition
milk letdown
Term
Which of the following secretes tropic hormones?
(A) thyroid gland
(B) posterior pituitary
(C) pancreas
(D) anterior pituitary
Definition
(D) anterior pituitary
Term
What gland is both endocrine and exocrine?
Definition
pancreas
Term
Hormones that cannot enter the cell must bind to ___________________.
(A) intracellular receptors
(B) membrance receptors
(C) DNA
(D) calcium
(E) none of the above
Definition
(B) membrane receptors
Term
If a patient’s blood work shows a marked decline in blood calcium, the cause might be ___________________________.
(A) hypothyroidism
(B) diabete
(C) too much calcitonin
(D) too much parathyroid hormone
Definition
too much calcitonin
Term
If a hormone, such as GH, cannot enter the cell it is called the first messenger. Which of the following can act as a second messenger?
(A) adenylate cyclase
(B) ATP
(C) ADP
(D) cyclic-AMP
(E) none of the above
Definition
(D) cyclic-AMP
Term
Which of the following causes giantism?
(A)too much T3
(B)too much GH in an adult
(C)too much cortisol in a child
(D)too much ACTH
(E)none of the above.
Definition
(E)none of the above. It is too much GH before growth stops ( before adulthood)
Term
Endemic goiters are caused by _____________________.
Definition
too little dietary iodine
Term
True or False. The actions of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) will help increase blood pressure
Definition
true because it increases water retention and causes vasoconstriction
Term
Iodine is added to ___________________ to make T3 and T4.
Definition
thyroglobulin
Term
Pancreatic alpha cells secrete ________________________.
Definition
glucagon
Term
What hormone is needed for cells to take-in (uptake) glucose, and to make glycogen?
Definition
insulin
Term
The secretion of epinephrine is stimulated by what branch of the ANS?
Definition
the sympathetic branch of the ANS
Term
Synthesis of glucose; conversion of excess glucose to glycogen for storage in liver to provide an energy reserve; increased use of protein and fat for energy, to spare glucose reserves for brain; maintaining bp by making blood vessels sensitive to vasoconstriction; and reduction of inflammation are the actions of the hormone
Definition
cortisol
Term
Calcitonin is secreted by C cells of the ___________ gland
Definition
thyroid gland
Term
Which of the following hormones will cause us to form liver glycogen after we have eaten?
(A) insulin
(B) TSH
(C) ACTH
(D) glucagon
(E) none of these
Definition
insulin
Term
The thermostat analogy was used to explain _______________________.
Definition
negative feedback
Term
Which of the following quickly increase the alarm (flight or fight) reaction?
(A) hGH
(B) epinephrine
(C) calcitonin
(D) insulin
(E) none of these
Definition
(B) epinephrine
Term
The secretion of most hormones is controlled by ______________ feedback.
Definition
negative
Term
Treu or False. Lack of T3 and T4 secretion from infancy can cause a type of dwarfism.
Definition
true thyroid dwarfism (cretinism)
Term
TSH is secreted by the _______________.
Definition
anterior pituitary
Term
Which blood glucose-controlling hormone is secreted during fasting (when we have not eaten for some time)?
Definition
glucagon
Term
What is another name for the anterior pituitary?
Definition
adenohypohysis
Term
The secretion of ___________ is controlled by positive feedback.
Definition
oxytocin
Term
Which of the following secretes hormones into the blood and enzymes into the intestine?
(A) thyroid gland
(B) pituitary gland
(C) adrenal gland
(D) pancreas
Definition
pancreas
Term
The action of ACTH is ______________________.
Definition
narrow because it targets the adrenal cortex
Term
Which of the following secretes catecholamines?
(A) suprarenal cortex
(B) suprarenal medulla
(C) thyroid gland
(D) anterior pituitary
(E) none of the above
Definition
(B) suprarenal medulla
Term
The funnel-shaped stalk that connects the pituitary to the hypothalamus is the ____.
Definition
infundibulum
Term
Which of the following is a tropic hormone?
(A)insulin
(B)glucagon
(C)epinephrine
(D)ACTH
(E)none of the above
Definition
ACTH (tropic is part of the name)
Term
True or False. The digestive system secretes hormones
Definition
true. Several hormones are secreted by the GI tract as well as the pancreas.
Term
hormone responsible for uterine contractions?
Definition
oxytocin
Term
bronchodilation, what is used to do this?
Definition
epinephrine
Term
GH
Definition
cell division
Term
FSH is what type of hormone?
Definition
tropic hormone
Term
milk production hormone?
Definition
prolactin
Term
polyuria
Definition
excessive urination
Term
polydypsia
Definition
excessive thirst
Term
Addison’s disease
Definition
too little cortisol
Term
Cushing’s disease
Definition
fatty abdomen
Term
hyperthyroidism
Definition
exophthalmia
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