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| An ancient city-state on the eastern coast of Africa, settled by people from Iran and Arabia, that started to prosper in the late A.D. 1200s. |
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| Starting around 1000 B.C., this was the mass movement of people who spoke Bantu from west-central Africa throughout southern Africa. |
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| An African language that blends Bantu and Arabic elements. |
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| A Bantu--speaking culture that was thriving in the rich farmland between the Zambezi and Limpopo rivers, in what is now the countries of Botswana, Mozambique and Zimbabwe by A.D. 1000. |
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| The largest of the zimbabwes at the center of the Shona empire. |
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| The largest and most significant of the three main sections of Great Zimbabwe; appears to have been a home for kings and queens. |
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| An ancient kingdomin what is now the country of Zimbabwe, established by a Shona king around A.D. 1440; also the name for a ruler of this kingdom. |
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| An ancient kingdom along the western coast of Africa just north of the Congo River, settled by the Bantu-speaking Kongo sometime before the 14th century A.D. |
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| The capital city of the Kongo kingdom. |
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| A Kongo king whose rule began in A.D. 1506. He was influenced by the Portuguese and participated in the slave trade. His African name was Nzinga Mbemba. |
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