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Anc. Hist. Final Exam Study Guide
Finals
64
History
9th Grade
12/12/2011

Additional History Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
Why is geography important to history?
Definition
makes connections between places, people, and events
Term
How do archaeologists find out about early peoples?
Definition

 

Material remains of human cultures are studied

 

Term
Which of the following is the job of a historian?
Definition

 

Study how people lived in the past

 

Term
Which of the following was a characteristic of the old stone age?
Definition

-->beginning of stone tools

-->nomads

Term
Which of the following beliefs were hprobably held by Stone Age people?
Definition

--> Animism

--> life after death

Term
What was the Neolithic Revolution?
Definition

 

The change from nomadic to settled farming life ushered in the New Stone Age

 

Term
Which was akey factor of early civilizations?
Definition

-->cities -->Job specialization -->complex religions -->social classes -->arts/arch. -->public works -->writings -->well-organized central gov

 

Term
Which of the following caused ancient civilizations to change?
Definition

Shifts in the physical environment and interactions among people

 

Term
Where did the first cities emerge?
Definition
River Vallies
Term
How did ancient Egyptians view their pharoahs?
Definition
as gods
Term
The Pyramid Age is another name for_____?
Definition
The Old Stone Age
Term
The need to keep records led to the development of what in Ancient Egypt?
Definition
Heiroglyphics
Term
What was Sumer made up of?
Definition
City-states
Term
What was The Epic of Gilgamesh?
Definition

-->one of the 1st known works of literature

 

-->a story about a Sumerian hero

Term
The Code of Hammurabi was a major achievement for what reason?
Definition
It was the 1st important attempt of a ruler to codify all the laws that would govern a state
Term
According to the Torah, who united the Hebrew tribes into a single nation?
Definition
King David
Term
Why does Egyptian art often feature people from Nubia?
Definition

For centuries Egytians & Nubians:

             --> fought

             --> traded

             --> ruled

Term
What geographical feature had the greatest influence on ancient Egypt?
Definition
The Nile River
Term
Most Egyptians were members of what group?
Definition
Farmers
Term
How did the Sumerians differ from the Egyptians in the way that they view their pharoahs?
Definition

Sumerians --> servant of god

Egyptians  --> as gods

Term
What body of water had an influence on early Indian civilization?
Definition
Indian Ocean
Term
What evidence suggests that the Indus valley city had a well-organized gov.?
Definition

Grid Pattern layout

 

Term
What did the Aryans divide people into classes by?
Definition
Occupation
Term
What is The Mandate of Heaven an idea behind?
Definition
The Dynastic Cycle
Term
In Aryan Society, as the power shifted from the Kshatriyas to the Brahmins, the society became more____?
Definition
Focused on spiritual issues
Term
According to the Bhagavad-Gita, what was an important Aryan religious belief?
Definition
Devotion to duty
Term
Why was the Huang He nicknamed the "River of Sorrows?"
Definition

 

When it flooded it brought mass destruction of crops and starvation

 

Term
Hindus believed that caste could be changed by what?
Definition

--> Karma

 --> Dharma

Term
Who was the gov. of Indian villages administrated by?
Definition
Village Council
Term
Which philosophy taught that gov. should pass strict laws and enforce them w/ harsh punishments?
Definition
Legalism
Term
What was the trade route that linked China w/ the west?
Definition
Silk Road
Term
What do both the Hindus and Buddhists believe in?
Definition

--> nonviolence

--> karma/dharma

--> moksha

-->cycle of rebirth

 

Term
The golden age of India took place during the rile of the ___?
Definition
Guptas
Term
In Hindu society, the purpose of caste rules was to_____?
Definition
Seperate different species of beings
Term
In an Indian household, the head of the family was whom?
Definition
Father --> Oldest male
Term
Confucius taught the Chinese people that their most important duty was ___?
Definition
filial piety-respect for parents
Term
Who was Plato's greatest student?
Definition
Aristotle
Term
The geography of Greece helped creat what?
Definition
city-states
Term
Following the Persian Wars, Greece was dominated by whom?
Definition
Pericles of Athens
Term
The Peloponnesian War resulted from conflict between____?
Definition

Athens vs. Sparta

 

Term
Greek theater evolved out of ___?
Definition
Religious ceremonies
Term
Alexander the Great's most lasting achievement was what?
Definition
Spread of Greek culture
Term
The center of the Hellenistic world was where?
Definition
Alexandria
Term
What geographic characteristics of Greece provided a link to the outside world?
Definition
the seas
Term
A form of gov. controlled by a small, powerful elite from the business class is called___?
Definition
oligraphy
Term
From childhood, Spartan boys were trained to be what?
Definition
Military soldiers
Term
According to Aristotle, the best gov. was ___?
Definition
one ruled by a single strong, virtuous leader
Term
In Roman gov. who represented the rights of plebeians?
Definition

Tribunes

 

Term
In the fields of art and lit., Romans were greatly influenced by the culture of whom?
Definition
Greeks
Term
Which of the following places did Constatine make the center of power for the Roman empire?
Definition
Constantinople
Term
How did the wealth acquired from winning an empire affect Rome?
Definition

Farmers abandoned their fields and the mid-class sank into poverty

 

Term
The decline of the Roman republic followed a century of civil wars fought over the what question?
Definition
Who will rule
Term
Which statement generally describes Rome's attitude toward people of diff religions in the empire?
Definition
 As long as the citizens honored Roman gods, they could have w/e religion
Term
What wasn't related to the "fall" of Rome?
Definition
The assasination of Julius Caesar
Term
What civilizations ruled an area that included the Andes Mt.?
Definition
The Incas
Term

#60

The 1st people who migrated to N.America came by way of a land bridge across the present day____?

Definition
Bering Strait
Term

#62

Which of the following groups conquered the former Roman province of Gual?

Definition
Franks
Term
Under feudalism, lords granted land to vassals in exchange for what?
Definition
loyalty
Term
New agricultural technologies in the Mid-ages led to what?
Definition
increase in food productions
Term
Why was the Battle of Tours significant?
Definition
It pushed the Muslims out of France
Term
Which group made up the largest part of the population in feudal society?
Definition
peasants -- serfs
Term
Why was the Magna Carta important?
Definition
It made it clear that monarchs must obey the laws also
Term
What was the chief goal of the Crusades?
Definition
Liberate (free) the holy lands
Term
What was a result of the plague in Europe?
Definition

Economic decline

 

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