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Anatomy Test 4
LE
89
Anatomy
Graduate
07/25/2009

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Cards

Term
What would happen if the round ligament of the femur were completely torn?
Definition
The head of the femur degenerates.
Term
Which of the ligaments of the hip limit excessive extension?
Definition
Iliofemoral, pubofemoral, ischiofemoral
Term
What nerves provide sensory innvervation to the hip joint?
Definition
Femoral, obturator, sciatic, superior gluteal, inferior gluteal
Term
The trochanteric bursa lies between what structures?
Definition
greater trochanter and the gluteus maximus
Term
The ischial bursa lies between what structures?
Definition
The ischial tuberosity and the gluteus maximus.
Term
What is the relationship of the sciatic N to the piriformis muscle?
Definition
It enters the gluteal region inferior to the piriformis M.
Term
What is the relationship of the superior gluteal nerves and vessels to the piriformis muscle?
Definition
The superior gluteal nerve and vessels enter the gluteal region superior to the piriformis muscle.
Term
What is the relationship of the inferior gluteal nerves and vessels to the piriformis muscle?
Definition
The inferior gluteal nerve and vessels enter the gluteal region inferior to the piriformis muscle.
Term
Which gluteal muscles abduct and IR?
Definition
Gluteus medius and minimus
Term
What gluteal muscles extend and ER?
Definition
gluteus maximus
Term
What gluteal muscles ER?
Definition
Gluteus maximus, piriformis, quadratus femoris, superior ad inferior gemelli, internal and external obturators.
Term
Damage to the superior gluteal nerve will affect which muscles and which actions?
Definition
The gluteus medius and minimus which are abductors and IR of the hip and the TFL which abduct and flex the hip
Term
Damage to the inferior gluteal nerve will affect which muscles and which actions?
Definition
The gluteus maximus which is an extensor and ER of hip
Term
What is the difference between extra-articular and intra-articular structures?
Definition
The extra structures are on the outside or periphery of the articulation b/w the femur and tibia while the intra structures are in between femur and tibial area of articulation.
Term
What are the extra-articular structures of the knee?
Definition
Patellar L and T, quadriceps tendon, medial and lateral patellar retinaculi, LCL, MCL, oblique popliteal L, arcuate popliteal L.
Term
Which of the extra articular structures are common to both the tibiofemoral and patellofemoral jts?
Definition
The Patellar lig, quadriceps tendon, and the medial and lateral retinaculi.
Term
What are the intra articular structures of the knee?
Definition
medial and lateral menisci, ACL, PCL, meniscofemora L, coronal ligament, and transverse lig of the knee.
Term
What are the intra articular structures that are common to both the tibiofemoral and patellofemoral jts?
Definition
None of hte intra articular structures are common to both jts.
Term
What bursa lies over the tibial tuberosity?
Definition
Superficial infrapatellar
Term
What bursa lies deep to the quadriceps tendon?
Definition
Suprapatellar
Term
What bursa lies superficial to the patella
Definition
Prepatellar
Term
What bursa lies deep to the patellar ligament?
Definition
Deep infrapatellar
Term
What bursa lies over the lateral tibial condyle?
Definition
Poplitial
Term
What bursa lies under the common tendon for the gracilis, sartorius, and semitendinosus?
Definition
Pes anserine
Term
What is the sensory innervation of the knee joint?
Definition
Femoral N, obturator N, common peroneal N, and tibial N
Term
Where is the femoral triangle?
Definition
Bound superiorly by the inguinal ligament, laterally by the sartorius, medially by the adductor longus, and posteriorly by the iliopsoas.
Term
What does the femoral triangle contain?
Definition
Femoral N, A, V
Term
With damage to the femoral nerve what muscles could be involved and what movements and sensations could be impaired?
Definition
Psoas major, iliacus, sartorius, pectineur, and quadriceps femoris. Hip flexion, ER of hip (slight), knee extension and slight knee flexion. Sensation of the anterior thigh, medial leg and medial foot.
Term
Blockage of which arteries will affect the hip joint?
Definition
Femoral, profunda femoral, medial and lateral femoral circumflex, obturator, superior gluteal, inferior gluteal.
Term
Blockage of which arteries will affect the hamstrings?
Definition
Femoral, profunda femoral, perforating
Term
Blockage of which arteries will affect the adductor magnus?
Definition
Obturator, femoral, profunda femoral, perforating.
Term
Blockage of which arteries will affect the quadriceps?
Definition
Femoral
Term
Which muscles of the anterior compartment flex the hip?
Definition
Iliopsoas, sartorius, rectus femoris, pectineus
Term
Which muscles of the anterior compartment extend the knee?
Definition
Vastus lateralis, vastus medialis, rectus femoris, vastus intermedius
Term
Which muscles of the anterior compartment externally rotate the hip?
Definition
Sartorius
Term
Damage to the obturator nerve could involve which muscles of hte medial thigh and impair which movements of the hip?Would there be any sensory impairment? If so, what would it be?
Definition
Gracilis, adductor longus, adductor brevis, adductor magnus and hip adduction, medial rotation, flexion (some), ext (some). Sensation to medial thigh.
Term
What medial compartment muscles both medially rotate and adduct the hip?
Definition
Gracilis, adductor longus, adductor brevis, adductor magnus
Term
Which of the medial compartment muscles are innervated by two different nerves? What might youfind if only one o these nerves were damaged?
Definition
Adductor magnus- Obturator N. and Tibial N. component of the Sciatic N. If either of these nerves is damaged and the adductor magnus is involved there would e a weakness in hip adduction and medial rotation and slight weakness in hip ext when hip is flexed
Term
What artery supplies blood to the muscles of the posterior compartment?
Definition
Profunda femoral, perforating
Term
Damage to the tibial nerve could affect which posterior compartment muscles and what actions?
Definition
Temitendinous, semimembranosus, long head of the biceps femors would be involved and hip ext, knee flex, and tibial IR and ER
Term
Damage to the common peroneal N could affect which posterior compartment muscles and what actions?
Definition
Short head of the biceps femoris and knee flexion and ER of tibia
Term
Which of the posterior compartment muscles flex the knee?
Definition
Semitendinous, semimembranous, long and short heads of the biceps femoris
Term
Which of the posterior compartment muscles IR the tibia?
Definition
Semitendinous, semimembranous
Term
Which of the posterior compartment muscles extend the hip?
Definition
Semimembranous, semitendinous, long head of the biceps femoris
Term
Which of the posterior compartment muscles ER the tibia?
Definition
Long and short heads of the biceps femoris
Term
Trauma to the popliteal fossa could damage what muscles, what nerves and what arteries?
Definition
M= semiteninous, semimembranous, biceps femoris, popliteus, gastroc N=common peroneal, tibial, medial and lateral sural, genicular posterior fem cutaneous; A= popliteal, genicular
Term
What arteries in the popliteal fossa supply blood directly to the knee joint?
Definition
Superior medial genicular, superior lateral genicular, middle genicular, inferior medial genicular, inferior lateral genicular
Term
Would damage to the tibial or common peroneal nerves in the popliteal fossa affect motor or sensory innervation to the posterior thigh? y/N
Definition
No-damage distal to the posterior thigh
Term
Would damage to the tibial or common peroneal nerves in the popliteal fossa affect motor or sensory innervation in the anterior leg?
Definition
Yes- deep peroneal N. off common peroneal N.
Term
Would damage to the tibial or common peroneal nerve in the popliteal fossa affect motor or sensory innervation to the medial thigh?
Definition
No- obturator N- damage distal to nerve
Term
Would damage to the tibial or common peroneal nerves in the popliteal fossa affect motor or sensory innervation in the posterior leg?
Definition
Yes- tibial N.
Term
Would damage to the tibial or common peroneal nerves in the popliteal fossa affect motor or sensory innervation in the anterior thigh?
Definition
No-femoral N- damage distal to nerve
Term
Would damage to the tibial or common peroneal nerves in the popliteal fossa affect motor or sensory innervation in the foot?
Definition
yes- innervation to the foot from tibial and common peroneal N.
Term
What are the main movements permitted at the ankle joint?
Definition
Plantar flexion and dorsiflexion
Term
What are the main movements permitted at the subtalar joint?
Definition
Inversion and eversion
Term
What are the main movements permitted at the midtarsal joint?
Definition
inversion and eversion
Term
A lateral sprain of the ankle resulting from excessive inversion of the foot could damage which ankle ligaments?
Definition
Lateral collateral which consist of the anterior talofibular, calcaneofibular, posterior talofibular.. Anterior ande posterior are most common
Term
A medial sprain of the ankle due to excessive eversion of the foot could damage which ankle ligaments?
Definition
deltoid which consists of the anterior tibiotalar, posterior tibiotalar, tibiocalcaneal, tibionavicular
Term
What is the sensory innervation of the ankle joint?
Definition
Tibial N., deep peroneal N. from common peroneal N.
Term
What two joints form the midtarsal joint?
Definition
calcaneocuboid, talonavicular
Term
What muscles and actions could be affected with damage to the deep peroneal N. How about the common peroneal nerve?
Definition
Anterior tibialis, extensor digitorum longus and brevis and the extensor hallicis longus and brevis. Actions of ankle dorsiflexion, foot inversion, ext of toes and big toe would be weakened. Sam muscles and action would be seen with damage to the common peroneal N.
Term
What sensory impairment could result from damage to the deep peroneal N.
Definition
The skin between the big toe and the second toe?
Term
What common ankle movement results from the action of the anterior tibialis, extensor hallucis longus, and extensor digitorum?
Definition
ankle dorsiflexion
Term
What is the difference in the action of the anterior tibialis, as compared to extensor hallucis longus, and extensor digitorum
Definition
The anterior tibialis does not extend the toes and the extensors do not invert the foot.
Term
Rupture of the Achilles tendon would affect what muscles and actions?
Definition
Gastroc, plantaris, soleus, plantar flexion of the ankle and inversion of the foot
Term
what muscles in the posterior compartment produce ankle plantarflexion?
Definition
Gastroc, soleus, plantaris, posterior tibialis, flexor digitorum longus, flexor hallicis longus
Term
What muscles in the posterior compartment produce ankle dorsiflexion?
Definition
None
Term
What muscles in the posterior compartent produce foot inversion?
Definition
Gastroc, soleus, plantaris, posterior tibialis
Term
What muscles in the posterior compartment produce knee flexion?
Definition
Gastrocnemius
Term
What muscles in the posterior compartment produce foot eversion?
Definition
None
Term
How could damage to the common peroneal N affect the dosum of the foot?
Definition
Action of the extensor digitorum brevis and extensor hallicis brevis and sensation to the dorsum of the foot including the area b/w the big and second toe.
Term
How could damage to the superficial peroneal N afect the dorsum of the foot?
Definition
Sensation to the dorsum of the foot but not b/w the big and second toe.
Term
How could damage of the deep peroneal N affect the dorsum of the foot?
Definition
Action of the extensor digitorum brevis and extensor hallicis brevis and sensation to the dorsal skin area b/w the big and second toe.
Term
How could damage to the Tibial N afect the dorsum of the foot?
Definition
No affect
Term
What do muscles in the anterior compartment of the leg and dorsum of the foot have in comon?
Definition
Both are extensors of the toes and innervated by Deep peroneal N.
Term
What forms the plantar arch?
Definition
The deep plantar artery from the dorsalis pedis and hte lateral plantar artery from the posterior tibial A
Term
Occlusion of the popliteal A will decrease blood supply to the plantar aspect of the foot? y/n
Definition
Yes affect posterior and anterior tibial A
Term
occlusion of anterior tibial A will decrease blood supply to the plantar aspect o the foot? y/n
Definition
Yes- affects dorsalis pedis and thus deep plantar
Term
Occlusion of peroneal a will decrease blood supply to the plantar aspect of the foot? y/n
Definition
No-does not reach the foot
Term
Occlusion of posterior tibial a will decrease blood supply to the plantar aspect of the foot? y/n
Definition
yes-gives off the lateral and medial plantar A to the foot
Term
Occlusion of inferior genicular A will decrease blood supply to the plantar aspect of the foot? y/n
Definition
No-goes to knee only
Term
What would be the sensory impairment expected for the foot with damage to the L5?
Definition
Dorsum of foot
Term
What would be the sensory impairment expected for the foot with damage to the lateral plantar N
Definition
Lateral plantar surface of the foot up to but no including the 3rd toe
Term
What would be the sensory impairment expected for the foot with damage to the deep peroneal N
Definition
Dorsal skin between the big and second toes
Term
What would be the sensory impairment expected for the foot with damage to S1
Definition
Plantar surface of foot, dorsal and plantar surface of little toe, dorsum of toes
Term
What would be the sensory impairment expected for the foot with damage to the medial plantar n?
Definition
Medial plantar surface of the foot upto but not including the 4th toe
Term
What would be the sensory impairment expected for the foot with damage to the tibial N
Definition
Entire plantar surface of the foot
Term
What would be the sensory impairment expected for the foot with damage to the Common peroneal N
Definition
Dorsum of foot except for lateral border
Term
What muscles lie in layer three of hte plantar aspect of the foot?
Definition
Flexor hallicis brevis, flexor digiti minimi, adductor hallicis
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