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Anatomy-Unit 1-Back, Upper & Lower Extremities
Anatomy of the Back, Upper & Lower Extremities
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Anatomy
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08/21/2009

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Cards

Term
Boundaries of Quadrangular Space
Definition

teres minor m. (above)

teres major m. (below)

long head of triceps m. (medial)

surgical neck of humerus (lateral)

Term
Contents of Quadrangular Space
Definition

axillary nerve

posterior circumflex humeral artery and vein

Term
Boundaries of Triangular Interval
Definition

teres major m. (above)

long head of triceps m. (medial)

lateral head of triceps m. (lateral)

Term
Contents of Triangular Interval
Definition

radial nerve

deep brachial artery and vein

Term
Axillary Artery - Part 1
Definition

outer border of 1st rib to medial border of pectoralis minor m.

 

1 branch

supreme or highest thoracic artery

supplies anterior area of 1st 2 intercostal spaces

Term
Axillary Artery-Part 2
Definition

portion of artery behind or deep to pectoralis minor m.

 

2 branches

 

thoracoacromial trunk

to pectoral muscles

 

lateral thoracic artery

lateral aspect of thorax

Term
Axillary Artery - Part 3
Definition

[image]from lateral border of pectoralis minor m. to the lower border of the teres major m.

 

3 branches:

 

subscapular trunk

posterior circumflex humeral artery

anterior circumflex humeral artery

Term
Carpal Tunnel Syndrome
Definition

compression syndrome

 

median nerve gets compressed

 

pain in 1st 3 digits

 

Term
Palmar Digital Branches of Median Nerve
Definition

from median nerve

 

location: N/A

 

supplies skin of lateral or radial 3 1/2 digits on palmar side and associated palm of hand

Term

Palmar Digital Branches of Ulnar Nerve

 

 

Definition

from ulnar nerve

 

location: N/A

 

supplies skin of medial or ulnar 1 1/2 digits on palmar side and associated palm of hand

Term

Dorsal Cutaneous Branch of Ulnar Nerve

 

Definition

branch of ulnar nerve

 

location: along medical aspect of forearm just above wrist and passes in close proximity to head of ulna onto dorsum of hand

 

supplies dorsal skin of medial or ulnar 2 1/2 digits and associated dorsum of hand

Term
Superficial Radial Nerve
Definition

one of two terminal branches of radial nerve

 

Location: deep in brachioradialis m. for most of forearm

 

near hand courses towards dorsum of web between thumb and index (first) finger

 

supplies dorsal skin of radial or lateral 2 1/2 digits and associated dorsum of hand

 

 

Term
Posterior Antebrachial Cutaneous Nerve
Definition

from radial nerve

 

descends behind lateral epicondyle of humerus and continues into posterior forearm

 

supplies skin of posterior aspect of forearm, particularly skin adjacent to midline

Term
Lateral Antebrachial Cutaneous Nerve
Definition

terminal branch of musculocutaneous nerve

 

in company w/ cephalic vein in forearm

 

supplies skin of lateral aspect of forearm

Term
Medial Antebrachial Cutaneous Nerve
Definition

from medial cord of brachial plexus

 

in company w/ basilic vein in lower arm and forearm

 

supplies skin of medial aspect of forearm

Term
Superior Lateral Brachial Cutaneous Nerve
Definition

from axillary nerve

 

Location: along lower posterior border of deltoid muscle

 

supplies skin of upper-lateral aspect of arm

Term
Subacromial or Subdeltoid Bursa
Definition

under middle part of deltoid m.

 

has upward extension btwn acromion process of scapula above and tendon of supraspinatus m. below

 

facilitates movement of deltoid over greater tubercle of humerus and movement of supraspinatus tendon in relation to under surface of acromion by reducing friction btwn them

Term

Triangle of Auscultation

 

 

Definition

Location: 6th intercostal space (btwn 6th and 7th ribs)

 

triangular area at lower medial border of scapula bounded by

 

latissimus dorsi

trapezius

rhomboideus

Term
Lumbar Triangle
Definition

triangle above iliac crest bounded by:

 

latissimus dorsi

external abdominal oblique m.

iliac crest

 

weak area where hernias occur or pus emerge from abdominal cavity

Term

Erector Spinae

 

 

Definition

a deep back muscle that extends the back and maintains posture

 

3 parts (medial to lateral):

 

spinalis m.

longissimus m.

iliocostalis m.

Term

Multifidus m.

 

 

Definition
in lumbar region, deep to membraneous origin of erector spinae m.
Term

Vertebral Column

 

Curvature and Vertebral Regions and Number

Definition

concave  cervical-7

 

convex  thoracic-12

 

concave  lumbar-5

 

convex  sacral-5

 

convex  coccyx-4

Term
Lordosis
Definition
accentuation of lumbar curve
Term
Kyphosis
Definition
accentuate thoracic curvature
Term
Batson's Plexus of Veins
Definition

within spinal canal in epidural space

 

where vascular spread of cancer and infection occurs

 

ex-prostate cancer into lumbar vertebrae

Term
Anterior Spinal Artery
Definition
major source of blood to spinal cord
Term
Medullary Branches
Definition
arteries that supplement anterior spinal artery
Term
Cervical Vertebral Characteristics
Definition

small in size

 

have transverse foramina

 

spinous processes-bifid

 

joint spaces btwn facets-anterior tilted horizontal plane

Term
Thoracic Vertebrae Characteristics
Definition

bodies and tranverse processes have facets for ribs

 

spinous processes-long and project downward

 

articular facets

 

joint spaces in coronal or frontal plane

Term
Lumbar Vertebra Characteristics
Definition

large in size

 

blade-like spinous processes

 

transverse processes-short w/ pointed ends

 

joint spaces btwn facets-sagittal plane

Term
Spinal Column Curvature In Fetus
Definition

concave anteriorly

 

convex posteriorly

Term

Pectoralis Major M.

 

Origin

Definition

clavicular head-medial 1/3 of clavicle

 

sternocostal head-sternum and adjacent upper 6 or 7 costal cartilages

Term

Pectoralis Major M.

 

Insertion

Definition
crest of greater tubercle (lateral lip of intertubercular sulcus)
Term

Pectoralis Major M.

 

Action

Definition

adduction and internal rotation of humerus

 

accessory muscle of inspiration

Term

Pectoralis Major M.

 

Innervation

Definition

medial pectoral nerve

 

lateral pectoral nerve

Term

Pectoralis Major M.

 

Blood Supply

Definition

pectoral branches of thoracoacromial trunk

 

lateral thoracic artery (from axillary artery)

Term

Pectoralis Minor M.

 

Origin

Definition
ribs 3-5
Term

Pectoralis Minor M.

 

Insertion

Definition
coracoid process
Term

Pectoralis Minor M.

 

Action

Definition
protraction, depression, and downward rotation of scapula
Term

Pectoralis Minor M.

 

Innervation

Definition
medial pectoral nerve
Term

Pectoralis Minor M.

 

Blood Supply

Definition

pectoral branches of thoracoacromial trunk

 

lateral thoracic artery (from axillary artery)

Term

Serratus Anterior M.

 

Origin

Definition
lateral surface of ribs 1-8
Term

Serratus Anterior M.

 

Insertion

Definition

medial (vertebral) border of scapula on anterior or costal side

 

thicker, lower attaches to inferior angle of scapula

Term

Serratus Anterior M.

 

Action

 

Definition

abduction and upward rotation of scapula

 

stablizes scapula by holding medial border against rib cage

 

 

Term

Serratus Anterior M.

 

Innervation

Definition

long thoracic nerve

 

on outer surface of serratus anterior m. and may be injured w/ lateral rib cage trauma

Term

Serratus Anterior M.

 

Blood Supply

Definition

lateral thoracic artery

 

thoracic branches  of thoracodorsal artery

Term

Trapezius M.

 

Origin

Definition

skull - external occipital protuberance and medial aspect of superior nuchal line

 

vertebral column - nuchal ligament that attaches to cervical and thoracic spinous processes

Term

Trapezius M.

 

Insertion

Definition
lateral 1/3 of clavicle and acromion process, spine of scapula
Term

Trapezius M.

 

Action

 

 

Definition

upper part - elevation and upward rotation of scapula

 

middle part - adduction of scapula

 

lower part - depression and upward rotation of scapula

 

 

Term

Trapezius M.

 

Nerve Supply

Definition
accessory nerve AKA cranial nerve
Term

Trapezius M.

 

Blood Supply

Definition

transverse cervical artery (from subclavian artery)

 

muscular branch of dorsal scapular artery (from subclavian artery)

Term

Latissimus dorsi M.

 

Origin

Definition
sacrum, iliac crest, spinous processes of lumbar vertebrae, spinous processes of lower 6 thoracic vertebrae and lower 4 ribs
Term

Latissimus dorsi M.

 

Insertion

Definition

humerus - floor of intertubercular or bicipital groove

 

sulcus - anterior side of proximal humerus

Term

Latissimus dorsi M.

 

Action

Definition

extension, medial rotation, adduction, and depression of shoulder (humerus or arm)

 

depression and downward rotation of scapula

Term

Latissimus dorsi M.

 

Nerve Supply

Definition
thoracodorsal nerve AKA middle subscapular nerve
Term

Latissimus dorsi M.

 

Blood Supply

Definition
thoracodorsal artery
Term

Levator Scapulae M.

 

Origin

Definition
transverse processes of upper 4 cervical vertebrae
Term

Levator Scapulae M.

 

Insertion

Definition
superior angle and upper medial border of scapula
Term

Levator Scapulae M.

 

Action

Definition
elevation of scapula
Term

Levator Scapulae M.

 

Nerve Supply

 

 

Definition
C3, C4, dorsal scapular nerve (from C5)
Term

Levator Scapulae M.

 

Blood Supply

Definition
dorsal scapular artery
Term

Rhomboideus M.

 

Origin

Definition
lower cervical and upper thoracic spinous processes
Term

Rhomboideus M.

 

Insertion

Definition
medial (vertebral) border of scapula from base of spine to inferior angle
Term

Rhomboideus M.

 

Action

Definition
adduction, elevation, and downward rotation of scapula
Term

Rhomboideus M.

 

Blood Supply

Definition
dorsal scapular artery
Term

Deltoid M.

 

Origin

Definition

anterior portion - lateral 1/3 of clavicle

 

middle portion - acromion

 

posterior portion - spine of scapula

Term

Deltoid M.

 

Insertion

Definition
3 portions coverge to insert into deltoid tuberosity of humerus
Term

Deltoid M.

 

Action

Definition

anterior portion - flexion and internal rotation of shoulder (arm or humerus)

 

middle portion - abduction of shoulder

 

posterior portion - extension and lateral rotation of humerus

 

anterior and posterior portions - adduction of shoulder

Term

Deltoid M.

 

Nerve Supply

 

 

Definition
axillary nerve
Term

Deltoid M.

 

Blood Supply

Definition

anterior and posterior circumflex humeral arteries (from axillary artery)

 

 

Term

Supraspinatus M.

 

(Rotator Cuff)

 

Origin

Definition
supraspinatous fossa
Term

Supraspinatus M.

 

(Rotator Cuff)

 

Insertion

Definition
highest facet of greater tubercle of humerus
Term

Supraspinatus M.

 

(Rotator Cuff)

 

Action

Definition
abduction of humerus
Term

Supraspinatus M.

 

(Rotator Cuff)

 

Nerve Supply

 

 

Definition
suprascapular nerve
Term

Supraspinatus M.

 

(Rotator Cuff)

 

Blood Supply

 

Definition
suprascapular artery (branch of subclavian artery)
Term

Infraspinatus M.

 

(Rotator Cuff)

 

Origin

Definition
infraspinatous fossa
Term

Infraspinatous M.

 

(Rotator Cuff)

 

Insertion

Definition
middle facet of greater tubercle of humerus
Term

Infraspinatous M.

 

(Rotator Cuff)

 

Action

Definition
external (lateral) rotation of humerus
Term

Infraspinatous M.

 

(Rotator Cuff)

 

Nerve Supply

Definition
suprascapular nerve
Term

Infraspinatous M.

 

(Rotator Cuff)

 

Blood Supply

Definition
suprascapular artery
Term

Teres Minor M.

 

(Rotator Cuff)

 

Origin

Definition
lateral border of scapula
Term

Teres Minor M.

 

(Rotator Cuff)

 

Insertion

Definition
lowest facet of humerus
Term

Teres Minor M.

 

(Rotator Cuff)

 

Action

Definition
external rotation of humerus
Term

Teres Minor M.

 

(Rotator Cuff)

 

Innervation

Definition
axillary nerve
Term

Teres Minor M.

 

(Rotator Cuff)

 

Blood Supply

Definition
posterior circumflex humeral and circumflex scapular arteries (from axillary artery)
Term

Subscapularis M.

 

(Rotator Cuff)

 

Origin

Definition
subscapular fossa
Term

Subscapularis M.

 

(Rotator Cuff)

 

Insertion

Definition
lesser tubercle of humerus
Term

Subscapularis M.

 

(Rotator Cuff)

 

Action

Definition
internal rotation of humerus
Term

Subscapularis M.

 

(Rotator Cuff)

 

Innervation

Definition
upper and lower subscapular nerves
Term

Subscapular M.

 

(Rotator Cuff)

 

Blood Supply

Definition
various branches of axillary artery
Term

Teres Major M.

 

Origin

Definition
anterior insertion into crest of lesser tubercle of humerus (medial lip of intertubercular groove or bicipital groove)
Term

Teres Major M.

 

Insertion

Definition
dorsal surface of inferior angle of scapula
Term

Teres Major M.

 

Action

 

 

Definition
extension, internal rotation, and adduction of humerus
Term

Teres Major M.

 

Innervation

 

 

Definition
lower subscapular nerve
Term

Teres Major M.

 

Blood Supply

Definition
circumflex scapular and posterior circumflex humeral arteries
Term
Supraspinous Ligament
Definition

from tip of spine to tip of spine

 

nuchal ligament in cervical area

Term
Interspinous Ligament
Definition
between the spines, attaching from spine to spine
Term
Ligamentum Flavum
Definition

yellow ligament consisting of elastic connective tissue

 

extends column from flexed position

Term
Posterior Longitudinal Ligament
Definition

extends vertically on posterior surface of discs and bodies

 

limits extensive flexion of spinal column and restrains intervertebral disc herniation

Term
Anterior Longitudinal Ligament
Definition

extends vertically on anterior surface of discs and bodies

 

limits excessive extension of column

 

 

Term
Movements of the Vertebral Column
Definition

flexion

 

extension

 

lateral flexion (side bending)

 

rotation

Term
Spinal Nerve Numbers
Definition

cervical - 8 pairs

 

thoracic - 12 pairs

 

lumbar - 5 pairs

 

sacral - 5 pairs

 

coccygeal nerve - 1 pair

Term
Contents of Epidural Space
Definition

fat

 

Batson's plexus of veins

Term
Subdural Space
Definition

a potential space - doesn't usually contain anything

 

infection or blood show here

Term
Contents of Subarachnoid Space
Definition
CSF
Term
Denticulate Ligaments
Definition

extensions of pia mater to dural mater

 

provide lateral stabilization of cord and separate dorsal and ventral roots of spinal nerves

Term
Dorsal Root
Definition
sensory function
Term
Dorsal Root Ganglion of Spinal Ganglion
Definition
contain cell bodies of sensory nerve fibers
Term
Ventral Root
Definition
motor function
Term
Spinal Nerve
Definition
mix of sensory and motor nerve fibers
Term
Dorsal Ramus of Spinal Nerve
Definition
dorsal primary - mixed function branch
Term
Ventral Ramus of Spinal Nerve
Definition
ventral primary - mixed function branch
Term

Rami Communicantes

 

(white and gray communicans)

Definition
add sympathetic nerve fibers to spinal nerves
Term
Location of End of Spinal Cord
Definition
at disc between L1 and L2
Term
End of Subarachnoid Space
Definition
at second sacral segment
Term
Cauda Equina
Definition

nerve roots that continue caudalward after end of spinal cord

 

join lumbar (L1-L5) and sacral (S1-S5)

Term
Lumbar Cistern
Definition
subarachnoid space caudal to the termination of the spinal cord
Term
Filium Terminale
Definition

thin extension of pia mater

 

continues from end of spinal cord to lumbar cistern to connect to coccyx

 

serves to anchor spinal cord

Term

Lumbar Puncture

 

Procedure and Diagnostic Purposes

Definition

syringe needle inserted between laminae of lower lumbar vertebrae and placed into CSF of lumbar cistern below end of spinal cord

 

discover or rule out bacterial meningitis

 

brain bleed (stroke) into subarachnoid space

normally CSF clear

RBC in subarachnoid space abnormal

Term

Myelogram

 

Procedure and Diagnostic Uses

Definition

insertion of radioopaque dye in subarachnoid space

 

irregularities suggest:

 

protrusion of intervertebral disc

presence of tumors in subarachnoid space

Term
Vertebral Artery
Definition

from subclavian artery

 

inside skull, 2 vertebral arteries unite to form 1 basilar artery

 

blood supply to:

 

cervical spinal cord

brain stem (respiratory and CV centers, consciousness part)

brain part that controls visual area

Term
Perforating Vein
Definition
connects superficial vein to deep vein
Term
Boundaries of Triangular Space
Definition

teres minor m. (above)

teres major m. (below)

long head of triceps m. (lateral)

 

 

Term
Contents of Triangular Space
Definition
circumflex scapular artery and vein
Term

Pre-Axial Arm Muscles

 

(Anterior Arm Muscles, Flexor Muscles of Arm)

Definition

coracobrachialis m.

 

biceps brachii m.

 

brachialis m.

Term

Coracobrachialis M.

 

Origin

Definition
coracoid process of scapula
Term

Coracobrachialis M.

 

Insertion

Definition
medial side, mid-shaft of humerus
Term

Coracobrachialis M.

 

Action

Definition
flexion, adduction of humerus (arm, shoulder)
Term

Coracobrachialis M.

 

Innervation

Definition
musculocutaneous nerve
Term

Coracobrachialis M.

 

Blood Supply

Definition
brachial artery
Term

Biceps Brachii M.

 

Origin

 

 

Definition

long head - supraglenoid tubercle of scapula

 

short head - coracoid process of scapula

Term

Biceps Brachii M.

 

Insertion

Definition

via biceps tendon into radial tuberosity of radius

 

via bicipital aponeurosis which blends meidally with deep fascia of flexor forearm muscles

Term

Biceps Brachii M.

 

Action

Definition

supination of forearm (principal action)

 

flexion of arm (shoulder) and elbow (forearm)

Term

Biceps Brachii M.

 

Innervation

Definition
musculocutaneous nerve
Term

Biceps Brachii M.

 

Blood Supply

Definition
brachial artery
Term

Brachialis M.

 

Origin

Definition
lower anterior half of humerus
Term

Brachialis M.

 

Insertion

Definition
coranoid process of ulna
Term

Brachialis M.

 

Action

Definition
flexion of elbow (forearm)
Term

Brachialis M.

 

Innervation

Definition
musculocutaneous nerve
Term

Brachialis M.

 

Blood Supply

Definition
brachial artery
Term
Post-Axial Muscle of Arm
Definition
triceps brachii m.
Term

Triceps Brachii M.

 

Origin

Definition

long head - infraglenoid tubercle

 

lateral head - posterior humerus, above and lateral to radial groove

 

medial head - posterior humerus, below and medial to radial groove

 

 

Term

Triceps Brachii M.

 

Insertion

Definition
olecranon process of ulna
Term

Triceps Brachii M.

 

Action

Definition

extension of elbow (forearm)

 

long head also extends arm (shoulder)

Term

Triceps Brachii M.

 

Innervation

Definition
radial nerve
Term

Triceps Brachii M.

 

Blood Supply

Definition

deep brachial artery

 

brachial artery

Term
Boundaries of Cubital Fossa
Definition

roof - deep fascia reinforced by bicipital aponeurosis - frequently in the sub cutaeous tissue superficial to the roof in the median cubital vein

 

floor - brachialis and supinator muscles

 

superior boundary - imagninary line connecting epicondyles of humerus

 

medial boundary - pronator teres m.

 

lateral boundary - brachoradialis m.

Term
Contents of Cubital Fossa
Definition

from lateral to medial:

 

radial n. (located between brachioradialis and brachialis m.)

 

biceps tendon; brachial artery median nerve

Term
Superficial Group of Flexor Forearm Muscles
Definition

pronator teres

 

flexor carpi radialis

 

palmaris longus

 

flexor digitorum superficialis

 

flexor carpi ulnaris

Term

Pronator Teres M.

 

Origin

Definition
common flexor tendon and caronoid process of ulna
Term

Pronator Teres M.

 

Insertion

 

Definition
mid-shaft of radius
Term

Pronator Teres M.

 

Action

Definition
flexion of elbow and pronation of forearm
Term

Pronator Teres M.

 

Innervation

Definition
median nerve
Term

Pronator Teres M.

 

Relationships

Definition

median nerve passes between two heads of muscle

 

ulnar artery passes deep to muscle

Term

Flexor Carpi Radialis M.

 

Origin

 

 

Definition
common flexor tendon
Term

Flexor Carpi Radialis M.

 

Insertion

Definition
palmar base of metacarpals 2 and 3
Term

Flexor Carpi Radialis M.

 

Action

Definition
flexion and radial deviation or abduction of wrist
Term

Flexor Carpi Radialis M.

 

Innervation

Definition
median nerve
Term

Palmaris Longus M.

 

Origin

Definition
common flexor tendon
Term

Palmaris Longus M.

 

Insertion

Definition
tendon is continuous with palmar aponeurosis in palm of hand
Term

Palmaris Longus M.

 

Action

Definition
flexion of wrist
Term

Palmaris Longus M.

 

Innervation

Definition
median nerve
Term

Flexor Digitorum Superficialis M.

 

Origin

Definition
common flexor tendon & radius
Term

Flexor Digitorum Superficialis M.

 

Insertion

Definition
palmar base of middle phalanges of four fingers
Term

Flexor Digitorum Superficialis M.

 

Action

Definition
flexion of proximal interphalangeal joints of fingers
Term

Flexor Digitorum Superficialis M.

 

Innervation

Definition
median nerve
Term

Flexor Carpi Ulnaris M.

 

Origin

Definition
common flexor tendon, also has a deep head origin from ulna
Term

Flexor Carpi Ulnaris M.

 

Insertion

Definition
pisiform bone and from this bone via pisometacarpal ligament to fifth metacarpal bone
Term

Flexor Carpi Ulnaris M.

 

Action

Definition
flexion and ulnar deviation or adduction of wrist
Term

Flexor Carpi Ulnaris M.

 

Innervation & Blood Supply

Definition
Ulnar Nerve and Artery
Term

Deep Group of Forearm Flexor Muscle

 

(3)

Definition

flexor digitorum profundus m.

 

flexor pollicis longus m.

 

pronator quadratus m.

Term

Flexor Digitorum Profundus M.

 

Origin

Definition
ulna and interosseous membrane
Term

Flexor Digitorum Profundus M.

 

Insertion

Definition
palmar base of distal phalanges of four finders
Term

Flexor Digitorum Profundus M.

 

Action

Definition
flexion of distal interphalangeal joints of fingers
Term

Flexor Digitorum Profundus M.

 

Innervation

Definition

median nerve (lateral half of muscle associated with fingers 1 and 2)

 

ulnar nerve (medial half of muscle associated with fingers 3 and 4)

Term

Flexor Pollicis Longus M.

 

Origin

Definition

radius and interosseous membrane, lateral to fix dig profundus m.

 

 

Term

Flexor Pollicis Longus M.

 

Insertion

Definition
distal phalanx of thumb
Term

Flexor Pollicis Longus M.

 

Action

Definition
flexion of thumb
Term

Flexor Pollicis Longus M.

 

Innervation

Definition
median nerve
Term

Pronator Quadratus M.

 

Origin

Definition
distal ulna
Term

Pronator Quadratus M.

 

Insertion

Definition
distal radius
Term

Pronator Quadratus M.

 

Action

Definition
pronation of forearm
Term

Pronator Quadratus M.

 

Innervation

Definition
median nerve
Term

Superficial Extensor Forearm Muscle

 

(6)

Definition

bracioradialis m.

 

extensor carpi radialis longus m.

 

extensor carpi radialis brevis m.

 

extensor digitorum m.

 

extensor digiti minimi m.

 

extensor carpi ulnaris m.

Term

Brachioradialis M.

 

Origin

Definition
lateral supracondylar ridge
Term

Brachioradialis M.

 

Insertion

Definition
distal radius above styloid process
Term

Brachioradialis M.

 

Action

 

 

Definition
flexion of elbow, supination or pronation of forearm to neutral position when forearm is pronated or supinated
Term

Brachioradialis M.

 

Innervation & Blood Supply

Definition
Radial Nerve & Artery
Term

Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus M.

 

Origin

Definition
lateral supracondylar ridge (below brachioradialis m. origin)
Term

Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus M.

 

Insertion

Definition
dorsal base of second metacarpal bone
Term

Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus M.

 

Action

Definition

extension of wrist

 

abduction or radial deviation of wrist

Term

Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus M.

 

Innervation & Blood Supply

Definition
Radial Nerve & Artery
Term

Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis M.

 

Origin

Definition

common extensor tendon which attaches deeply to lateral epicondyle of humerus

 

 

Term

Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis M.

 

Insertion

Definition
dorsal base of third metacarpal
Term

Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis M.

 

Action

Definition

extension of wrist

 

abduction or radial deviation of wrist

Term

Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis M.

 

Innervation

Definition
radial nerve
Term

Extensor Digitorum M.

 

Origin

Definition
common extensor tendon
Term

Extensor Digitorum M.

 

Insertion

Definition
middle and distal phalanges of finger digits
Term

Extensor Digitorum M.

 

Action

Definition
extension of metacarpophalangeal joints of finger digits
Term

Extensor Digitorum M.

 

Innervation

Definition
deep radial nerve
Term

Extensor Digiti Minimi M.

 

Origin

Definition
common extensor tendon
Term

Extensor Digiti Minimi M.

 

Insertion

Definition
same as extensor digitorum to 5th digit
Term

Extensor Digiti Minimi M.

 

Action

Definition
assists in extension of the metacarpophalangeal joint of 5th digit
Term

Extensor Digiti Minimi M.

 

Innervation

Definition
deep radial nerve
Term

Extensor Carpi Ulnaris M.

 

Origin

 

Definition
common extensor tendon
Term

Extensor Carpi Ulnaris M.

 

Insertion

Definition
dorsal base of 5th metacarpal bone
Term

Extensor Carpi Ulnaris M.

 

Action

Definition

extension of wrist

 

adduction or ulnar deviation of wrist

Term

Extensor Carpi Ulnaris M.

 

Innervation

Definition
deep radial nerve
Term

Deep Group of Extensor Muscles

 

(5)

Definition

supinator m.

 

abductor pollicis longus m.

 

extensor pollicis brevis m.

 

extensor pollicis longus m.

 

extensor indicis m.

Term

Supinator M.

 

Origin

Definition
common extensor tendon, ulna
Term

Supinator M.

 

Insertion

Definition

shaft of radius (below insertion of pronator teres m.)

 

 

Term

Supinator M.

 

Action

Definition
supination of forearm
Term

Supinator M.

 

Innervation

Definition
radial nerve
Term

Abductor Pollicis Longus M.

 

Origin

Definition
radius, ulna, interosseous membrane
Term

Abductor Pollicis Longus M.

 

Insertion

Definition
ventral base of 1st metacarpal bone
Term

Abductor Pollicis Longus M.

 

Action

Definition
abduction of thumb
Term

Abductor Pollicis Longus M.

 

Innervation

Definition
deep radial nerve
Term

Extensor Pollicis Brevis M.

 

Origin

Definition
radius and interosseous membrane
Term

Extensor Pollicis Brevis M.

 

Insertion

Definition
dorsal surface of proximal phalanx of thumb
Term

Extensor Pollicis Brevis M.

 

Action

Definition
extends thumb (at carpometacarpal joint)
Term

Extensor Pollicis Brevis M.

 

Innervation

Definition
deep radial nerve
Term

Extensor Pollicis Longus M.

 

Origin

Definition
ulna and interosseous membrane
Term

Extensor Pollicis Longus M.

 

Insertion

Definition
dorsal suface of distal phalanx of thumb
Term

Extensor Pollicis Longus M.

 

Action

Definition
extension of thumb (all joints of thumb including interphalangeal joint)
Term

Extensor Pollicis Longus M.

 

Innervation

Definition
deep radial nerve
Term

Extensor Indicis M.

 

Origin

Definition
ulna and interosseous membrane
Term

Extensor Indicis M.

 

Insertion

Definition
same as for extensor digitorum to index finger
Term

Extensor Indicis M.

 

Action

Definition
primarily assists in extension of metacarpophalangeal joint of index finer
Term

Lumbar Plexus

 

T12 gives rise to what nerve and what does it serve?

Definition

subcostal nerve

 

serves king in proximal thigh, inferior and lateral to ASIS

Term

Lumbar Plexus

 

L1 gives rise to what nerves and what do they serve?

Definition

iliohypogastic and ilioinguinal nerves

 

ilioinguinal nerve goes to superior medial region of thigh

Term

Lumbar Plexus

 

L1 and L2 give rise to what nerve and what does it serve?

Definition

genitofemoral nerve

 

splits into 2 cutaneous branches - femoral brach serves proximal anterior thigh centrally

Term

Lumbar Plexus

 

L2 and L3 give rise to what nerve and what does it serve?

Definition

lateral femoral cutaneous nerve

 

serves skin on anterior and lateral thigh

Term

Lumbar Plexus

 

L2, L3, and L4 give rise to what nerves and what do they serve?

Definition

femoral nerve and obturator nerve

 

femoral nerve - cutaneous and muscular branches serve anterior hip and thigh areas

 

obturator nerve - cutaneous and muscular branches serve medial thigh areas

Term

Lumbar Plexus

 

L3 and L4 give rise to what nerve and what does it serve?

Definition
accessory obturator nerve
Term

Saphenous nerve

 

terminal branch of ?

Definition
femoral nerve
Term

Saphenous nerve

 

located in?

Definition
femoral triangle and adductor canal
Term

Saphenous vein

 

supplies what area?

Definition
skin of medial side of leg and foot
Term

Saphenous nerve

 

Branches?

Definition

knee joint

 

subsartorial plexus

 

patellar plexus

Term
thigh region
Definition
between greater trochanter and knee
Term
4 muscles that make up quadriceps muscle
Definition

rectus femoris m

 

vastus lateralis m

 

vastus medialis m

 

vastus intermedius m

Term
2 joint muscles in anterior thigh (3)
Definition

rectus femoris m

 

gracilis m

 

sartorius m

Term

Borders of Femoral Triangle

 

Lateral

Definition
medial border of sartorius muscle
Term

Borders of Femoral Triangle

 

Medial

Definition
medial border of adductor longus m
Term

Borders of Femoral Triangle

 

Superior

Definition
inguinal ligament
Term

Borders of Femoral Triangle

 

Roof

Definition

fascia lata

 

cribiform fascia

 

skin

Term

Borders of Femoral Triangle

 

Floor

Definition

iliopsoas m

 

pectineus m

 

adductor longus m

Term
femoral artery site of?
Definition
insertion of catheter for coronary artery visualization and angioplasty
Term
femoral vein site of?
Definition
venipuncture in infants
Term
Femoral Triangle contents
Definition

lateral femoral cutaneous nerve

 

femoral nerve

 

profundus femoral artery and 2 branches (medial and lateral circumflex arteries)

 

femoral branch of genitofemoral nerve

 

femoral artery

 

femoral vein

 

lymph nodes

 

femoral canal

Term

Lateral femoral cutaneous nerve

 

supplies?

 

Definition
anterior and lateral aspects of thigh
Term
opening of femoral canal
Definition
femoral ring
Term
femoral canal is the place where what can occur?
Definition
protrusion of peritoneum into femoral canal can form a femoral hernia
Term
femoral sheath
Definition
funnel shaped fascial strcture that allows transmission of external iliac into limb as femoral artery
Term
femoral sheath contents (NAVEL):
Definition

femoral nerve (N)

 

femoral artery (A)

 

femoral vein (V)

 

femoral ring, femoral canal

 

"empty space w/ lymphatics" (EL)

 

NAVEL

Term
femoral triangle arteries
Definition

lateral femoral circumflex artery

 

deep femoral artery

 

external iliac artery

 

medial femoral circumflex artery

Term
Adductor Canal AKA
Definition

subsartorial

 

Hunter's canal

Term

Adductor Canal Boundaries

 

Medial

Definition

adductor longus

 

adductor magnus

Term

Adductor Canal Boundaries

 

Lateral

Definition
vastus medialis
Term

Adductor Canal Boundaries

 

Anterior

Definition

sartorius m

 

subsartorial fascia

Term
Contents of Adductor Canal
Definition

femoral artery

 

femoral vein

 

saphenous nerve

 

nerve to vastus medialis

 

lymphatic vessels

Term
structures that traverse the adductor hiatus
Definition

femoral artery → popliteal artery

 

femoral vein ← popliteal vein

 

lymphatic vessels

Term

femoral nerve

 

location

Definition

within femoral triangle

 

outaside femoral sheath

 

lateral to femoral vessels

Term
iliotibial tract
Definition

thick lateral portion of fascia lata

 

insertion for gluteus maximus and tensor fasciae latae m.

 

stabilizes knee in extension

 

 

Term
femoral canal contains
Definition

fat

 

areolar connective tissue

 

lymph nodes

Term

Iliacus M.

 

Origin

Definition
iliac fossa
Term

Iliacus M.

 

Insertion

Definition
lesser trochanter
Term

Iliacus M.

 

Nerve

Definition
femoral nerve
Term

Iliacus M.

 

Action

Definition
flexes thigh (w/ psoas major)
Term
Anterior Thigh Muscles (7)
Definition

iliacus

 

psoas major

 

sartorius

 

rectus femoris

 

vastus intermedialis

 

vastus lateralis

 

vastus intermedius

Term

Psoas Major M.

 

Origin

Definition
lumbar spine
Term

Psoas Major M.

 

Insertion

Definition
lesser trochanter
Term

Psoas Major M.

 

Nerve

Definition
Femoral nerve
Term

Psoas Major M.

 

Action

Definition
flexus thigh (w/ iliacus)
Term

Sartorius M.

 

Origin

Definition
Anterior superior iliac spine (ASIS)
Term

Sartorius M.

 

Insertion

Definition
upper medial side of tibia
Term

Sartorius M.

 

Nerve

Definition
femoral nerve
Term

Sartorius M.

 

Action

Definition

flexes abducts and rotates thigh laterally

 

flexes leg (Tailor's Position)

Term

Rectus femoris M.

 

Origin

Definition

Anterior superior iliac spine

 

superior rim of acetabulum

Term

Rectus femoris M.

 

Insertion

Definition
tibial tuberosity
Term

Rectus femoris M.

 

Nerve

Definition
femoral nerve
Term

Rectus femoris M.

 

Action

Definition

flexes thigh

 

extends knee

Term

Vastus medialis M.

 

Origin

Definition
linea aspera
Term

Vastus medialis M.

 

Insertion

Definition
tibial tuberosity
Term

Vastus medialis M.

 

Nerve

Definition
femoral nerve
Term

Vastus medialis M.

 

Action

Definition
extends leg (knee)
Term

Vastus lateralis M.

 

Origin

Definition
linea aspera
Term

Vastus medialis M.

 

Insertion

Definition
tibial tuberosity
Term

Vastus medialis M.

 

Nerve

Definition
femoral nerve
Term

Vastus medialis M.

 

Action

Definition
Extends leg (knee)
Term

Vastus lateralis M.

 

Origin

Definition
linea aspera
Term

Vastus lateralis M.

 

Insertion

Definition
tibial tuberosity
Term

Vastus lateralis M.

 

Nerve

Definition
femoral nerve
Term

Vastus lateralis M.

 

Action

Definition
extends leg (knee)
Term

Vastus intermedius M.

 

Origin

Definition
shaft of femur
Term

Vastus intermedius M.

 

Insertion

Definition
tibial tuberosity
Term

Vastus intermedius M.

 

Nerve

Definition
femoral nerve
Term

Vastus intermedius M.

 

Action

Definition
extends leg (knee)
Term
damage to obturator nerve leads to
Definition

weakness in adducton

 

lateral swinging of limb during walking b/c of unopposed abductors

Term
obturator artery serves
Definition
lower limb
Term

Adductor longus M.

 

Origin

Definition
pubis
Term

Adductor longus M.

 

Insertion

Definition
linea aspera
Term

Adductor longus M.

 

Nerve

Definition
Obturator Nerve
Term

Adductor longus M.

 

Action

Definition
adducts thigh (hip)
Term

Adductor brevis M.

 

Origin

Definition
pubis
Term

Adductor brevis M.

 

Insertion

Definition
linea aspera
Term

Adductor brevis M.

 

Nerve

Definition
obturator nerve
Term

Adductor brevis M.

 

Action

Definition
adducts thigh (hip)
Term

Adductor magnus M.

 

Origin

Definition
pubis
Term

Adductor magnus M.

 

Insertion

Definition

linea aspera

 

adductor tubercle

Term

Adductor magnus M.

 

Nerves

Definition

obturator nerve

 

sciatic nerve

Term

Adductor magnus M.

 

Action

Definition
adducts thigh (hip)
Term

Pectineus M.

 

Origin

Definition
pubis
Term

Pectineus M.

 

Insertion

Definition
pectineal line of femur
Term

Pectineus M.

 

Nerve

Definition

obturator nerve

 

or

 

femoral nerve

Term

Pectineus M.

 

Action

Definition
adducts and flexes thigh
Term

Gracilis M.

 

Origin

Definition
pubis
Term

Gracilis M.

 

Insertion

Definition
medial surface of upper tibia with sartorius & semitendinosus muscles
Term

Gracilis M.

 

Nerve

Definition
obturator nerve
Term

Gracilis M.

 

Action

Definition
adducts thigh; flexes leg (knee)
Term

Obturator externus

 

Origin

Definition
margin of obturator foramen & obturator membrane
Term

Obturator externus

 

Insertion

Definition
intertrochanteric fossa of femur
Term

Obturator externus

 

Nerve

Definition
obturator nerve
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