Term
|
Definition
| upper class whose wealth is based on land and whose poewr is passed on from one generation to another |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| claim by Chinese kings of the Zhou dynasty that they had direct authority from heaven to rule and to keep order in the universe |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| "Way," the key to proper behavior under Confucianism |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| duty of family members to subordinate their needs and desires to those of the male head of the family, a concept important in Confucianism |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the system of political and ethical ideas formulated by the Chinese philosopher Confucius toward the end of the Zhou dynasty; it was intended to help restore order to a society that was in a state of confusion |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| system of ideas based on the teachings of Laozi; teaches that the will of Heaven is best followed through inaction so that nature is allowed to take its course |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| popular philosophy developed in China toward the end of the Zhou dynasty, it proposes that human beings are evil by nature and can only be brought to the correct path by harsh laws |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| part of Chinese bureaucracy that made sure government officials were doing their jobs |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| in China, a group of people who controlled much of the land and produced most of the candidates for the civil service |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| gift of money or property paid at the time of marriage by the bride's parents to her husband |
|
|
Term
| What are the two major rivers in China? |
|
Definition
| The Huang He (Yellow) River and the Chang Jiang (Yangzte) River |
|
|
Term
| What little known dynasty was founded over four thousand years ago? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
When did the Shang Dynasty take place?
What was the capital of this dynasty? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| bones on which priests scratched questions asked by rulers; then, heated rods are struck into the bones, and the cracks formed were interpreted as answers from the gods |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| "ancestor worship" to gain favor of gods |
|
|
Term
| What was the longest-lasting dynasty in Chinese history? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| When did the Zhou Dynasty take place? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| if the king failed to rule effectively and according to Dao, he could be overthrown and replaced by a new ruler |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
cycle: new dynasty established power, ruled successfully for many years, and then began to decline, eventually collapsing and a new dynasty takes over, repeating the cycle |
|
|
Term
| When did the "Period of the Warring States" take place, and why? |
|
Definition
403 BC
Zhou rulers declined both intellectually and morally, and the territories began to evolve into powerful states that challenged Zhou rule |
|
|
Term
| By 6th century BC, ____________ was in wide use, changing the way farming had been done in the past. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| During the late Zhou period, the population rose as high as _____________ people due to advances in ___________. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| picture symbols, usually called characters, that form a picture of the object to be represented |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| characters that combine two or more pictographs to represent an idea |
|
|
Term
| Five Constant Relationships |
|
Definition
parent-child
husband-wife
older sibling-younger sibling
older friend-younger friend
ruler-subject |
|
|
Term
| Five Constant Relationships |
|
Definition
parent-child
husband-wife
older sibling-younger sibling
older friend-younger friend
ruler-subject |
|
|
Term
| What are the two key elements of Dao that Confucianism concentrates on? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Daoists believe that the true way to follow the will of Heaven was... |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
When did the Qin Dynasty take place?
What was the capital of this dynasty? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What was the major foreign threat to the Qin empire? |
|
Definition
| nomadic people known as the Xiognu, who had mastered the art of fighting on horseback |
|
|
Term
What was Emperor Qin Shihuangdi's answer to the Xiognu? |
|
Definition
| he strengthened the existing system of walls to keep out enemies, today known as the Great Wall of China |
|
|
Term
When did the Han Dynasty take place?
Who founded this dynasty? |
|
Definition
202 BC-AD 220
Liu Bang, a man of peasant origin; Han Gaozu "Exalted Emperor of Han" |
|
|
Term
| Civil Service Examination System |
|
Definition
exam helped choose government officials on the basis of merit rather than birth |
|
|
Term
During the Han Dynaty, much progress was made in ________ manufacturing, _________ mills, and _______ casting. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| With the invention of the _________ and ___________ rigging, ships could sail into the wind for the first time. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What artistic achievement of the Qin period was found in 1974? |
|
Definition
| an army made of terra-cotta meant to accompany emperor Qin Shihuangdi on his journey to the next world |
|
|
