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Animal Science 214
Domestic Animal Anatomy and Physiology Laboratory
64
Anatomy
Undergraduate 3
10/01/2012

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Cards

Term
Anterior/Cranial
Definition
Front of an animal
Term
Posterior
Definition
Back of animal
Term
Medial
Definition
toward the body midline
Term
Lateral
Definition
Away from body midline; toward the side
Term
Proximal
Definition
near,closer to the point of consideration
Term
Dorsal
Definition
top of animal
Term
Ventral
Definition
bottom/stomach of animal
Term
Distal
Definition
far or away from the pt under consideration
Term
Frontal/Coronal Planes
Definition
divides animal into dorsal(top)and ventral(bottom) portions
Term
Transverse Plane
Definition
divides animal into cranial(head)and caudal(tail) portions
Term
Median/Midsagittal Planes
Definition
separates animal into right and left portions
Term
Sagittal Planes
Definition
Any plane parallel to the median plane; left and right portions
Term
Secrete
Definition
produces and exports the secretion
Term
Liver
Definition
Secretes bile into the bile ducts
Term
Excrete
Definition
does not make substance but stores it
Term
Gall Bladder
Definition
only stores bile; bile is made in the liver. (small yellowish bubble on liver)
Term
Function of the Esophagus
Definition
transport food from the pharynx to the stomach
Term
Brachi-
Definition
Arm
Term
Cauda-
Definition
Tail
Term
Cervic-
Definition
Neck
Term
Corpus
Definition
Body
Term
Cyst-
Definition
Bladder or Sac
Term
Glosso-
Definition
Tongue
Term
Gusta-
Definition
Taste
Term
Hepa-
Definition
Liver
Term
Nas-, Rhin-
Definition
Nose
Term
Ped, Pod
Definition
Foot
Term
Pharyngo-, fauci-, laryngo-
Definition
throat
Term
-plasty
Definition
plastic surgery
Term
Parotid Salivary Glands
Definition
located below the ear (Pig)
Term
Submaxillary(submandibular) Salivary Gland
Definition
located at the base of the jaw on the medial edge (Pig)
Term
Sublingual Salivary Gland
Definition
located below the tongue, on either side (Pig)
Term
Saliva Contains:
Definition
Mucin, Bicarbonate, Salivary Amylase
Term
Mucin
Definition
slippery glycoprotein that functions in lubrication (makes up saliva)
Term
Bicarbonate
Definition
ionic salt (HCO3) funcs.to keep mouth pH near neutrality (makes up saliva)
Term
Salivary Amylase
Definition
enzyme that breaks down starch, a polysaccharide, to maltose,a disaccharide. Initiates starch digestion. (makes up saliva)
Term
Buccal Cavity
Definition
empty space in mouth
Term
Hard Palate
Definition
roof of mouth w/ underlying bone
Term
Soft Palate
Definition
Softer tissue posterior(back, bottom of mouth)to the hard palate
Term
Pharynx
Definition
open space behind the buccal cavity. Begins at the soft palate, ends at juncture of larynx and esophagus (passageway for food and air so part of both respiratory and digestive systems!)
Term
Thyroid Cartilage of Larynx
Definition
Start of tube at the back of the mouth. Forms anterior(front) wall of the larynx and protects vocal chords.
Term
Epiglottis
Definition
Bump at the top of the thyroid cartilage of the larynx. (blocks the larynx during swallowing)
Term
Larynx
Definition
Part of respiratory tract between the pharynx and Trachea. (contains: vocal chords, for vocalization)
Term
Trachea
Definition
Dorsal(top)to esophagus. transports air from larynx to bronchi. Pale white in color. Has cartilage rings to hold it open for air passage
Term
Esophagus
Definition
Ventral(bottom) to trachea. Parallels to the trachea. Pink in color. (carries ingested food from the pharynx to the stomach)
Term
Pleura
Definition
Membrane lining walls of Thoracic cavity and surrounding lungs!
Term
Lungs
Definition
paired organs dorsal(top)to the heart. Bright pink and red.
Term
Heart
Definition
Located caudally(behind) to the larynx and ventrally to the lungs
Term
Pericardium
Definition
membrane surrounding the heart. forms fluid-filled sac that contains the heart
Term
Diaphragm
Definition
skeletal muscle that separates the thoracic cavity(anterior to the abdominal cavity). When contracted size of thoracic cavity is increased
Term
Peritoneum
Definition
membrane that lines the abdominal cavity and surrounds the vital organs
Term
Liver
Definition
purplish brown organ posterior to the diaphragm. (funct: as major metabolic processing unit that maintains nutrient levels in the blood. In digestion it secretes bile.
Term
Stomach
Definition
to right of liver. Produces HCl(hydrochloric acid) and pepsinogen to begin breakdown of proteins.(big and light pink next to liver)
Term
Greater Omentum
Definition
Part of peritoneum. (white and covers the stomach.)Part of immune system that produces leukocyte.
Term
Spleen
Definition
(purplish red organ left to the stomach.)Part of immune system, largest lymphatic organ, 1.)site of lymphocyte production. 2.)removes old red blood cells
Term
Pancreas
Definition
in duodenal loop of small intestine.(Bumpy and pink, chewed gum)endocrine funct: secretes insulin and glucagon Exocrine funct: secretes digestive enzymes, trypsinogen..
Term
Small intestine
Definition
Responsible for digestion of foodstuffs and absorption of the digestive products. (Duodenum, Jejunum, Ileum)
Term
Duodenum
Definition
First part of sm intstn, forms duodenal loop. 1.)receives chyme from stomach 2.)produces bicarbonate to neutralize the acidic chime. 3.)receives bile from the gall bladder and enzymes secreted by the pancreas
Term
Jejunum
Definition
Middle of sml intstn. and longest part. 1.)Absorption of (MACI) monosaccharides, amino acids, calcium, and iron happens here
Term
Ileum
Definition
enters the large intestine at Y-shaped juncture w/ the cecum and colon. 1.)absorbs (WEBB) water, electrolytes, bile salts, and vitamin B12.
Term
Mesentery
Definition
are folds of the peritoneum that connect the anchor and sm intstn.
Term
Large Intestine
Definition
Made of Cecum, colon, and rectum. has thinner walls than sm intstn
Term
Cecum
Definition
1.)Microbial fermentation of residual starch and cellulose. 2.)Absorption of fermentation products and water...Humans have a smaller extension at end called the appendix/pigs and most mammals no.
Term
Colon
Definition
Longest part of lrg ...........
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