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Anatomy Test W06D1
Histology - Curless
28
Anatomy
Undergraduate 4
09/28/2009

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Term
What is otageny?
Definition
The study of development from conception to death
Term
What are some examples of unicellular organisms? What does this mean?
Definition
bacteria, algae, seaweed, protozoa. All their cells are the same. No specialized cells. Do not form tissue.
Term
What is the general pattern of embryonic development?
Definition
zygote -> embryo (diploblastic)
Term
What are some animals that are diploblastic as adults?
Definition
sponges, jellyfish, combjellies
Term
What are the two forms of tissue that are in dipoblastic organisms?
Definition
ectoderm and endoderm
Term
What does ectoderm turn into?
Definition
skin, nerves, sensory organs
Term
What does endoderm turn into?
Definition
lining of hollow organs and sensory organs
Term
What does mesoderm turn into?
Definition
the rest of the body organs (besides the hollow linings, skin, nerves and sensory organs)
Term
What do you call an animal that has 4 kinds of cells in the embryo?
Definition
Tetralastic
Term
What type of cell do vertebrates have that non-vertebrates don't have?
Definition
neural crest
Term
What is induction?
Definition
When a cell or tissue influences other cells or tissues nearby to change into the same type
Term
What are the four basic types of tissues in an adult vertebrate?
Definition
epithelium, connective, muscle, nervous
Term
What does heterochrony mean?
Definition
some parts of the body/tissues develop before others
Term
Why do organs develop at different times?
Definition
the genes that are guiding development do not all get translated when the egg is fertilized
Term
Why won't the lungs work in a premature baby?
Definition
Surfactum may not have developed so the sides of the lungs may stick together
Term
What is embryonic development called?
Definition
embryogeny
Term
What are the organ systems of the body?
Definition
MR CIS DENSERI muscle, reproductive, circulatory, integument, skeletal, digestive, endocrine, nervous, sensory, excretory, respiratory, immune/lymphatic
Term
Which system forms first?
Definition
nervous
Term
Important aspects of epithelium
Definition
covers the body. protects. permeable via ducts. capable of rapid regeneration.
Term
Locations of epithelium
Definition
lines the digestive tract, surrounding nerve cells
Term
What is an exocrine gland?
Definition
makes a substance and sends it directly to the target. Have ducts. Sweat. Salivary.
Term
What is an endocrine gland?
Definition
Takes an indirect route to the target. Ex. circulatory system
Term
What are the shapes of epithelials?
Definition
squamous, cuboidal, columnar
Term
What are the different types of organization of epithelials?
Definition
simple, stratified, pseudostratified
Term
What kind of junctions do epithelials have between them?
Definition
occluding junction, gap junction, desmosomes
Term
What is a gap junction?
Definition
two cells are held together by interlocking junctional proteins called connexons
Term
What is an occluding junction?
Definition
the lipid portions of the plasma membranes are bound togehter by interlocking membrane proteins
Term
What is a desmosome?
Definition
Two cells are held together by CAM's
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