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Anatomy test 6
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76
Anatomy
Undergraduate 2
02/22/2014

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Term
Endocrine glands
Definition
secrete chemicals into the blood
Term
Endocrine glands
Definition
general functions of communication and control
Term
Negative feedback
Definition
mechanisms that reverse the direction of a change in a physiological system
Term
Positive feedback
Definition
mechanisms that amplify physiological changes
Term
Positive feedback
Definition
release of oxitocin
muscle contractions
Term
Hormones
Definition
regulate metabolism of blood ph
Term
TSH
Definition
thyroid stimulating hormone
Term
FSH
Definition
follicle stimulating hormone
Term
LH
Definition
Luteinizing hormone
Term
Thyroid stimulating hormone
Definition
stimulates growth of the thyroid gland
Term
Follicle stimulating hormone
Definition
initiates growth of the ovarian follicles each month in the ovary and stimulates one or more follicles to develop to the stage of maturity and ovulation
Term
Stimulates sperm production in males
Definition
FSH
Term
Luteinizing hormone
Definition
acts with FSH to stimulate estrogen secretion and follicle growth to maturity
Term
Hypo-secretion of ADH results in?
Definition
diabetes insipidus (large amounts of urine formed)
Term
Posterior pituitary gland
Definition
neruohypophysis
Term
Posterior pituitary gland hormones
Definition
Antidiuretic ADH
Oxytocin
Term
ADH
Definition
accelerates water re-absorption from urine in the kidney tubules into the blood, thereby decreasing urine secretion
Term
Oxytocin (OT)
Definition
stimulates the pregnant uterus to contract, may initiate labor, cause glandular cells of the breasts to release milk into ducts, enhances social bonding
Term
Actual production of ADH and OT occur in the?
Definition
Hypothalamus
Term
Hypothalamus
Definition
controls many body function related to homeostasis
Term
Thyroid hormones
Definition
thyroxine (T4)
trilodothyronine (T3)
Term
CT
Definition
Decreases the blood calcium concentration
Term
PTH
Definition
parathyroid hormone
Term
Parathyroid hormone
Definition
increases blood calcium concentration
Term
Cortisol
Definition
converts amino acids to glucose
Term
Glucocorticoids (GC)
Definition
chiefly cortisol
Term
Mineralocorticoids (MC)
Definition
chiefly aldosterno
Term
Mineralocorticoids
Definition
increase blood sodium and decrease body potassium concentrations by accelerating kidney tubule
Term
Adrenal medulla
Definition
epinephrine (EPI)
Norepinephrine (NR)
Term
EPI
Definition
Stress
Fight or flight
Term
Decrease insulin production
Definition
Diabetes type 1
Term
Pancreas
Definition
Produces too little insulin, less glucose into cells
Term
Effects of estrogen
Definition
development and maturation of breasts and external genitals
Term
Development of adult female body contours
Definition
Effects of estrogen
Term
Initiation of menstrual cycle
Definition
Effects of estrogen
Term
Interstital cells of testes
Definition
secrete the male hormone estrogen
Term
Effects of testosterone
Definition
Maturation of external glands
beard growth
voice changes
Development of musculature and body contours
Term
Thymus hormone
Definition
thymosin
Term
Thymosin
Definition
plays an important role in the body's immune system
Term
Placenta hormones
Definition
chorionic gonadotropins
Estrogens
progesterone
Term
Functions of placenta hormones
Definition
maintain the corpus luteum during pregnancy
Term
A small gland near the roof of the third ventricle of the brain
Definition
pineal gland
Term
Pineal gland
Definition
secretes melatonin
Term
Melatonin
Definition
regulates body's internal clock (increase in night, decrease in day)
Term
Fat storing cells
Definition
secrete leptin
Term
Leptin
Definition
controls how full or hungry one feels
Term
Leptin
Definition
determines how much fat is metabolized
Term
Male reproductive system
Definition
Essential organs of reproduction are the gonads, with produce sex cells
Term
Accessory organs of reproduction
Definition
Ducts
Sex glands
External Genitals
Term
Ducts
Definition
passageways that carry sperm from testes to exterior
Term
Sex glands
Definition
produce protective and nutrient solution for sperm
Term
Testes
Definition
gonads of men
Term
Testes in scrotum
Definition
lower temperature
Term
Scrotum
Definition
3 degrees lower than normal body temperature
Term
Functions of MRS
Definition
Sperm production
Term
Epididymis
Definition
single coiled tube about 6m in length
Term
Sperm
Definition
mature and develop the capacity for motility as they pass through epididymis
Term
Vas Deferens
Definition
exits sperm from the epididymis and transports them from scrotal sac through the abdominal cavity
Term
Sperm count
Definition
300 to 500 million per ejaculation
Term
Prostate gland
Definition
shaped like a doughnut
Secretion represents 30% of seminal fluid
Term
Activates sperm and is needed for ongoing sperm motility
Definition
Prostate gland
Term
Seminal fluid
Definition
thin and milk colored
Term
Genitalia
Definition
penis and scrotum
Term
Circumcision
Definition
surgical removal of foreskin
Term
Essential organs
Definition
Gonads
2 ovaries (one on each side)
Term
Accessory organs
Definition
ducts
sex glands
external genitals
Term
Fallopian tubes
Definition
Ducts
Term
Sex glands
Definition
Breasts
Term
New born girls
Definition
1 million eggs
Term
Ovaries
Definition
resemble large almonds
Term
Corpus Luteum
Definition
Produces progesterone (maintains pregnancy)
Term
Fallopian tubes
Definition
Expanded distal end surrounded by fimbriae
Term
Vulva
Definition
mons pubis
clitoris
orifice of urethra
bartholin's gland
vagina
labia minora and majora
hymen
Term
Perineum
Definition
area between vaginal opening and anus
Term
Menses
Definition
About the first 4-5 days of the cycle
Term
Hormones FSH and LH
Definition
cause ovulation, stimulates development of egg follicle
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