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Ancient Civilizations
Flashcards for Ancient Civilizations
38
History
10th Grade
01/21/2016

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Cards

Term
This Sumerian story talks about friendship and immortality and is considered the 1st great work of literature?
Definition
Epic of Gilamesh
Term
Cuneiform or "wedge shaped" writing was developed for what initial reason?
Definition
Record keeping
Term
__________ was a Sumerian temple where only priest were allowed to climb its huge staircases.
Definition
Ziggurat
Term
_____________ was the first civilization in Mesopotamia and home to the famed walled-city of Uruk.
Definition
Sumerians
Term
What 2 Rivers are on both sides of Mesopotamia?
Definition
Tigris; Euphrates
Term
Who were the 1st empire in the world?
Definition
Akkadians
Term
_______________ was responsible for the growth of Babylon and a harsh set of rules that ordered his society.
Definition
Hammurabi
Term
When a government gets power from divine or godly authority it is called a _____________.
Definition
Therocracy
Term
When a person or society worships many gods it is called?
Definition
Polytheism
Term
King ____________ (abbreviations is ok here) restored the old gods after his father changed to the worship of one god named Aten.
Definition
King Tut
Term
_____________ was needed to make sure the Ka would be able to return and continue life. It also lead to advancements in human anatomy
Definition
Mummification
Term
In the Old Kingdom, _________ was the title for rulers and had god-like power.
Definition
Pharaohs
Term
During the "Golden Age" or _______ Kingdom of ancient Egypt, the rulers became less like gods and more like shepherds.
Definition
Middle
Term
________ script is a simplified version of hieroglyphics used by most Egyptians.
Definition
Hieratic
Term
In order to run the vast lands that King Menez united, the Old Kingdom rulers divided the kingdom into 42 provinces, used bureaucracy, and employed a steward of the land, adviser to the ruler, called a ___________.
Definition
Viziers
Term
The Egyptians were eventually invaded by the Hyksos who were able to defeat them with what new technology?
Definition
Horse Drawn Chariots
Term
We know most about the Egyptians, as well as the Greeks, because of the 1st historian named ___________.
Definition
Herodotus
Term
What was life like in Egypt?
Definition
Very Structured; large lower class; women had rights and respect
Term
River that the Egyptians used to supply them with water, fertile soil, transportation, and protection.
Definition
Nile River
Term
______________ were formed from a group of pastoral nomads that formed an empire in the west and weakened the Egyptians with their use of iron
Definition
Hittites
Term
Most famous city for the Phoenicians was the North African colony of __________
Definition
Carthage
Term
The Israelites biggest contribution was their religion of _________
Definition
Judaism
Term
The northern, 10 lost tribes of Israel called the Kingdom of __________ were overrun by the Assyrians and ended up joining other peoples.
Definition
Isreal
Term
These are people that speak Greek, Latin, Persian, Sanskrit, or Germanic languages.
Definition
Indo-Europeans
Term
The best known ruler of the Israelites due to his wisdom and building a temple in ________________ was King ____________.
Definition
Jerusalem; Solomon
Term
What were the difference(s) between most other civilizations' religions and the Israelites'?
Definition
-Isrealites were monotheistic
-All people were servants to AND had relationship with God
-People admired God's creations not worshipped them
-God created nature but was not a part of it
Term
The Phoenicians are most influential in our lives today because of their development of the ___________ ____________
Definition
Phonetic Alphabet
Term
The southern, 2 tribes called the Kingdom of __________ were captured by the Chaldeans (new-Babylonians), enslaved, and eventually freed by the Persians.
Definition
Judah
Term
The _______________ rose up on the upper Tigris with the use of iron and conquered most of the region by 700 BC.
Definition
Assyrians
Term
____________ The Great, united the Persians, defeated the new Babylonians, and allowed the Jews to return to Israel was generally accepted by those he conquered due to his wisdom and compassion.
Definition
Cyrus
Term
In order to manage such a huge empire, the Persians separated it into 20 ____________ or provinces ruled by a governor with about the same name.
Definition
Satrapies
Term
The New Babylonians or ____________ were lead by Nebuchanezzar II until they fell to the Persians.
Definition
Chaldeans
Term
Besides dividing the empire into provinces, the Persians developed a way to communicate, trade, food, and shelter by creating the _____________
Definition
Royal road
Term
Though manly issues with taxes, loyalty, and difficulties finding a strong monarch; the final blow to the Persians came from _______________ the Great.
Definition
Alexander
Term
What was the Persian's religion that introduces us to good vs. evil called?
Definition
Zoroastrianism
Term
The ____________ are what the military elite that were named so for the fact that when one died, another immediately replaces them.
Definition
Immortals
Term
By the time ________ had come to power, the Persian empire was the largest in the history of the world. He expanding from Thrace to W. India and eventually met with issues against the Greeks.
Definition
Darius
Term
What is not a characteristic of the Assyrians?
-Absolute power held by the king
-created good communication throughout with a mail system
-very merciful to conquered people
-Fell to issues within the empire
Definition
very merciful to conquered people
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