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Anatomy Test 3: Muscles
muscles
26
Anatomy
Undergraduate 2
03/22/2012

Additional Anatomy Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term

Three Different MM types:

 

 

Definition

Skeletal

Cardiac

Smooth

Term
Skeletal MM
Definition

AKA's: Stiated, Voluntary

attached to skeleton

Stiated- appeared striped

Voluntary- can control their movement

 

Term
Anatomy of Skeletal MM
Definition
[image]
Term
ENDOMYSIUM
Definition
ENCLOSES EACH MM FIBER (A WRAPPING)
Term
PERIMYSIUM
Definition

SEVERAL SHEATHED M FIBERS ARE BUNDLED TOGETHER AND WRAPPED BY THIS

 

ALL THESE BUNDLES FORM THE FASCICLE

Term
EPIMYSIUM
Definition

COVERS ENTIRE LENGTH OF MM

 

A BUNCH OF FASCICLES WRAPPED TOGETHER

 

TAPERS INTO TENDON THAT ATTACHES TO BONE

Term
SMOOTH MM
Definition

NONSTIATED

INVOLUNTARY

FOUND IN HOLLOW TUBESOF VISCERAL ORGANS (STOMACH, URINARY BLADDER, RESPIRATORY PASSAGE)

PROPELS FOOD AND SUBSTANCES THROUGH PERISTOLISIS

Term
ANATOMY OF SMOOTH MM
Definition

2 LAYERS:

CIRCULAR LAYER

LONGITUDAL LAYER

 

THIS ARRANGEMENT ALLOWS MM ALTERNATELY CONTRACT AND RELAX

Term
MM FNX:
Definition

PRODUCE MOVEMENT

 

MAINTAINS POSTURE

 

STABILIZES JOINTS (BY PRODUCT IS ATP)

 

GENERATES HEAT

Term
CHRONIC LOW BACK PAIN
Definition

LUMBER EXTENSORS AE LIKELY TO BE DEFICIENT BC IF YOU DONT USE IT YOU LOSE IT AND IT TURNS TO FAT

 

WEAK MM, POOR STABILIZERS INADEQUATE PROTECTION

 

BECOMES INFLAMMED TO PROTECT

 

USE STRENGTH TRAINING, NEUROLOGICAL TRAINING, AND ADJUSTMENT TO HELP

Term
SPECIFIC ANATOMY OF SKELETAL MM
Definition
[image]
Term
SACROMERE
Definition

MYOFILBRILS ARE CHAINS OF THESE

 

LINED END TO END LIKE COKE CANS

 

AREA BTW TWO Z LINES

Term
MYOFILAMENTS
Definition

ACTIN (THIN FILAMENTS)- CONTRACTILE PROTEIN, ALSO PREVENTS CONTRACTION 

 

MYOSIN (THICK FILAMENT/PROTEIN)- CONTAIN ATPase WHICH SPLIT ATP TO GENERATE FOR CONTRACTION

Term
SACROPLASMIC RETICULUM
Definition

SURROUNDS EVERY MYOFIBRIL

 

STORES AND RELEASE CALCIUM WHEN MM FIBER IS STIMULATED OR CONTRACTED

Term
MM ACTIVITY
Definition

IN ORDER FOR MM TO CONTRACT:

 

-IRRITABILITY- ABILITY TO RECIEVE AND RESPOND

-CONTRACTILITY- THE ABILITY TO SHORTEN WHEN STIMULUS IS RECIEVED

-SKELETAL MM MUST BE STIMULATED BY NERVE IMPULSE TO CONTRACT (ACTION POTENTIAL)

-FORM A MOTOR UNIT OF MM TISSUES AND MOTOR NERVES

Term
NEUROMUSCULAR JUNCTION
Definition
[image]
Term
SLIDING FILAMENT THEORY
Definition
Term
GRADED RESPONSE
Definition

MM CELLS REACT TO STIMULI WITH THIS

"ALL OF NONE" NO PARTIAL CONTRACTION OCCURS

BEING ABLE TO VARY THE RESPONSE OF A MM CONTRACTION

OCCURS IN 2 WAYS:

BY CHANGING FREQUENCY OF STIMULI (SPEED)

CHANGING THE STRENGTH OF STIMULI (WEIGHT)

Term
TETANIC CONTRACTION
Definition

NERVE IMPULSES ARE SUMMED AND CONTRACTION OF MM GETS STRONGER AND SMOOTHER

 

*WHEN YOU PICK UP HEAVIER THINGS YOU RECRIUT MORE TETANUS

Term
INCOMPLETE TETANUS
Definition
DOESN'T CONTRACT
Term
ENERGY FOR MM CONTRACTION
Definition

TAKE ATP... 3 PATHWAYS TO GENERATE ATP:

 

1. DIRECT PHOSPHORYLATION OF ADP BY CREATINE PHOSPHATE

2. AEROBIC RESPIRATION (OXIDATIVE PHOS. 36 ATP)

3. ANAEROBIC GLYCOLYSIS AND LACTIC ACID FORMATION (2 ATP FASTER THAN AR THOUGH)

 

*ATP LAST ABOUT 4-6 SECONDS

 

Term
ISOTONIC
Definition

WHEN THE MM SHORTENS

 

EX. BENDING THE KNEE

Term
ISOMETRIC
Definition

WHEN THE MM LENGTHENS

 

EX. TRYING TO PUSH A WALL

Term
MUSCLE TONE
Definition

SKELETAL MM ACTIVITY IS CONSTANTLY OCCURING

ALLOWS TO STAY FIRM/HEALTHY

CALLED "MM TONE"

Term
AFFECTS OF EXERCIS ON MM
Definition

NO STIMULATION--> ATROPHY

STIMULATION--> HYPERTROPHY

 

STRONGER MORE FLEXIBLE MM... BC BLOOD SUPPLY INCREASES MORE MM CELLS FORM, MORE MITOCHONDRIA, MORE OXYGEN STORED.

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