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Anatomy
Upper Limb
195
Anatomy
Graduate
10/12/2011

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Cards

Term
Both the pectoral and pelvic girdles contain what which provides attachment for muscles?
Definition
A large flat bone located posteriorly
Term
Contrast the motions of the upper and lower limb.
Definition
The upper limbs are completely independent of one another. The movement of one lower limb affects the movement of the other
Term
What is the difference between the distal two bones of the UL and LL.
Definition
The bones of the ante brachium both articulate with the elbow. The fibula in LL does not articulate with the femur
Term
What can the radius and ulna do that the tibia and fibula cannot?
Definition
Supinate and pronate. Tibia and fibula are stuck in pronation
Term
The glenohumeral joint moves around how many axes? What other functions does it allow the arm to do?
Definition
3 axes (most movement of any joint in the body). abduction, adduction, extension, flexion, internal and external rotation, and circumduction
Term
What functions occur at the elbow joint?
Definition
Flexion, extension, and bc the wrist articulates with the radius: supination and pronation
Term
What functions occur at the wrist joint?
Definition
abduction, adduction, flexion, extension, and circumduction
Term
What innervates the UL? What is this formed by?
Definition
The brachial plexus. Formed by the anterior rami of C5-T1
Term
Name the dermatomes of the UL.
Definition
C5= upper lateral arm
C6=pad of the thumb
C7= pad of the index finger
C8= pad of the little finger
T1=medial aspect of elbow
Term
Name the joint movement myotomes of the UL
Definition
C5= abduction of humerus
C6=flexion of humerus
C7=extension of humerus
C8= flexion of fingers
T1- ab/adduction of index, middle, ring fingers
Term
Name the tendon reflexes of the biceps tendon, triceps tendon, and diaphragm innervation
Definition
Biceps=C5
Triceps=C6
Diaphragm= C3-C5
Term
Which two nerves can be compressed by a fracture to the axillary neck of the humerus?
Definition
Radial and axillary nerves because they wrap posteriorly behind the humerus
Term
Name the intrinsic muscles and innervation from the brachial plexus
Definition
Anterior compartment of the arm= (musculotaneous) C5-C7
Muscles of the anterior compartment of the forearm= (median)C6-C8, T1
Intrinsic muscles of the hand= (ulnar) C7-C8, T1
Muscles of posterior compartment= (radial) C5-C8, T1
Term
Skin on the anterolateral side of the forearm is innervated by what?
Definition
musculotaneous (C5-C7)
Term
The palmar surface of the later 3 1/2 digits is innervated by what?
Definition
median nerve (C6-C8, T1)
Term
Palmar surface of the medial 1 1/2 digits is innervated by what?
Definition
ulnar nerve (C(7)-C8, T1)
Term
Skin on the posterior surface of the forearm and the dorsolateral surface of the hand is innervated by what?
Definition
radial nerve (C7-C8, T1)
Term
Explain how the axillary nerve is oriented related to the humerus
Definition
it passes around the posterior surgical neck of the upper humerus
Term
Explain how the radial nerve is oriented in relation to the humerus
Definition
Passes around the posterior surface of the middle of the humerus in the radial groove
Term
Explain how the ulnar nerve is oriented in relation to the humerus
Definition
Passes posteriorly to the medial epicondyle
Term
What is the only bony attachment between the trunk and the UL?
Definition
The clavicle
Term
The medial end of the clavicle articulates with what?
Definition
The sternum. Sternoclavicular joint
Term
The lateral end of the clavicle articulates with what?
Definition
The acromion process of the scapula. acromioclavicular joint.
Term
What are the 4 ligaments associated with the sternoclavicular joint?
Definition
interclavicular lig, anterior and posterior sternoclavicular lig, and costoclavicular lig
Term
What are the two ligaments of the acromiocalvicular
Definition
acromioclavicular and coracoclavicular
Term
What deepens the glenoid cavity of the glenohumeral joint?
Definition
glenoid labrum (fibrocartilaginous collar)
Term
Where is the synovial membrane of the glenohumeral joint located?
Definition
inferior, it protrudes between tendons of muscles
Term
What are the three ligaments of the glenohumeral joint?
Definition
Glenohumeral lig, coracohumeral lig, and transverse humeral ligament
Term
What is the function of the transverse humeral ligament?
Definition
Holds the tendon of the long head of the biceps brachia in the inter tubercular sulcus
Term
What are the rotator cuff muscles? Where do they supply stability to the glenohumeral joint?
Definition
-supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor, subscapularis
-surround the posterior, superior, and anterior part of joint
Term
What three nerves are associated with the glenohumeral joint?
Definition
suprascapular, axillary, and lateral pectoral
Term
What nerves are associated with the glenohumeral joint?
Definition
anterior and posterior humeral and suprascapular arteries
Term
Which type of dislocation happens most frequently at the glenohumeral joint? Which nerve may be injured with this type of dislocation?
Definition
-anterior-inferior. axillary nerve may be injured (radial nerve may also be)
Term
What nerve, artery, and veins come through the supra scapular foramen?
Definition
Suprascapular nerve, artery, and veins
Term
What does the quadrangular space provide passageway for?
Definition
-Nerves and vessels passing between more anterior regions (axilla) and the posterior scapular region
-axillary nerve and posterior circumflex humeral artery and vein pass through
Term
What passes through the triangular space?
Definition
Circumflex scapular artery and vein
Term
What passes through the triangular interval?
Definition
profunda brachii artery and radial nerve
Term
What nerve innervates the supraspinatus and the infraspinatus? where does it originate?
Definition
suprascapular nerve, originates in the superior trunk of the brachial plexus
Term
what nerve innervates the deltoid and teres minor and carries general sensation from the skin over the inferior part of the deltoid muscle? Where does this nerve originate?
Definition
axillary nerve, originates from the posterior cord of the brachial plexus
Term
What artery supplies the supraspinatus and infraspinatus? Where does this artery originate?
Definition
suprascapular artery, thyrocervical trunk (which is a branch of the subclavian)
Term
what artery originates from the axillary artery and supplies the glenohumeral joint? where does it originate?
Definition
posterior circumflex artery, originates from the axillary artery
Term
Which three muscles form the lateral part of the anterior wall?
Definition
pectoralis major, pectoralis minor, and subclavius
Term
What forms the axilla lateral wall?
Definition
THe inter tubercular sulcus of the humerus
Term
What forms the axilla posterior wall?
Definition
subscapularis, trees major, latissimus dorsi, long head of the triceps
Term
What are the three gateways to the posterior axillary wall?
Definition
-quadrangular space
-triangular space
-triangular interval
Term
Which two muscles are associated with the floor of the axilla?
Definition
biceps and corachobrachialis
Term
There are two heads of the biceps brachii, the long head and the short head. Where do they each originate?
Definition
Long= supraglenoid tubercle of the scapula
short=coracoid process
Term
Which artery supplies the walls axilla? How branches of this artery are there?
Definition
Axillary, there are three branches
Term
What are the branches of the axillary artery?
Definition
first= superior thoracic artery
second= thoracacromial and lateral thoracic arteries
third= subscapular artery, anterior and posterior circumflex humeral arteries
Term
What is the axillary artery a continuation of?
Definition
The subclavian artery
Term
Name the four parts of the brachial plexus from medial to lateral
Definition
roots, trunks, divisions, cords
Term
All major nerves that innervated the upper limb originate from the brachial plexus MOSTLY (but not always) from the what?
Definition
cords
Term
Proximal parts of the brachial plexus are _______ to the subclavian artery in the neck
Definition
posterior
Term
Distal regions of the plexus surround the _______ artery
Definition
axillary
Term
THe roots of the brachial plexus are the ______ rami of C__-C___ and T-___
Definition
anterior, 5-8, 1
Term
Close to the origin, the roots receive what from the sympathetic trunk?
Definition
gray rami communicantes
Term
How many trunks are in the brachial plexus? Name what each of them is formed from.
Definition
3= superior, middle, inferior
superior= formed by union of C5 and C6 root
middle= continuation of C7
inferior= formed by union of C8 and T1
Term
The trunks divide into anterior and posterior divisions. How many of each type of division is there?
Definition
3 posterior and 3 anterior
Term
Name what forms each of the three cords
Definition
Lateral cord= anterior divisions from upper and middle trunks contributions, C5-C7
medial= continuation of the anterior division of the inferior trunk c8-T1
posterior= union of all three posterior divisions C5-T1
Term
What muscle does the subscapular nerve innervate?
Definition
the subscapularis
Term
What muscle(s) does the thoracodorsal nerve innervate?
Definition
latissimus dorsi
Term
What muscle(s) does inferior subscpular nerve innervate?
Definition
subscapularis and teres major
Term
What muscle(s) does the axillary nerve innervate?
Definition
Deltoid and teres minor
Term
What muscle(s) does the radial nerve innervate?
Definition
all muscles in the posterior compartment of the arm and forearm
Term
What often becomes frayed in rotator cuff injuries?
Definition
the intracapsular part of the long head of the biceps tendon
Term
In fractures of the proximal humerus, where do they most often occur and how do they happen?
Definition
Surgical neck of the humerus, falls on the hand
Term
What is an Erb Duchenne?
Definition
Injury to the C5-C6 level of the plexus. Excessive increase in the angle between the neck and the shoulder. Causes problems with the axillary and musculocutaneous nerves
Term
What is the name of an injury to the inferior part of the brachial plexus? What causes this?
Definition
Klumpe paralysis, excessive pulling of the upper limb superiorly
Term
What are the consequences of a radial nerve injury?
Definition
Improper deltoid injection or wrist drop
Term
What are some possible consequences of a median nerve injury?
Definition
Numb palms and fingers, inability to pronate and flex fingers. Compression beneath the flexor retinaculum causes carpal tunnel syndrome
Term
What are some possible consequences of an ulnar nerve injury?
Definition
Inability to adduct/abduct fingers, atrophy of interosseus (clawhand)
Term
What is a possible consequence of a long thoracic nerve injury?
Definition
Winged scapula: paralysis of serratus--anterior can't abduct above horizontal
Term
In the elbow joint, what does the ulna articulate with? What does the olecranon process of ulna articulate with? What does the radius articulate with?
Definition
-trochlea
-olecranon fossa
-capitulum
Term
The brachial artery is a continuation of what artery? It splits into two arteries, what are they and where do they split?
Definition
Comes from the axillary artery. Terminates just distal to the elbow and divides into the radius and ulnar arteries
Term
Describe the position of the brachial artery along the arm
Definition
Starts out on the medial side then crosses laterally to assume position in-between the medial and lateral epicondyle of the humerus
Term
what nerve does the profunda brachia artery run along?
Definition
radial nerve
Term
What is the largest branch of the brachial artery? What compartment of the arm does it supply?
Definition
The profundi brachii, supplies the posterior compartment of the arm
Term
Which two nerves run along the brachial artery?
Definition
The median and ulnar nerve
Term
The musculocutaneous nerves leaves the what and enters the arm by pass through the what?
Definition
axilla, coracobrachialis
Term
What are some possible consequences of an injury to the musculocutaneous nerve?
Definition
Paralysis of the coracobrachialis, biceps, and brachial is. Flexion and supination of forearm weakened.
Term
What are the three articulations of the elbow joint?
Definition
-trochlear notch of ulna and trochlea of humerus
-head of the radius and radial notch of ulna
-head of the radius and capitulum of humerus
Term
What is a major concern with fractures of the distal end of the humerus above the epicondyles?
Definition
Muscles of the anterior compartment of the forearm can become ischemic
Term
Transection of either of which two arteries is common when a person forces their hand through a plate glass window?
Definition
radial and ulnar arteries
Term
Of the radial, median, and ulnar nerve, which pass through the fossa and which do not?
Definition
Radial and median nerves pass though, ulnar nerve does not
Term
From which vein is blood usually withdrawn?
Definition
Median cubital vein
Term
What is an important factor regarding venipuncture on someone who has had a mastectomy?
Definition
Never use the arm on the same side as the mastectomy
Term
Most structures pass between the forearm and the hand through the carpal tunnel or anterior to the carpal tunnel, what is the exception?
Definition
The radial artery passes dorsally
Term
Which muscle compartment of the arm is responsible for pronation of the hand? supination of the hand?
Definition
anterior compartment=pronation
posterior compartment=supination
Term
Movement of the distal end of the radius over the ulna along with rotation of the radius at the elbow facilitates what movement?
Definition
supination and pronation of the hand
Term
What three structures hold the radius and ulna together?
Definition
-Proximally: anular ligament of radius at radioulnar joint
-Interosseous membrane
-Distally: articular disk at radioulnar joint
Term
What does the median nerve innervate?
Definition
The muscles in the anterior compartment of the forearm (except for the flexor carpi ulnaris and the medial part of the flexor digitorum profundus)
Term
What does the ulnar nerve innervate?
Definition
Inervates the flexor carpi ulnaris and medial part of the ring and little fingers of the flexor digitorum profundus
Term
What does the radial nerve innervate?
Definition
muscles in the posterior compartment of the forearm
Term
Between the distal tendons of which two muscles is the depression of the "anatomical snuff box"
Definition
extensor pollicis longus and extensor pollicis brevis
Term
Where are 4 places that an ulnar nerve injury can take place?
Definition
-Posterior to medial epicondyle
-in cubital tunnel
-at wrist
-in hand
Term
Abduction and adduction of the hand is in relation to what?
Definition
the middle finger
Term
Name the 8 carpals starting with the lateral side of the proximal row and moving medial then jumping to the lateral side of the distal row and finish medial
Definition
Scaphoid
Lunate
Triquetrium
Pisiform
Trapezium
Trapezoid
Capitate
Hamate
Term
Wrist synovial joint is formed by the articulation of which bones?
Definition
radius, ulna, scaphoid, lunate, and triquetrum
Term
What factors permit the increased mobility of the thumb?
Definition
Absence of transverse metacarpal ligament between the thumb and the index finger. saddle going between metacarpal 1 and the trapezium
Term
What is the thick CT ligament that converts the carpal arch to the carpal tunnel? What are the 9 tendons that pass through the carpal tunnel? What nerve passes through?
Definition
-flexor retinaculum
-4 tendons of the flexor digitorum profundus
-4 tendons of the flexor digitorum profundus
-tendon of the flexor pollicis longs
-median nerve
Term
The palmar aponeurosis is a continuation of the tendon of what muscle?
Definition
palmaris longus
Term
What fine motor movement of the hand and fingers is contributed by the intrinsic muscles of the hand inserting into the extensor hoods?
Definition
ability to flex the MP joints while at the same time extending the IP joints
Term
What passes through the obturator canal?
Definition
obturator nerve and obturator vessels
Term
what passes through the greater sciatic foramen below the piriformis muscle? (7)
Definition
-sciatic nerve
-inferior gluteal N,A,V
-pudendal nerve
-internal pudendal A,V
-posterior femoral cutaneous nerve
-nerve to obturator internus and gemellus superior muscles
-nerve to quadratus femoris and gemellus inferior muscles
Term
what passes through the greater sciatic foramen above the piriformis muscle?
Definition
-superior gluteal N,A,V
Term
what passes through the lesser sciatic foramen?
Definition
-obturator internus muscle tendon
-pudendal nerve and internal pudendal vessels pass into perineum from gluteal region
Term
what passes through the gap between the inguinal ligament and the anterosuperior margin of the pelvis? (7)
Definition
-psoas major, iliac us, pectinous muscles
-femoral artery
-femoral vein
-lymphatics
-femoral branch of the genitofemoral nerve
-lateral cutaneous nerve of the thigh
-femoral nerve
Term
What muscle fills the hole in the greater sciatic foramen, dividing it into a superior and inferior opening?
Definition
the piriformis
Term
What is the femoral artery a continuation of?
Definition
The external iliac artery
Term
What is the motor function does the Femoral nerve provide? What spinal segments are associated?
Definition
-L2-L4
-all muscles in the anterior compartment of the thigh
-in the abdomen, also gives rise to branches that supply the iliacus and pectinous
Term
What sensory function does the femoral nerve supply?
Definition
-Skin over the anterior thigh, anteromedial knee, medial side of the leg, and medial side of the foot
Term
What motor function does the obturator nerve supply? What spinal segments is it associated with?
Definition
- L2-L4
-all muscles in the medial compartment of the thigh (EXCEPT pectinous and the part of the adductor magnus attached to the ischium)
-obturator externis
Term
What sensory function does the obturator nerve supply?
Definition
skin over the upper medial aspect of the thigh
Term
What spinal segments is the sciatic nerve associated with? What does it split into?
Definition
-L4-S3
-divides into common fibular and tibial
Term
What motor function is supplied by the sciatic nerve?
Definition
all muscles in the posterior compartment of the thigh and part of the adductor magnus attached to the ischium
-all muscles in the leg and foot
Term
What sensory function is supplied by the sciatic nerve?
Definition
skin over the lateral side of the leg and the foot
-skin over the sole and dorsal surface of foot
Term
What foramen does the sciatic nerve leave through?
Definition
the greater sciatic foramen
Term
What spinal segments are associated with the superior gluteal nerve? What does it leave through?
Definition
-L4-S1
-greater sciatic foramen
Term
What is the motor function supplied by the superior gluteal?
Definition
-muscles of the gluteus region (gluteus medius, minimus, tensor fasciae latae)
Term
What spinal segments is the inferior gluteal nerve associated with? What foramen does it leave through? What is the motor function that it supplies?
Definition
L5-S2
-greater sciatic foramen
-innervates gluteus maximus
Term
What is the spinal segment associated with the ilioinguinal nerve? What motor function does it supply? sensory function?
Definition
-L1
-innervates muscles of the abdominal wall
-skin over anteromedial part of upper thigh and adjacent part of perineum
Term
What is the spinal segment associated with the genitofemoral nerve? what motor function does it supply? sensory function?
Definition
-L1 and L2
-genital branch innervates cremester muscle in the wall of the spermatic cord in men
-femoral branch innervates skin on anterior central part of upper thigh; genital branch innervates skin in anterior part of perineum
Term
What spinal segments are associated with the lateral cutaneous nerve of the thigh? what sensory function does it provide?
Definition
-L2 and L3
-parietal peritoneum in the iliac fossa and skin over anterolateral thigh
Term
What spinal segments are associated with the posterior cutaneous nerve of the thigh? what sensory function does it provide
Definition
-S1-S3
-skin over the gluteal fold and upper medial aspect of thigh and adjacent perineum, posterior aspect of thigh and upper posterior leg
Term
What spinal segment is associated with the nerve to the quadratus femoris? what is the motor function?
Definition
-L4- S1
-muscles of gluteal region (quadratus femurs and gemellus inferior)
Term
What spinal segment is associated with the nerve to obturator internus? what is the motor function?
Definition
L5-S2
-muscles of the gluteal region (obturator internus and gemellus superior)
Term
What spinal segment is associated with the perforating cutaneous nerve? sensory function?
Definition
-S2 and S3
-skin over medial aspect of gluteal fold
Term
What are the three branches of the internal iliac artery?
Definition
-superior and inferior gluteal artery and obturator artery
Term
what does the external iliac artery turn into?
Definition
the femoral artery
Term
What is the deep vein of the LE? What is it a continuation of?
Definition
the femoral, it comes from the external iliac vein
Term
What are the two superficial veins of the LE? What do they connect to?
Definition
great and small saphenous veins, connect to the femoral vein
Term
Varicose veins occur more frequently in ___________ and are aggravated by ____________. There is often times a ____________ predisposition. What are the most common sites?
Definition
-women
-pregnancy
-genetic
-Long saphenous and femoral vein junction
-Short saphenous and popliteal vein junction
Term
What causes a DVT?
Definition
injury to a vessel wall, hyper coagulability, and venous stasis
-can break off and result in occlusion of the pulmonary artery, or cardiopulmonary arrest and death.
Term
What are the three sets of lymph nodes in the LE?
Definition
-superficial inguinal
-deep inguinal
-popliteal
Term
Give the boundaries of the femoral triangle (base, medial border, lateral border, floor)
Definition
-base= inguinal ligament
-medial border= medial side of the adductor longus
-lateral border= medial border of sartorial
-floor= pectineus and adductor longus
Term
Lateral to medial in the femoral triangle are what?
Definition
Femoral N, A, V
Term
Where can the femoral nerve be palpated?
Definition
in the femoral triangle, just inferior to the inguinal ligament and midway between the ASIS and the pubic symphysis
Term
In the clinic, cardiologists use the femoral artery to place catheters in vessels around the ______/_____ and ______/_______
Definition
aortic arch and coronary arteries
Term
access to the femoral vein permits catheters to be placed into _______ veins, _________ veins, _________ atrium, and _______/_______ of the heart
Definition
-renal
-gonadal
-right
-right side
Term
Muscles in the gluteal region perform what three actions on the femur?
Definition
-abduct, extend, and externally rotate
Term
How does the pudendal nerve pass in respect to the greater and lesser sciatic foramen?
Definition
it goes through the greater and then back through the lesser to enter the perineum
Term
What do the deep group of gluteal muscles do?
Definition
laterally rotate the femur
Term
What does the superficial group of gluteal muscles do?
Definition
abducts and extends the hip
Term
Piriformis O,I,N,F
Definition
O= sacrum
I=medial side of greater trochanter of femur
N= Branches from L5, S1, S2
F= laterally rotates extended femur and abducts flexed femur
Term
Obturator internus O,I,N,F
Definition
O=obturator membrane and surrounding bone
I= medial side of greater trochanter of femur
N=nerve to obturator internus (L5, S1)
F= Laterally rotates extended femur, abducts flexed femur
Term
Gemellus Superior O, I, N, F
Definition
O=Ischial spine
I=obturator internis tendon and medial side of greater trochanter of femur
N= Nerve to obturator internus (L5, S1)
F= laterally rotates extended femur and abducts flexed femur
Term
Gemellus inferior O,I,N,F
Definition
O=ischial tuberosity
I= obturator internus tendon and medial aspect of the greater trochanter of femur
N= nerve to quadratus femoris (L5, S1)
F= laterally rotates extended femur and abducts flexed femur
Term
Quadratus femoris O,I,N,F
Definition
O= ischial tuberosity
I=intertrochanteric crest of proximal femur
N= nerve to quadratus femoris
F= laterally rotates femur
Term
Gluteus Minimus O,I,N,F
Definition
O=ilium between inferior and anterior gluteal lines
I= greater trochanter of femur
N= superior gluteal nerve (L4,L5,S1)
F= abducts and medially rotates femur, prevents foot drop on opposite swing side
Term
Gluteus Medius O,I,N,F
Definition
O= external surface of ilium between anterior and posterior gluteal lines
I= greater trochanter
N= superior gluteal nerve (L4, L5, S1)
F=abducts and medially rotates femur, prevents hip drop on opposite swing side during walking
Term
GLuteus maximus O,I,N,F
Definition
O= gluteus medius fascia, ilium, sacrum, etc
I= TFL and proximal femur (gluteal tuberosity)
N= inferior gluteal nerve (L5, S1, S2)
F= extends flexed femur, laterally stabilizes knee and hip, laterally rotates and abducts thigh
Term
Tensor Fasciae Latae O,I,N,F
Definition
O= lateral iliac crest
I= ilitoibial tract of fascia lata
N= superior gluteal nerve
F= stabilize the knee in extension
Term
What does the superior gluteal nerve innervate?
Definition
Gluteus medius, minimus, and TFL
Term
What does the sciatic nerve innervate?
Definition
-muscles in the posterior compartment of the thigh that flex the knee
-muscles in ankle and foot
-skin in lower limb
Term
What does the nerve to the quadratus femurs innervate?
Definition
quadratus femoris and gemellus inferior
Term
What does the nerve to the obturator internus innervate?
Definition
obturator internus and the gemellus superior
Term
What does the pudendal nerve innervate?
Definition
perineum
Term
What does the inferior gluteal nerve innervate?
Definition
the gluteus maximus
Term
what does the perforating cutaneous nerve innervate?
Definition
skin over the medial aspect of gluteus max
Term
Where should an intramuscular injection be performed in the gluteal region to avoid injuring the sciatic nerve?
Definition
anterior corner of the upper lateral quadrant
Term
Where does the inferior gluteal artery arise from?
Definition
the anterior trunk of the internal iliac
Term
Where does the superior gluteal artery arise from? what does it divide into?
Definition
the posterior trunk of the internal iliac artery, divides into a superficial and deep branch
Term
Muscles in the anterior compartment of the thigh perform what function?
Definition
extend the leg at knee joint
Term
Muscles in the posterior compartment of the thigh perform what function?
Definition
extend the thigh at the hip joint and flex the leg at the knee joint
Term
The muscles in the medial compartment of the thigh do what?
Definition
adduct thigh at the hip joint
Term
Sciatic nerve innervates muscles in what compartment of the thigh? femoral? obturator?
Definition
-posterior
-anterior
-medial
Term
Distal femur is characterized by large _________ which articulate with the head of the ________. Posteriorly they are separated by an ___________/___________
Definition
condyles, tibia, intercondylar fossa
Term
The walls of the intercondylar fossa have two facets for the ____________ ligaments
Definition
cruciate
Term
What are epicondyles an attachment site for?
Definition
collateral ligament of the knee
Term
The __________ is the largest sesamoid bone. The apex is __________ for the attachment of the ___________/________ which connects it to the ________
Definition
patella, inferiorly, patellar ligament, tibia
Term
The base of the patella is for the attachment of the ____________/____________
Definition
quadriceps femoris
Term
The proximal end of the tibia has medial and lateral _______. Separated by an _________ region with sites for attachment of the _________ ligaments
Definition
condyles, intercondylar, cruciate
Term
What are the interarticular cartilages of the proximal end of the tibia?
Definition
menisci
Term
The posterior and anterior intercondylar regions of the proximal tibia each have ______ facets for attachment of the _________ and _________ ligaments
Definition
3, menisci, cruciate
Term
The tibial tuberosity is the site of attachment of what?
Definition
the patellar ligament
Term
Does the fibula articulate with the knee or have anything to do with weight bearing?
Definition
No and No
Term
Psoas Major O,I,N,F
Definition
O= posterior abdominal wall
I= lesser trochanter of femur
N= anterior rami of L1,L2,L3
F= flexes thigh at hip
Term
Iliacus O,I,N,F
Definition
O= iliac fossa
I= lesser trochanter of femus
N= Femoral nerve (L2, L3)
F= flexes thigh at hip
Term
Vastus medialis O,I,N,F
Definition
O= Femur
I= quadriceps femoris tendon and medial patella
N= femoral nerve (L2,L3,L4)
F= extends the leg at the knee joint
Term
Vastus intermedius O,I,N,F
Definition
O= femur
I= quad femoris tendon and medial patella
N= femoral nerve (L2,L3,L4)
F= extends leg at knee joint
Term
Vastus Lateralis O,I,N,F
Definition
O= femur
I= quad femoris tendon
N= femoral nerve (L2,L3,L4)
F= extends the leg at the knee joint
Term
Rectus femors O,I,N,F
Definition
O= AIIS and ilium superior to acetabulum
I= quadriceps femoris tendon
N= femoral (L2,L3,L4)
F= flexes thigh at hip and extends leg at knee
Term
Sartorius O,I,N,F
Definition
O= ASIS
I= medial surface of tibia
N= femoral nerve (L2,L3,L4)
F= flexes thigh at hip and FLEXES leg at knee
Term
Gracilis O,I,N,F
Definition
O= pubis
I= medial surface of proximal tibial shaft
N= obturator nerve (L2,L3)
F= adducts thigh at hip and flexes leg at knee
Term
Pectineus O,I,N,F
Definition
O= pectineal line and pubis
I= posterior proximal femur
N= femoral (L2,L3,L4)
F= adducts and flexes thigh and hip
Term
Adductor longus O,I,N,F
Definition
O= pubis
I= linea aspera
N= obturator (anterior) (L2,L3,L4)
F= adducts and medially rotates thigh at hip
Term
Adductor brevis O,I,N,F
Definition
O= pubis
I= posterior surface proximal femur
N= obturator (L2,L3)
F= adducts thigh at hip
Term
Adductor Magnus O,I,N,F (adductor part)
Definition
O= ischipubic ramus
I= posterior proximal femur
N= obturator (L2,L3,L4
F= adducts and medially rotates the thigh at hip joint
Term
Adductor magnus O,I,N,F hamstring part
Definition
O= ischial tuberostiy
I= adductor tubercle
N= sciatic nerve (l2,L3,L4)
F= adducts and medially rotates the thigh at the hip
Term
Obturator externus O,I,N,F
Definition
O= obturator membrane
I= trochanteric fossa
N= obturator nerve (L3,L4)
F= laterally rotates thigh at hip
Term
Biceps femoris O,I,N,F
Definition
O= ischial tuberosity and linea aspera
I= head of fibula
N= Sciatic nerve (L5,S1,S2)
F= flexes and laterally rotates leg at knee, extended and laterally rotates thigh at hip
Term
Semitendonosus O,I,N,F
Definition
O= ischial tuberosity
I= medial surface of prox tibia
N= sciatic nerve (L5, S1, S2)
F= flexes and medially rotates leg at knee joint, extends and medially rotates thigh at hip
Term
Semimembranosus
Definition
O= ischial tuberosity
I= medial tibial condyle
N= sciatic (L5, S1, S2)
F= flexes and medially rotates leg at knee joint, extends and medially rotates thigh at hip
Term
What is the deep artery of the thigh? From what does it originate? What are its branches?
Definition
profunda femoris, femoral artery, medial and lateral circum flex femoral branches and 3 perforating branches
Term
What is the obturator artery a branch of? What does is bifurcate into>
Definition
-internal iliac artery
-anterior and posterior branches
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