Term
| What tests are run in a preanesthetic panel |
|
Definition
| ALT, ALKP, BUN, Creatnine, TP, glucose |
|
|
Term
| anesthesia in sight hounds |
|
Definition
| Long recovery time due to low body fat. may have to give them more induction agent |
|
|
Term
| Brachiocephalic breeds with anesthesia |
|
Definition
| airway obstructions. do not extubate them untill they come completly out of anethesia |
|
|
Term
| Pediatrics with anesthesia |
|
Definition
| prone to hypothermia and hypoglycemia. as soon as they come out of anesthesia make sure to get some kind of nutriant in them, like some glucose, can food, something to get their blood sugar up. |
|
|
Term
| Geriatrics with anesthesia |
|
Definition
| Have a decreased metabolism. can not filter the drugs, easy to overdose. |
|
|
Term
| what to check for in med. history before anesthesia |
|
Definition
any potential complications stemming from diseases, or prior anestetic risks
|
|
|
Term
| what to check for in PE before anesthesia |
|
Definition
| cardiac, respiratory and hepatic |
|
|
Term
| what is the minimum test to do before anesthesia |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| an adult should be fasted for how long before surgery |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| pediatrics should be fasted for how long before surgery |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| it is best to uuse the 60gtts IV if the patient is how many pounds? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| the length of the ET tube should not go beyond? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| the adapter end of the ET tube should only be how many inches beyond the mouth? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the reason the adapter end of the ET tube should not exend past a certain legnth outside the mouth |
|
Definition
| to lessen the mechanical dead space |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
increases the degree of exhaled gas rebreathing.
The dead space is the space in the breathing circuit where both inhalation and exhalation passes through a common path |
|
|
Term
| what is the most important step of anesthesia |
|
Definition
| patient evaluation: PE, history, health status |
|
|
Term
| Preanesthesia checklist: PATIENT |
|
Definition
- identify patient properly
- verify patient was fasted (as appropriate)
- perform special prep (as needed, ex. bowel prep)
- perform preanesthetic exam
|
|
|
Term
| Preanesthetic checklist: DRUGS |
|
Definition
- select drugs confirm they are available
- review routes of drug administration
- check crash cart inventory
|
|
|
Term
| Preanesthesia checklist: FLUID ADMINISTRATION |
|
Definition
- select IV fluids maintain at proper temperature
- confirm sufficient fluids are available for adverse events
- gather necessary equipment
- IV catheters (24 gauge for <5kg, 20 gauge for 5-10kg, 18 gauge for >10 kg)
- injection caps
- materials for securing IV cath
- heparinised saline in syringe with needle
- fluid delivery sets
|
|
|
Term
| Preanesthesia Checklist: EQUIPMENT |
|
Definition
- Review anesthetic machine checklist
- select and inspect monitroing equpment
|
|
|
Term
| Preanestesia checklist: MISCELLANEOUS SUPPLIES |
|
Definition
- Ophthalmic ointment
- circulating warm water blanket, table insulation or heated table
- facemask
|
|
|
Term
| why should IV caths be placed before induction of anesthesia? |
|
Definition
| most anesthetic agents produce hypotension or vasoconstriction |
|
|
Term
| IV fluid set delivery rates |
|
Definition
10 gtts/ml (macrodrip)
12 gtts/ml
15 gtts/ml
60 gtts/ml (microdrip) |
|
|
Term
| the diameter of an ET tube should be |
|
Definition
| the largest size that will fit into the trachea with ease |
|
|
Term
what happens if ET tube is to large?
what happens if its to small |
|
Definition
to large: the larynx and trachea may be traumatized
to small: the patient will have difficulty breathing through the tube |
|
|
Term
| what should the ET Tube be secured to? |
|
Definition
| mazilla, mandible or head with gauze |
|
|
Term
| commonly used sizes of compressed medical gas cylinders |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| how many liters of O2 in a fully charged H cylinder |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| how many liters of O2 in a fully charged E cylinder |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| a fully charged O2 cylinder regardless of size is how many PSIG? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| receive medical gases from the pressure regulator. purpose is to measure and eliver a constant gas flow to the vaporizer and common gas outlet and the breathing circuit. |
|
|
Term
| the floating indicator in a flow meter |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Controlled enhancement of anesthetic vaporization. |
|
|
Term
| 2 general sypes of vaporizers |
|
Definition
| precision and non precision |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| designed for a specific anesthetic agent, deliver a constant concentration that is automatically maintained with changing O2 flow rates and temperature. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| allows some control of vaporization but delivering and unknown concentration. the dial scale is not a percent concentration but rather a relative number indivationg the amount of fresh gas diverted throught the chamber. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| tubing that carrie medical gases from anesthesia machine to the patient. they deliver "fresh gases" to the patient and transport exhaled gases away from patient. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| do not have a carbon dioxide absorber. |
|
|
Term
| Advantages of nonrebreathing circuits |
|
Definition
| decreased resistance to breathing, rapid change of inspired anesthetic concentration, light weight and ease of cleaning and use |
|
|
Term
| disadvantages of nonrebreathing circuits |
|
Definition
| associated with the required high fresh gas flow rates and include increased use of O2 and anesthetic, enhanced risk of hypothermia and dehydration |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
"to breath again"
most common in vet practice.
|
|
|
Term
| components of the circle system of a rebreathing circuit include |
|
Definition
| the obsorber, aborbent, fresh gas inlet, unidirectional valve, positive-pressure relief valve(pop off valve), manometer, reservoir bag, and a removable set of breathing tubes |
|
|
Term
| advantages of rebreathing circuits |
|
Definition
| conservation of body heat and fluids, reuse of exhaled O2 and anesthetic gases, cost efficient lower flow rates. |
|
|
Term
| disadvantages of a rebreathing circuit |
|
Definition
| danger of hypercarbia resulting from malfunction of the carbon dioxide absorbent of unidirectional valves, particulary at flow rates low enough to produce a closed system. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Provides a gas volume sufficient for the patient to inhale maximally without creating negative pressure in the circuit. used for positive pressure ventilation or to inflate the lungs when needed |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| 5 times the patients normal tidal volume of 10ml/kg |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| monitors circuit pressure. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| respiratory tract injury from excessive circuit pressure |
|
|
Term
| postitive pressure relief valve (pop off valve) |
|
Definition
| prevents excessive pressure in the rebreathing circuit and allows removal of excess wates gases. |
|
|
Term
| one of the number one causes of anesthetic mishap is caused by |
|
Definition
| leaving the pop off valve closed after performing positive pressure ventilation. |
|
|
Term
| carbon dioxide absorbent (soda lime or baralyme) |
|
Definition
| removes carbon dioxide from the breathing circuit by chemical reaction. |
|
|
Term
| when should the carbon dioxide absorbent be changed? |
|
Definition
| after 6-8 hours of use depending on gas flow rates and patient size. or should be changed monthly, which ever comes first. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| maintain one way flow of gases with in the breathing circuit. this ensures that exhaled gases pass through the carbon dioxide absorbent before reaching the patient again |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| semiclosed, closed and open |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| O2 flow is greater than patient O2 uptake. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| O2 flow is equal to patient O2 up take |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| describes delivery of anesthetic gases via facemask, insufflation or induction chamber. open systems are advantageous for very small or aggressive patients. |
|
|
Term
| most common anesthetic complications |
|
Definition
| hypoxemia and inadequate depth. |
|
|
Term
| anesthetic depth refers to |
|
Definition
| the degree of CNS depression |
|
|
Term
How (where) are H tanks kept in a clinic?
|
|
Definition
| chained to the wall, they become rockets if tipped over. |
|
|
Term
| normal circuit pressure, pressure to the lungs. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
flushed
cardiac irregularities
sweating
increased bleeding at surgical site
increased end tidal carbon dioxide |
|
|
Term
| signs of increased carbon dioxide |
|
Definition
rise in heart rate and blood pressure
hyperpnea
respiratory acidosis
dysrhythmia |
|
|
Term
| ventilation rates should not exceed |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| factors to determine depth |
|
Definition
muscle tone (jaw tone)
ocular reflexes (palpebral reflex)
heart rate
respiratory rate |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| mesasures the percentage of hemoglobin saturated with oxygen |
|
|
Term
| ideal percentage of hemoglobin for pulse ox |
|
Definition
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