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| an independent city with its own government |
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| a government where all citizens vote to make all laws |
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| Greek city state known for its strong navy, education, and democracy |
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| Greek city known for its strong army and its belief in bravery and strength |
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| Large empire that fought against the Greeks in the Persian Wars (and lost) |
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| boy who ran from Marathon to Athens to tell them about the Greek victory -- then he died |
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| boy who ran from Marathon to Athens to tell the people that the Greeks won -- he died right afterward |
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| city in Egypt named after Alexander the Great - center for learning |
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| Macedonian general who conquered Greece, Persia, and Egypt; he went all the way to India before turning around; died on the way home |
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| famous Greek scientist who invented the screw, discovered the lever, and the water displacement principle. |
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| Greek philosopher; always asked questions; he taught Plato. |
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| War between Athens and Sparta; Sparta won. |
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| An alliance of Greek cities that worked to defend Greece against another Persian attack. Athens was the leader. |
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| combination of Greek and Persian cultures |
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| square formation of 256 hoplites - very hard to defeat unless you could get behind and fight it on two sides. |
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| Battle in the Persian Wars where 300 Spartans defended against 150,000 Persian soldiers and were all killed; it allowed the Greek army to escape |
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| Battle of the Persian Wars - Athens defeated Persia; Pheidippides was sent to tell Athens the news |
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| Naval battle between Athens and Persia; Athens won because they used their smaller boats to ram and sink the larger Persian ships |
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| Last battle of the Persian Wars - Sparta won. |
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| people who try to answer the big questions of life; most of them were teachers |
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| Athenian government leader who made Athens into a democracy by introducing political and economic reforms |
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| a government run by a king |
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