Term
| Gonadotropin Releasing Hormone (GnRH) |
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Definition
- Biochemical Classification: Neuropeptide (decapeptide)
- Source: Hypothalmic surge and tonic centers
- Male Target: Anterior lobe-pituitary (gonadotroph cells)
- Female Target: SAME
- Male Action: Release of FSH and LH from anterior lobe-pituitary
- Female Action: SAME
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Term
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Definition
- Biochemical Classification: Glycoprotein
- Source: Anterior lobe-pituitary
- Male Target: Testis (interstitial cells of Leydig)
- Female Target: Ovary (cells of theca interna and luteal cells)
- Male Action: Stimulates testosterone production
- Female Action: Stimulates ovulation, formation of corpora lutea and progesterone secretion
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Term
| Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH) |
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Definition
- Biochemical Classification: Glycoprotein
- Source: Anterior lobe-pituitary (gonadotroph cells)
- Male Target: Testis (Sertoli cells)
- Female Target: Ovary (granulosal cells)
- Male Action: Sertoli cell function
- Female Action: Follicular development and esradiol synthesis
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Term
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Definition
- Biochemical Classification: Protein
- Source: Anterior lobe-pituitary (lactotroph cells)
- Male Target: Testis and brain
- Female Target: Mammary cells, corpus luteum in some species (rat and mouse)
- Male Action: Can induce maternal behavior in males and females
- Female Action: Lactation, maternal behavior and corpora lutea function (some species)
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Term
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Definition
- Biochemical Classification: Neuropeptide (octapeptide)
- Source: Synthesized in the hypothalamus, stored in the posterior lobe-pituitary; synthesized by corpus luteum
- Male Target: Smooth muscles of epididymal tail, ductus deferens, and ampulla
- Female Target: Myometrium and endometrium of uterus, myoepithelial cells of mammary gland
- Male Action: PGF2α synthesis and pre-ejaculatory movement of spermatozoa
- Female Action: Uterine motility, promotes uterine PGF2α synthesis, milk ejaculation
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Term
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Definition
- Biochemical Classification: Steroid
- Source: Granulosal cells of follicle, placenta, Sertoli cells of testis
- Male Target: Brain - Inhibits long bone growth
- Female Target: Hypothalamus, entire reproductive tract and mammary gland
- Male Action: Sexual behavior
- Female Action: Sexual behavior, GnRH, elevated secretory activity of the entire tract, enhanced uterine motility
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Term
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Definition
- Biochemical Classification: Steroid
- Source: Corpus luteum and placenta
- Male Target: N/A
- Female Target: Uterine endometrium, mammary gland, myometrium, hypothalamus
- Male Action: N/A
- Female Action: Endometrial secretion, inhibits GnRH release, inhibits reproductive behavior, promotes maintenance of pregnancy
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Term
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Definition
- Biochemical Classification: Steroid
- Source: Interstitial cells of Leydig, cells of theca interna in female
- Male Target: Accessory sex glands, tunica dartos of scrotum, seminiferous epithelium, skeletal muscle
- Female Target: Brain, skeletal muscle, granulosal cells
- Male Action: Anabolic growth, promotes spermatogenesis, promotes secretion of accessory sex glands
- Female Action: Substrate for E2 synthesis, abnormal masculinization (hair patterns, voice, behavior, etc.)
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Term
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Definition
- Biochemical Classification: Glycoprotein
- Source: Granulosal cells (female), Sertoli cells (male)
- Male Target: Gonadotrophs of anterior lobe-pituitary
- Female Target: SAME
- Male Action: Inhibits FSH secretion
- Female Action: SAME
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Term
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Definition
- Biochemical Classification: Glycoprotein
- Source: Placental cells (human female), Granulosal cells (female), Sertoli cells (male)
- Male Target: Gonadotrophs of anterior-lobe pituitary
- Female Target: SAME
- Male Action: Stimulates FSH secretion
- Female Action: SAME
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Term
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Definition
- Biochemical Classification: Prostglandin (C-20 fatty acid)
- Source: Uterine endometrium, vesticular glands
- Male Target: Epididymis
- Female Target: Corpus luteum, uterine myometrium, ovulatory follicles
- Male Action: Affects metabolic activity of spermatozoa, causes epididymal contractions
- Female Action: Luteolysis, promotes uterine tone and contraction, ovulation
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Term
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Definition
- Biochemical Classification: Prostglandin (C-20 fatty acid)
- Source: Ovary, uterus, embryonic membranes
- Male Target: N/A
- Female Target: Corpus luteum, oviduct
- Male Action: N/A
- Female Action: Ovulation, stimulates corpus luteum secretion of progesterone
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Term
| Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) |
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Definition
- Biochemical Classification: Glycoprotein
- Source: Trophoblast of blastocyst (chorion)
- Male Target: N/A
- Female Target: Ovary
- Male Action: Increase growth of fetal testis
- Female Action: Facilitate production of progesterone by ovary
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Term
| Equine chorionic gonadotropin (eCG) |
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Definition
- Biochemical Classification: Glycoprotein
- Source: Chorionic girdle cells
- Male Target: N/A
- Female Target: Ovary
- Male Action: N/A
- Female Action: Causes formation of accessory corpora lutea
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Term
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Definition
- Biochemical Classification: Protein
- Source: Placenta
- Male Target: N/A
- Female Target: Mammary gland of dam
- Male Action: N/A
- Female Action: Mammary stimulation of dam
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