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Anatomy
Female Reproduction System 2
50
Anatomy
Undergraduate 3
11/30/2012

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Term
The vagina is a -- tube that has which features?
Definition
thin walled
mucosa
muscularis
adventitia
fornix
Term
What type of epithelium does the mucosa of the vagina have?
What else?
Definition
–Stratified squamous epithelium
–Lamina propria with elastic fibers
–Transverse folds (help grip penis during copulation)
Term
what is the muscularis of the vagina?
Definition
smooth muscle
Term
what is the adventitia of the vagina?
Definition
typical
Term
what is the fornix of the vagina
Definition
recessed portion around cervix
Term
what received most deposited semen?
Definition
posterior fornix
Term
Mammary Glands are divided into:
Definition
15-25 lobes
Term
What does each lobe of the mammary gland contain?
Definition
distinct compound alveolar (acinar) gland with many branching ducts
Term
What are the lobes of the mammary glands divided into? What are they?
Definition
lobules- each lobule is a cluster of secretory units (alveoli); cuboidal cells.
Term
mammary glands are modified --
milk is modified --
Definition
sweat glands of skin
sweat
Term
Mammary lobes are separated by
Definition
large amounts of adipose (fat)
Term
What is milk carried through?
Definition
larger, and large ducts until they become lactiferous ducts beneath nipple
Term
Lactiferous ducts converge at:
each duct:
Definition
converge at nipple
each open separately
Term
Near nipple, lactiferous ducts contain:
Definition
a swelling= lactiferous sinus
Term
What happens at the lactiferous sinus?
Definition
milk collects in lactiferous sinus during nursing
In human, modified smooth muscle cells (myoepithelial) surround ducts and sinuses, help express milk
Term
What are suspensory ligaments?
Definition
from fascia of underlying skeletal muscle to dermis
support breast
Term
mammary glands develop along:
which usually degenerate?
Definition
epidermal ridge from armpit to groin= mammary line
all but a pair in thorax usally degenerate
Occasionally develop at other locations along line
Term
Mammary Gland Development
Pre puberty
Definition
–Only lactiferous ducts with few branches
–Similar in males; remain after puberty (can get tumors of ducts)
Term
Mammary Gland Development
At puberty
Definition
lactiferous ducts grow and branch extensively (but alveoli absent)
–Increase in adipose (fat); breasts enlarge
Term
Mammary Gland Development
during pregnancy
Definition
secretory cells divide and alveoli sprout from ends of ducts
Term
About 6 days after conception what happens?
Definition
blastocyst begins implantation
Term
What does the blastocyst consist of?
Definition
an inncer cell mass (future embryo) and outer trophoblast (part of placenta)
Term
What layers does the trophoblast form?
Definition
1)Cytotrophoblast – inner cellular layer
2)Syncytiotrophoblast – outer layer
Term
Plasma membrane of cells degenerate;
Definition
multinucleated mass of cytoplasm = syncytium
Term
Syncytiotrophoblast
Definition
–Enzymes digest portion of endometrium
–Blastocyst “burrows” completely into endometrium
Term
extra-embryonic mesoderm
formed from:
CT:
Surrounds:
Contains:
Definition
Formed from cytotrophoblast
–Embryonic loose connective tissue
–Surrounds embryo
–Contains blood vessels from embryo to placenta
Term
extra-embryonic mesoderm
connects? which equals? which becomes?
Definition
–Connects embryo to cytotrophoblast = body stalk; will become umbilical cord
Term
What makes up the chorion?
Definition
Extra-embryonic mesoderm + cytotrophoblast layer = chorion
Term
what does the chorion form?
Definition
Forms finger-like projections = chorionic villi
Term
what forms in the syncytiotrophoblast layer? What fills it?
Definition
Lacunae (“lakes”; clefts) form in syncytiotrophoblast layer
–Fill with blood from degraded endometrial blood vessels
Term
Chorionic villi grow into
Definition
blood filled lacunae
Term
Embryonic blood vessels grow into
Definition
villi in extra-embryonic mesoderm; near maternal blood source
Term
what does the placenta do between what?
provides:
disposes:
Signals:
Definition
Exchanges across the chorionic villi between maternal and fetal blood
–Provide fetus with nutrients and oxygen
–Dispose of its wastes (carbon dioxide, urea)
–Allow hormonal signals to be sent to the mother
Term
What happens during week 13
Definition
placenta is fully formed
Term
placenta is an important-
is primarly-
regulates-
Definition
endocrine organ
Primarily syncytiotrophoblast
Regulate pregnancy
Term
In villi, the placental barrier consists of?
Definition
1)Syncytiotrophoblast – outermost
2)Cytotrophoblast
3)Extra-embryonic mesoderm
4)Endothelium of embryo blood vessels – innermost
Term
what happens to the layers of the placenta and why?
Definition
Layers become very thin so diffusion is rapid
Term
what is the Homologous External Genitalia for the genital tubercle?
Definition
–Glans penis and glans clitoris
–Grows to become most of the penis in males
Term
what is the Homologous External Genitalia for the urethral folds?
Definition
–Penile urethra and labia minor
–Remains divided in females; vestibule
Term
what is the Homologous External Genitalia for the labioscrotal swellings
Definition
–Scrotum and labia majora
Term
The uterus is a -- organ
Definition
hollow, thick walled
Term
the uterus is anchored to -- by -- (part of --) and also anchored to --
Definition
Anchored to pelvic wall by mesometrium (part of broad ligmentm); also muscles of pelvic floor
Term
The endometrium of the uterine wall is -- epithelium?
Definition
simple columnar epithelium
Term
Functional layer of the endometrium in the uterine wall
Definition
Functional layer- lamina propria with blood vessels and uterine glands; shed during menstruation
Term
basal layer of the endometrium in the uterine wall?
Definition
remains to replenish endometrium
Term
What are the layers of the uterine wall?
Definition
endometrium
myometrium
perimetrium
Term
WHat is the myometrium layer of the uterine wall?
Definition
thickest layer
smooth muscle
contractions help expel baby
Term
Perimetrium
Definition
outer serous membrane
Term
What is the cervix?
Definition
narrow region, opens into vagina
Term
Proliferative and Secretory Phases of the uterine cycle
Definition
functional layer rebuils- increase in blood vessels and glands, secretion of nutrients for embryo
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