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Anatonmy of ankle, knee, and hip
anatomy aswell as common injuries, test, and care for those injuries
28
Anatomy
Undergraduate 1
10/11/2011

Additional Anatomy Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
Foot
Definition

The feet consist of 26 bones, 38 joints, and 4 arches.

 

Term
The 26 bones of the Foot
Definition

7 tarsal bones: talus, calcaneus, navicular, cuboid, medial cuneiform, lateral cuneiform, and intermediate cuneiform

5 metatarsals: make up the mid-foot

14 Phalanges: make up the toes

Term
Ankle Joint
Definition
formed by talocrural joint and the subtalar joint. Ankle is stronger medially rather than laterally because of the bone and ligamentous structures present. Ankle is structurally weakest in regards to musculature. 13 major muscules support and allow movement in ankle and lower leg. Also in the foot and toes.
Term
Talocrural Joint
Definition
formed bt tibia, fibula, and talus
Term
Subtalar Joint
Definition
formed by talus and calcaneus
Term
Bones of the lower leg
Definition
Tibia and fibula
Term
Tibia
Definition
runs anteriorly and forms the shin; it is most distal and forms the medial malleolus. Transmists wieght for force placed on lower leg to the talus; largest of the two lower leg bones.
Term
Fibula
Definition
Fibula runs along lateral lower leg; its most distal end forms the lateral malleolus. Non-weight-bearing bone. 
Term
4 Arches
Definition
Metatarsal, transverse, medial longitudinal, lateral longitudinal.
Term
Metatarsal
Definition
shaped by distal heads of the metatarsals. running from 1st to 5th.
Term
Transverse
Definition
extends across tarsal bones cuboid and medial cunieform, forms half dome.
Term
Medial Longittudinal
Definition
originates medial border of calcaneus and extends to distal head of 1st metatarsal; supported by 'spring ligament'.
Term
Lateral Longitudinal
Definition
outer border of foot and follows same pattern as MLA but less flexible.
Term
Sesamoid Bones
Definition
on plantar aspect of foot
Term
Definition
think band of fibrous tissue originating from medial tuberosity of calcaneous and ending at proximal heads of metatarsals.
Term
Fat pads
Definition
specialized soft tissue structures for weight-bearing and absorbing impact.
Term
Bursa
Definition
Synovial sacs located over boney prominences throughout the body.
Term
Ligaments
Definition

help to make the ankle structurally very strong; ankle is still susceptible to injury in althletics due to the stresses placed upon it. Ligaments help to provide stability both medially and laterally.

*Ligaments are named for the bones they connect.

 

Term
Lateral Ankle Ligaments
Definition

Anterior Talofibular (ATF)

Posterior Talofibular (PTF)

Calcaneofibular (CF)

Term

Medial Ankle Ligaments

 

Definition
Deltoid Ligament
Term
Other Ligaments in the Ankle
Definition
Antierior Tibioibular, Posterior Tibiofibular, Calcaneonavicular (spring ligament).
Term
Muscules in Ankle allow
Definition
Dorsiflexion, plantar flexion, inversion, eversion. Musclues also allow adducction/abduction of foot, flexion/extension/abduction/adduction of toes.
Term
Dorsiflexion
Definition
act of drawing toe or foot toward dorsal aspect of extremity.
Term
Plantarflexion
Definition
act of drawing toe or foot toward plantar aspect of extremity.
Term
Inversion
Definition
turning sole of foot inward.
Term
Eversion
Definition
turning sole of foot outward.
Term
Important Muscules of Foot and Ankle
Definition

tibialis anterior

tibialis posterior

extensor hallucis longus (EHL)

extensor digitorium longus (FHL)

felxor hallucis longus (FHL)

flexor digitorium longus (FDL)

gastrocnemius

soleus

peroneus longus

peroneus brevis

popliteus

plantaris

abductor hallucis

adductor hallucis

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